In the latter case, the alternative relative SST measure in the lower panel does not change very much over the 21st century, even with substantial Atlantic
warming projections from climate models, because, crucially, the warming projected for the tropical Atlantic in the models is not very different from that projected for the tropics as a whole.
The only way to get scary
warming projections from carbon dioxide (more than 1 °C / doubling) is by supposing a strong positive water vapor feedback, which is not supported by observations.
The first and most egregious of these examples occurred in 1998, when Michaels testified before Congress and deleted two of the three global
warming projections from Hansen et al. (1988).
Come to think of it, if he really believes the «doubled»
warming projections from the MIT study that his is so keen on touting, he ought to man - up and proffer a 0.50 °C average temperature rise during the next decade as a reasonable 50 - 50 value.
The same goes for Judith Curry's long exploration of the mix of modeling and observations leading to the range of possible
warming projections from a doubling of pre-industry carbon dioxide concentrations.
Not exact matches
Once we conceive our cultures and religions as
projections, and perhaps concede to them a capacity to
warm our hearts a bit, they are still not sufficiently substantive to call us back
from exile.
The long - term
warming over the 21st century, however, is strongly influenced by the future rate of emissions, and the
projections cover a wide variety of scenarios, ranging
from very rapid to more modest economic growth and
from more to less dependence on fossil fuels.
New
projections by researchers
from the Universities of Southampton and Liverpool, and the Australian National University in Canberra, could be the catalyst the world has sought to determine how best to meet its obligations to reduce carbon emissions and better manage global
warming as defined by the Paris Agreement.
Because nitrogen and carbon cycles are tightly coupled, the team's discovery might also alter
projections of carbon storage or release
from arctic ecosystems as the climate
warms.
Under the minimum development
projections,
warming ranged
from 0.1 to 0.3 degrees Celsius for most of the year outside winter.
I must also announce again, like a broken record, that running averages for March 2006 Canadian high Arctic are totally
warm: +5 to 10 degrees C
warmer, more again like a Polar model
projection 20 years
from now due to Polar Amplification as on a previous post on RC.
A common skeptic characterisation of the IPCC is that they exagerate
warming projections and the dangers
from global
warming.
Some of the country's best wine comes
from the high - quality grapes grown in California, but
warming projections for the area could cut wine production in half within 30 years, according to Diffenbaugh's research, as well as another study published in the Proceedings of the National Academics of Sciences.
For example, the criticisms of James Hansen's 1988 global
warming projections never go beyond «he was wrong,» when in reality it's important to evaluate what caused the discrepancy between his
projections and actual climate changes, and what we can learn
from this.
A recent analysis looked at historical damage to food crops
from high temperatures during the growing season alongside
projections of future
warming.
The Copenhagen Diagnosis authors used IPCC Fourth Assessment Report (AR4)
projections as well as post-AR4 analysis to estimate that emissions reductions of around 40 %
from industrial nations are needed to make it likely to keep global
warming below 2 °C.
These black and white works are lit by the ambient light
from the
projection casting a
warm tone over the images and making them formally converse with the woman in the
projection.
Here we evaluate
projections of global
warming from almost 30 years ago using the observations made during the past half century.
What is shockingly ill - advised to me is that the Pielke and McIntyre
projections both required, in order to fit with their hoped for story line, that the adjustments not only affect the period
from 1945 to 1960, but also extend beyond that into the late 90s, in order to level the more recent temperature increases so as to both make the rate appear less dramatic and the amount of recent, CO2 forced
warming less of a concern.
Could GCM
projections substantially overestimate temperature trends for the western US if PDO shifts
from its current
warm phase to a cool phase?
This is the menu of potential but largely untested ways to counteract global
warming resulting
from the buildup of greenhouse gases, should reality start to reflect worst - case
projections.
Global
warming deniers * pull similar dirty tricks with the comparison of global temperature with model
projections — for example, by plotting only the tropical mid-troposphere, and by comparing observations with the
projections of scenarios which are furthest
from reality.
I must also announce again, like a broken record, that running averages for March 2006 Canadian high Arctic are totally
warm: +5 to 10 degrees C
warmer, more again like a Polar model
projection 20 years
from now due to Polar Amplification as on a previous post on RC.
Last I saw
from NOAA was global
warming decreasing numbers but increasing intensities: http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/05/080519134306.htm However the methods and equipment for measuring occurences and intensity have improved so much that we're not exactly comparing apples to apples when we calibrate today's numbers with 70 years ago to quantify a correlation, it's effect, and provide a
projection.
I particularly enjoyed the slides that, when combined (1) provided an overview of hotter and cooler CO2 molecules as it relates to how they are seen
from outer space and
from profile — because this will make it easier for me to explain this process to others; (2) walked through the volcanic and solar activity vs assigning importance to CO2 changes — because this another way to help make it clearer, too, but in another way; (3) discussed CO2 induced
warming and ocean rise vs different choices we might make — because this helps point out why every day's delay matters; and (4) showed Figure 1
from William Nordhaus» «Strategies for Control of Carbon Dioxide» and then super-imposed upon that the global mean temperature in colors showing pre-paper and post-paper periods — because this helps to show just how far back it was possible to make reasoned
projections without the aid of a more nuanced and modern understanding.
page 30: «Current carbon dioxide emissions are, in fact, above the highest emissions scenario developed by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), implying that if we stay the current course, we're heading for even larger
warming than the highest
projections from the IPCC.»
