Thawing permafrost also delivers organic - rich soils to lake bottoms, where decomposition in the absence
of oxygen releases additional methane.116 Extensive wildfires also release carbon that contributes to climate
warming.107, 117,118 The capacity
of the Yukon River Basin in Alaska and
adjacent Canada to store carbon has been substantially weakened since the 1960s by the combination
of warming and thawing
of permafrost and by increased wildfire.119 Expansion
of tall shrubs and trees into tundra makes the surface darker and rougher, increasing absorption
of the sun's energy and further contributing to
warming.120 This
warming is likely stronger than the potential cooling effects
of increased carbon dioxide uptake associated with tree and shrub expansion.121 The shorter snow - covered seasons in Alaska further increase energy absorption by the
land surface, an effect only slightly offset by the reduced energy absorption
of highly reflective post-fire snow - covered landscapes.121 This spectrum
of changes in Alaskan and other high - latitude terrestrial ecosystems jeopardizes efforts by society to use ecosystem carbon management to offset fossil fuel emissions.94, 95,96
A recent documentary produced by a North Carolina TV station is an excellent example
of ignorance begetting ignorance.The so - called documentary claimed that sea level rise, caused by global
warming, was inundating the outer banks and the
adjacent lands along Albemarle Sound.