Sentences with phrase «warming estimates from»

An assessment of the primary sources of spread of global warming estimates from coupled atmosphere — ocean models.

In fact, there is an accumulating body of reviewed, published research shaving away the high end of the range of possible warming estimates from doubled carbon dioxide levels.

None of the warming estimates from thawing permafrost are in the latest reports by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change.

Using instead the 4.0 + / -0.8 C warming estimate from the Annan and Hargreaves (2013; doi: 10.5194 / cp -9-367-2013) global reconstruction of temperature changes at the LGM implies an even lower ECS best estimate, of 1.56 C.

Not exact matches

Using these data, researchers fine - tuned estimates from previous foram studies that captured polar conditions to show tropical oceans warmed substantially in the Eocene, but not as much as polar oceans.

They found glacial fjords hundreds of meters deeper than previously estimated; the full extent of the marine - based portions of the glaciers; deep troughs enabling Atlantic Ocean water to reach the glacier fronts and melt them from below; and few shallow sills that limit contact with this warmer water.

Now a new analysis is estimating the pace of species movement because of both climate change and land use, revealing new pressures that stem from local decisions to build, plant and cut on the warming landscape.

By reconstructing past global warming and the carbon cycle on Earth 56 million years ago, researchers from the Niels Bohr Institute among others have used computer modelling to estimate the potential perspective for future global warming, which could be even warmer than previously thought.

The calculations are in line with estimates from most climate models, proving that these models do a good job of estimating past climatic conditions and, very likely, future conditions in an era of climate change and global warming.

In one study published in Geophysical Research Letters in 2007, scientists at the Max Planck Institute for Meteorology in Hamburg, Germany, estimated the mass redistribution resulting from ocean warming would shorten the day by 120 microseconds, or nearly one tenth of a millisecond, over the next two centuries.

In the case of Scottsbluff, Vatistas and his team found that the temperature inside the tornado would have dropped from a comfortably warm background temperature of 27o C to a chilly 12o C. And at the tornado's centre, the researchers estimated the air density would have been 20 per cent lower than what's found at high altitudes.

Indeed, atmospheric chemists have estimated that the combined warming effect of these trace gases will soon equal or exceed the effect from carbon dioxide.

The material on Amazon forest dieback was in the IPCC assessment as were the numbers on recent sea level (thought the IPCC did not use the information on recent contributions from land ice in their estimate for 21st century warming.)

This translates into more CO2 in the atmosphere and therefore more warming, with estimates ranging from 0.62 w / m2 to 1.09 w / m2.

Data from BOREAS allows researchers to estimate how much carbon dioxide trees pull out of the atmosphere and store within their structures, a value used in some models to predict the role of forests in a future, warmer world.

7It is particularly ironic that Lomborg would offer such a ridiculously precise estimate of the cost of the impacts of climate change from carbon dioxide emissions, inasmuch as the entire thrust of his books chapter on «global warming» is that practically nothing about the effects of greenhouse gases is known with certainty.

Complementary analyses of the surface mass balance of Greenland (Tedesco et al, 2011) also show that 2010 was a record year for melt area extent... Extrapolating these melt rates forward to 2050, «the cumulative loss could raise sea level by 15 cm by 2050 ″ for a total of 32 cm (adding in 8 cm from glacial ice caps and 9 cm from thermal expansion)- a number very close to the best estimate of Vermeer & Rahmstorf (2009), derived by linking the observed rate of sea level rise to the observed warming.

But the change from 2004 to 2007 in the sun's output of visible light, and the attendant warming at Earth's surface of 0.1 watt per square meter, is roughly equivalent to the overall forcing of the sun on the climate over the past 25 years — estimated by the U.N. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change to be an additional 0.12 watt per square meter.

Heatwaves from Europe to China are likely to be more intense and result in maximum temperatures that are 3 °C to 5 °C warmer than previously estimated by the middle of the century — all because of the way plants on the ground respond to carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.

Co-author Dr Eleanor Burke, from the Met Office Hadley Centre, said: «The advantage of our approach is that permafrost loss can be estimated for any policy - relevant global warming scenario.

As shown later in this paper, the global warming potential of the annual emissions of CH4 from Amazonian wetlands is equivalent to about 30â $ «40 % of the estimated annual accumulation of C in woody biomass of mature Amazonian forests.»

Indeed, the main quandary faced by climate scientists is how to estimate climate sensitivity from the Little Ice Age or Medieval Warm Period, at all, given the relative small forcings over the past 1000 years, and the substantial uncertainties in both the forcings and the temperature changes.

The kinder, gentler model from the Hadley Centre for Climate Prediction and Research in the United Kingdom estimated a wetter, warmer future: Rainfall may increase 20 percent to 25 percent, mean annual temperatures could increase 2 degrees Fahrenheit by 2030 and 4 degrees by 2100.

The IPCC's overall estimate of global sea level rise, which includes all the other factors that affect sea levels, such as melt from Greenland's ice sheets and the oceans expanding as they warm, is 60 cm by 2100 (with a likely range of 42 to 80 cm).

In the end, Archibald concludes that the warming from the next 40 ppm of CO2 rise (never mind the rest of it) will only be 0.04 degrees C. Archibald's low - ball estimate of climate change comes not from the modtran model my server ran for him, but from his own low - ball value of the climate sensitivity.

This is much less than the current «best estimate» of about 3 deg.C, and would imply that there is * not * any unfelt warming «still in the pipeline» from greenhouse gases we've already emitted.