And it'll be interesting to see if Charlie Gibson of ABC News asks Gov. Sarah Palin about all these official
projections of impacts
from human - caused global
warming.
In the original post, Pielke quoted liberally
from Weart before concluding: «So a
warming Antarctica and a cooling Antarctica are both «consistent with» model
projections of global
warming.»
If the net feedbacks in the climate system are close to zero, then the
warming from CO2 will be at or below the low - end
projections of the IPCC.
The way the future
projection is done is they use randomly shuffled past years of weather (NCEP / NCAR) and add those to a «spine» of
warming from GCM
projection.
* Oouchi K., Yoshimura J., Yoshimura H., Mizuta R. and Noda A., 2005: Tropical cyclones in a greenhouse -
warmed climate: a
projection from a 20 - km mesh global climate model.
It's no wonder that a large body of the public remains skeptical about the global
warming community's
projections of catastrophe 30 years
from now.
Given the enormous consequences and irreversible losses
from global
warming should the worst
projections play out, the time for improving the flow of information on this subject is clearly now.
He went on to discuss how the original paper's sea - rise
projection was, in his view, flawed, but also how the way it was described distracted
from overall confidence about rising seas in a
warming world.
The temperature
projections provided in table SPM - 3 of the Summary for Policy Makers range
from 1.1 to 6.4 ºC
warming and include carbon cycle feedback.
The release describes new research finding that global
warming from the buildup of greenhouse gases will be on the low end of the persistently wide spread of
projections by other research groups.
Note that the «long, fat tail» of high - end
warming projections in AR4 is absent
from projections based on more recent science.
In summer and autumn the CSIRO
projections were for smaller decreases in rainfall than in winter and spring, but the observed change was a substantial decrease: in fact, as large a decrease between the successive 11 - year periods as CSIRO projected on the high global
warming scenario over the 40 - year period
from 1990 to 2030.
In the second image, we show
projections based on 2 °C (3.6 °F) of
warming from carbon pollution.
Finds inconsistent TC
projection results emerge
from modeling studies due to different downscaling methodologies and
warming scenarios, inconsistencies in projected changes of large - scale conditions, and differences in model physics and tracking algorithms
In the first image for each pair, we show
projections of post-2100 sea level rise that could be locked in following 4 °C (7.2 °F) of
warming from carbon pollution in the coming decades.
These folks prefer rather more exotic explanations that seek to deflect the blame away
from the climate models and thus preserve their over-heated
projections of future global
warming.
Figure 5 compares the IPCC SAR global surface
warming projection for the most accurate emissions scenario (IS92a) to the observed surface
warming from 1990 to 2012.
A paper published in Nature Climate Change, Frame and Stone (2012), sought to evaluate the FAR temperature
projection accuracy by using a simple climate model to simulate the
warming from 1990 through 2010 based on observed GHG and other global heat imbalance changes.
from a visual perspective, «panel b» seems to inspire less confidence in our
projections of future
warming than «panel a» does.
«There is no science demonstrating that the mid-point of the standard IPCC
projection of a
warming of 3 degrees if CO2 - e doubles
from the 1750 level of 280 ppm will have any adverse impacts, if only because there is as yet no unambiguous empirical evidence of any such adve...
Differences between high and low
projections in climate models used by the IPCC stem mainly
from uncertainties over feedback mechanisms - for example, how the carbon cycle and clouds will react to future
warming.
And we also have an essay
from Kenneth Haapala, «A Short History of Global
Warming Fears,» that explains how present worries over warming stem from an educated guess in the 1970s, leading to projections of climate change that have failed to be borne out by the ev
Warming Fears,» that explains how present worries over
warming stem from an educated guess in the 1970s, leading to projections of climate change that have failed to be borne out by the ev
warming stem
from an educated guess in the 1970s, leading to
projections of climate change that have failed to be borne out by the evidence.
Given the increased levels of certainty regarding human - induced global
warming (
from 90 to 95 %), more robust
projections on sea - level rise and data on melting of ice sheets, and the «carbon budget» for staying below the 2 °C target, the WGI conclusions together with other AR5 component reports are likely to put more pressure on the UNFCCC parties to deliver by 2015 an ambitious agreement that is capable of preventing dangerous anthropogenic interference with the climate system.
This text clarifies that: considering observed changes between different periods is necessary to place
projections in historical context; the observed change between the average of the period 1850 - 1900 and of the AR5 reference period is 0.61 ºC with the probability range
from 0.55 to 0.67; and
warming has occurred beyond the average of the AR5 reference period.