Sentences with phrase «warming scenarios for»

I suspect that given the paucity of knowledge in relation to clouds and aerosols (not to mention cycles)... the original X factors for the equation ranged through values that at the lower end produced no scary warming scenarios for the future doubling (ie at or lower than 1.5 C) to those that were very scary at 3 - 4.5 C — or even 6 C if you add strong feedbacks from melting ice, permafrost and emissions of methane.

Daytime in situ warming experiments suggest high vulnerability of endemic succulent (see Glossary) growth forms of the Succulent Karoo to high - end warming scenarios for 2100 (mean 5.5 °C above current ambient temperatures), inducing appreciable mortality in some (but not all) succulent species tested within only a few months (Musil et al., 2005).

Consequently, Working Group 3 of the IPCC finds that the warmest scenarios for the future are also the richest, especially for those societies that are now the poorest.

Not exact matches

«If we do end up with a much warmer - than - normal winter, the bullish scenario for prices would -LSB-...]

Mathieu Flamini vs David Silva The Frenchman hasn't been at his very best in recent times when he has had to warm the benches for long periods and, as and when Arteta breaks down now and then, always finds himself in a catch - 22 scenario of whether he wants to play for his spot in the side or deputize for Arteta efficiently.

In a highly nuanced exchange of ideas, these researchers weighed the various scenarios and laid out a road map for navigating the warmer world to come.

Under the worst - case scenario (RCP 8.5), which assumes that greenhouse gas emissions continue to rise throughout the 21st century, the authors show the potential for extremely large net increases in temperature - related mortality in the warmer regions of the world.

The study used simulations from the Community Earth System Model (CESM) run at the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) and examined warming scenarios ranging from 1.5 degrees Celsius all the way to 4 degrees Celsius (7.2 degrees Fahrenheit) by the end of the century.

Both scenarios offer hopes that beneath Ceres's barren surface there may be regions warm, wet and accessible enough to investigate for signs of past or even present extraterrestrial life.

However, considerable increase in flood risk is predicted in Europe even under the most optimistic scenario of 1.5 °C warming as compared to pre-industrial levels, urging national governments to prepare effective adaptation plans to compensate for the foreseen increasing risks.

ECS is shorthand for the amount of warming expected, given a particular fossil - fuel emissions scenario.

Modelling flood risk in Europe — global warming the biggest influence In the framework of the HELIX FP7 Project, scientists analysed the differences in projected changes in flood risk at country scale under global warming scenarios of 1.5, 2 and 3 degrees from pre-industrial levels, and discussed reasons for the observed outcomes.

A study assesses flood impacts for three scenarios — of 1.5 °C, 2 °C and 3 °C warming — and finds that most of Central and Western Europe will experience substantial increase in flood risk at all warming levels, and the higher the warming, the higher the risk.

In the most extreme scenarios, with the planet warming by almost 10 °C, the oceans could be starved of oxygen for 8000 years.

Including the elevation effects in the model increases the estimated sea - level rise by a small but significant amount (5 % enhancement of melt by 2100 and 10 % by 2200 for a climate warming scenario).

Emerging evidence for variability in the coral calcification response to acidification, geographical variation in bleaching susceptibility and recovery, responses to past climate change, and potential rates of adaptation to rapid warming supports an alternative scenario in which reef degradation occurs with greater temporal and spatial heterogeneity than current projections suggest.

For example, in a simulated world where the atmospheric CO2 levels were double today's values — a scenario many scientists believe likely — models predict that Earth will warm by more than 2 °C.

And this is only a third of what the conservative scenarios are for future warming,» said St. Pierre.

Projections of Future Changes in Climate «For the next two decades, a warming of about 0.2 °C per decade is projected for a range of SRES emission scenariFor the next two decades, a warming of about 0.2 °C per decade is projected for a range of SRES emission scenarifor a range of SRES emission scenarios.

Co-author Dr Eleanor Burke, from the Met Office Hadley Centre, said: «The advantage of our approach is that permafrost loss can be estimated for any policy - relevant global warming scenario.

On the high end, recent work suggests that 4 feet is plausible.23, 3,6,7,8 In the context of risk - based analysis, some decision makers may wish to use a wider range of scenarios, from 8 inches to 6.6 feet by 2100.10,2 In particular, the high end of these scenarios may be useful for decision makers with a low tolerance for risk (see Figure 2.26 on global sea level rise).10, 2 Although scientists can not yet assign likelihood to any particular scenario, in general, higher emissions scenarios that lead to more warming would be expected to lead to higher amounts of sea level rise.

Read more: «World on track for worst - case warming scenario» and «Hope against the odds is mood of NY climate march ``

The IPCC AR4 scenario A1B (21) calls for warming between approx. 2 - 5 deg C by 2100.

To investigate cloud — climate feedbacks in iRAM, the authors ran several global warming scenarios with boundary conditions appropriate for late twenty - first - century conditions (specifically, warming signals based on IPCC AR4 SRES A1B simulations).

«It is ironic that high concentrations of molecules with high global warming potential (GWP), the worst - case scenario for Earth's climate, is the optimal scenario for detecting an alien civilization, as GWP increases with stronger infrared absorption and longer atmospheric lifetime,» say the authors.