We assess the heat content change from both of the long time series (0 to 700 m layer and the 1961 to 2003 period) to be 8.11 ± 0.74 × 1022 J, corresponding to an average warming of 0.1 °C or 0.14 ± 0.04 W m — 2, and conclude that the available heat content estimates from 1961 to 2003 show a significant increasing trend in ocean heat content.

Estimates from the study indicate that the freezing line could lift by as much as 3,900 feet by 2100, which could expose the majority of glaciers in the region to temperatures above 32 °F in warm - weather months.

(e) Estimated temperature response to anthropogenic forcing, consisting of a warming component from greenhouse gases, and a cooling component from most aerosols.

[Further Response: Our estimates of the magnitude of future global warming do not come from ice core data, and do not depend on it in any way.

The Copenhagen Diagnosis authors used IPCC Fourth Assessment Report (AR4) projections as well as post-AR4 analysis to estimate that emissions reductions of around 40 % from industrial nations are needed to make it likely to keep global warming below 2 °C.

Using Mg / Ca paleothermometry from the planktonic foraminifera Globigerinoides ruber from the past 500 k.y. at Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) Site 871 in the western Pacific warm pool, we estimate the tropical Pacific climate sensitivity parameter (λ) to be 0.94 — 1.06 °C (W m − 2) − 1, higher than that predicted by model simulations of the Last Glacial Maximum or by models of doubled greenhouse gas concentration forcing.

A doubling of CO2 from 300 ppm in 1880 to 600 ppm in 2100 has a best estimate of 1.8 degrees (scenario B1) or about 2.3 degrees warming since 1880, which happens to be precisely the sensitivity figure given by Schmittner et al..

Another way to estimate climate sensitivity from both models AND observations is to calculate the ratio of observed warming to forecast warming... then multiply that by the ECS value used in the model.

Every year, approximately two - thirds of North Pacific humpback whales, estimates range from 4,000 to 10,000 whales, migrate to Hawaii's warm waters.

Every year, approximately two - thirds of North Pacific humpback whales (estimates range from 4,000 to 10,000 whales) migrate to Hawaii's warm waters to mate, and to bear and nurse their calves.

Every year, approximately two - thirds of North Pacific humpback whales, estimates range from 4,000 to 10,000 whales, migrate to Hawaii's warm waters to mate, and to bear and nurse their calves.

Adolph Gottlieb's Burst # 3 from 1967 (Lot 536) should be sold for $ 1,400,000 — $ 1,800,000, Alexander Calder's Untitled (Demi Cône) from 1972 (Lot 513) for $ 1,250,000 — $ 1,800,000, while Kenneth Noland's A Warm Sound In A Gray Field from 1961 (Lot 505) and Joan Mitchell's Magnolia from 1978 (Lot 553) are both estimated at $ 1,200,000 — $ 1,800,000.

But rather since carbon dioxide, for example, is generally accepted as one of the leading causes of Global Warming we should be able to come up with a somewhat accurate estimate of where all the carbon dioxide comes from.

To prime the pump, I mentioned a couple of instances that I reported on Dot Earth, including a report estimating 300,000 deaths a year from global warming and contentious statements made about the predicted die - back of the Amazon rain forest at a climate - science summit in Copenhagen early last year.

According to Sir Nicholas, «Scientists have been refining their assessment of the probable degree of warming for a given level of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere», and «ranges from 2004 estimates are substantially above those from 2001 — science is telling us that the warming effect is greater than we had previously thought.»

Presumably the water vapour feedback in models is dealt with by determining / estimating / calculating the radiative forcing from water vapour and then making some assumption about the water vapour response to atmospheric warming (e.g. assuming constant relative humidity).

What I'm trying to get at is some simplistic estimate of the water vapour feedback that results from an enhanced CO2 - induced warming of say 1.1 oC from the CO2 RF of around 4 Wm - 2.

The standard usage attributes physical meaning to the feedbacks which may be incompatible with the one implied here i.e. a sum of unspecified fudge terms to be added (or subtracted from) the estimated warming.

Item 8 could be confusing in having so many messages: «It is extremely likely that more than half of the observed increase in global average surface temperature from 1951 to 2010 was caused by the anthropogenic increase in greenhouse gas... The best estimate of the human - induced contribution to warming is similar to the observed warming over this period....

In particular, the sensitivity of the Laurentide ice sheet to warming (which you can estimate from paleo) is not likely to be the same as for Greenland.

These results suggest that sea surface temperature pattern - induced low cloud anomalies could have contributed to the period of reduced warming between 1998 and 2013, and offer a physical explanation of why climate sensitivities estimated from recently observed trends are probably biased low 4.

Has anyone else done analysis similar to Giving What You Can where they try to estimate the benefit say in price per tonne of CO2 equivalent from various global warming charities?

Using Mg / Ca paleothermometry from the planktonic foraminifera Globigerinoides ruber from the past 500 k.y. at Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) Site 871 in the western Pacific warm pool, we estimate the tropical Pacific climate sensitivity parameter (λ) to be 0.94 — 1.06 °C (W m − 2) − 1, higher than that predicted by model simulations of the Last Glacial Maximum or by models of doubled greenhouse gas concentration forcing.

Using carbon dioxide emissions data from 2006 and 1750 - for an estimate of preindustrial levels - Jacobson found that each extra degree of warming accounted for roughly 1,000 out of every 50,000 - 100,000 air pollution - related deaths.