Not exact matches
When the AMO is in its positive phase and the sea surface temperatures are
warmer, the study has shown that the main effect in winter is to promote the negative phase of the NAO which
leads to «blocking»
episodes over the North Atlantic sector, allowing cold weather systems to exist over the eastern US and Europe.
A new study has found that Great Barrier Reef (GBR) corals were able to survive past bleaching events because they were exposed to a pattern of gradually
warming waters in the
lead up to each
episode.
Zachos... is a
leading expert on the
episode of global
warming known as the Paleocene - Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM), when global temperatures shot up by 5 degrees Celsius (9 degrees Fahrenheit).
Zachos... is a
leading expert on the
episode of global
warming known as the Paleocene - Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM), when global temperatures shot up by 5 degrees Celsius (9 degrees Fahrenheit).
# 92 Spencer el al 2007 paper doesn't really support the precise mechanism proposed by Lindzen for Iris effect, but more simply observes a strong TOA negative correction associated with
warming events at 20 ° S - 20 ° N (that is: in the 2000 - 2005 period of observation, the most significative
warming episodes of the surface + low troposphere — 40 days or more —
leads to a negative SW+LW cloud forcing at the top of the atmosphere).
... but more simply observes a strong TOA negative correction associated with
warming events at 20 ° S - 20 ° N (that is: in the 2000 - 2005 period of observation, the most significative
warming episodes of the surface + low troposphere — 40 days or more —
leads to a negative SW+LW cloud forcing at the top of the atmosphere).
My simple, perhaps wrong, interpretation is that a
warmer Arctic reduces the NH temperature gradient, hence it reduces the mean westerly flow, hence supports more of the easterly anomalies that
lead to European snow
episodes.
Negative AO / NAO
episodes have increased from 1995 to 1998, and again from 2005,
leading to a
warm AMO, and the acceleration of sea ice loss.
So even though past
warm episodes may have been initiated by orbital changes that caused
warming and thus caused CO2 to rise, which then
led to more
warming, we know that the current
warm episode is being driven by increasing CO2 due to the burning of fossil fuels and the clearing of forests.
As in later eras, Cretaceous warmth
led to ocean stratification and anoxia; evidence shows many
warm «spikes» accompanied by such anoxic
episodes.