«If we assume an optimistic scenario for greenhouse gas emissions — the RCP 2.6 scenario, [see Fact Box] which would result in a warming of about two degrees Celsius — then we can expect an increase in sea level similar to what we see in this video,» says climate modeller Martin Stendel from the Danish Meteorological Institute, Copenhagen.

It also examines the implications of these scenarios for the Paris Agreement's aspirational target of limiting warming to 1.5 C.

«It's pretty convincing stuff: observations and the physical law of energy conversation have been used to show greenhouse gases are responsible for global warming and that alternative scenarios violate this law of nature.

Finally, our simulated AOA for 2020 — 2100 in the RCP2.6 scenario is capable of offsetting warming and ameliorating ocean acidification increases at the global scale, but with highly variable regional responses.

This is being actively investigated for the current human - caused global warming scenario with models and paleoclimate data.

This chemical weathering process is too slow to damp out shorter - term fluctuations, and there are some complexities — glaciation can enhance the mechanical erosion that provides surface area for chemical weathering (some of which may be realized after a time delay — ie when the subsequent warming occurs — dramatically snow in a Snowball Earth scenario, where the frigid conditions essentially shut down all chemical weathering, allowing CO2 to build up to the point where it thaws the equatorial region, at which point runaway albedo feedback drives the Earth into a carbonic acid sauna, which ends via rapid carbonate rock formation), while lower sea level may increase the oxidation of organic C in sediments but also provide more land surface for erosion... etc..

A large ensemble of Earth system model simulations, constrained by geological and historical observations of past climate change, demonstrates our self ‐ adjusting mitigation approach for a range of climate stabilization targets ranging from 1.5 to 4.5 °C, and generates AMP scenarios up to year 2300 for surface warming, carbon emissions, atmospheric CO2, global mean sea level, and surface ocean acidification.

When this model is run with a standard, idealised global warming scenario you get the following result for global sea surface temperature changes.

These fundamental distinctions make scenarios with 2 °C or more global warming far more dangerous; so dangerous, we suggest, that aiming for the 2 °C pathway would be foolhardy.

Accurate answers to this question are subject to data constraints, as neither of the available projection datasets under future climate change scenarios is designed for a 1.5 / 2 °C temperature warming levels.

«For reusable cloth nappies the study states «The baseline scenario based on average washer and drier use produced a global warming impact of approximately 570 kg of carbon dioxide equivalents.»

I get a lot of questions about packing for summer or warm destinations, and will concede that heat is always the most challenging scenario for me (at least for destinations other than beach resorts).

Instead, Director Jonathan Levine (Warm Bodies) cranks the silly dial to» 20» going for the most over the top scenarios.

Scenario 1: Problem, Research, Hypothesis, Predicting Scenario 2: Observations & Inferences, Qualitative & Quantitative Scenario 3: Data, Analysis, Graphs Scenario 4: Variables & Experiment Scenario 5: A Mixture This is PERFECT for science centers, small groups, partners or even could be used as warm ups / exit tickets for the whole class!!

And that scenario — humans and robots competing for the same stretch of asphalt — sounds about as warm and friendly as the official unveiling of ED - 209 in «RoboCop.»

The poles being white reflect heat which is why its critical that we do nt melt the poles more or have black roads) this * is * causing more gloabal warming, white roads would be COOL literally helping to act like the poles... for those of you that understand this PLEASE help promote this idea and you can help now by coating your old tarmac drive with bonded white chippings, start a business doing it, easy cheap startup, loads of demand, you can make as much money doing this as you like, the demand is immense and will grow as the idea catches on) Going back to our oil scenario: These pipelines carry oil to fuel dirty inefficient engines machines that for their 15 year lifespan spew poison gases into our limited atmosphere.

He shows how warming ocean waters gave Hurricane Katrina the added strength to blow right through Florida and on to New Orleans, and he documents worst - case scenarios for accelerated change.

That 0.1 to 0.2 degrees Celsius over the next two decades represents the warming ONLY for the IS92a scenario (under different climate sensitivities).

Although all downscaled temperature trends project a future warming, scenarios for precipitation are more ambiguous.

For the next two decades, a warming of about 0.2 C per decade is projected for a range of SRES emission scenariFor the next two decades, a warming of about 0.2 C per decade is projected for a range of SRES emission scenarifor a range of SRES emission scenarios.

The only problem is adapation for a 4C warmer world may not be adequate for a 5C warmer world — which we (or our progeny) could be seeing by the end of this century in a BAU (or greater than business - as - usual... which is closer to reality) scenario.

Let us suppose for the sake of discussion that there are two possible scenarios: (1) the Arctic continues to warm, and (2) some means is found to cool it down.

For global warming scenarios, additional forcing comes into play: surface warming and enhanced high - latitude precipitation, which will also reduce density of northern surface waters (an effect which alone has shut down deep water formation in some model experiments, e.g. Manabe and Stouffer 1993, 1994).

They might say for example, «Ah yes, run number 12 in GCM model XYZ was a little too warm but that's because real world forcings were a little lower than in the projections — the physics was correct, it was the scenario that wasn't quite right».

Global warming deniers * pull similar dirty tricks with the comparison of global temperature with model projections — for example, by plotting only the tropical mid-troposphere, and by comparing observations with the projections of scenarios which are furthest from reality.