Sentences with phrase «warming sea surface temperatures over»

While consistent with the IPCC assessments of historical warming, it lacks coverage of much of the fast - warming Arctic region and blends surface air temperatures over land with slower - warming sea surface temperatures over the ocean.

They avoid some of the issues in Millar by using more globally - representative surface temperature records, though they still use series that blend surface air temperatures over land with slower - warming sea surface temperatures over the ocean.

Not exact matches

Warm sea surface temperature anomalies persist off to W and SW of San Diego, but are smaller than in previous weeks over the past month.

And a third found that climate - induced sea - surface temperature anomalies over the northeast Pacific were driving storms (and moisture) away from California, but the warming also caused increased humidity — two competing factors that may produce no net effect.

Analyzing data collected over a 20 - month period, scientists from NASA's Goddard Space Flight center in Greenbelt, Md., and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology found that the number of cirrus clouds above the Pacific Ocean declines with warmer sea surface temperatures.

«Sea surface temperatures are getting warmer over the North Atlantic, and are known to fluctuate every 60 to 80 years,» says Majeed.

Kevin Trenbeth, a climate scientist at the National Center for Atmospheric Research in Boulder, Colo., said the study didn't account for changes in sea surface temperatures, which are the main drivers of changes in the position of the rain belts (as is seen during an El Nino event, when Pacific warming pushes the subtropical jet over the Western U.S. southward).

When the AMO is in its positive phase and the sea surface temperatures are warmer, the study has shown that the main effect in winter is to promote the negative phase of the NAO which leads to «blocking» episodes over the North Atlantic sector, allowing cold weather systems to exist over the eastern US and Europe.

In late 2010 and early 2011, the continent Down Under received about twice its normal complement of rain, thanks in large part to unusually warm sea - surface temperatures just north of Australia and a particularly strong La Niña — in essence, combining a source of warm humid air with the weather patterns that steered the moisture over the continent where it condensed and fell as precipitation.

Warming has occurred in both land and ocean domains, and in both sea surface temperature (SST) and nighttime marine air temperature over the oceans.

A study published in the journal Geophysical Research Letters in December found: «The warmer (cooler) the Gulf of Mexico sea surface temperatures, the more (less) hail and tornadoes occur during March — May over the southern U.S.»

Ocean surfaces have warmed considerably over the last few years, and since oceans cover roughly tw0 - thirds of the globe's area, it is reasonable to examine how sea surface temperature evolution has played into the short - term evolution of GMST.

Cooling sea - surface temperatures over the tropical Pacific Ocean — part of a natural warm and cold cycle — may explain why global average temperatures have stabilized in recent years, even as greenhouse gas emissions have been warming the planet.

Soundbite version: «Global warming is expected to increase sea surface temperatures, create a thicker and warmer ocean surface layer, and increase the moisture in the atmosphere over the oceans — all conditions that should lead to a general increase in hurricane intensity and maybe frequency.»

The problem here is that estimates of changes in sea surface temperature and the depth of the warm mixed layer might be very unreliable, since the general behavior of the Atlantic circulation is only now being directly observed — and the most recent findings are that flow rates vary over a whole order of magnitude:

The record - breaking year of 2005 had below - average dust over the Atlantic, very warm sea surface temperatures, and an unprecedented four hurricanes that reached category 5, the highest classification.

Given all the independent lines of evidence pointing to average surface warming over the last few decades (satellite measurements, ocean temperatures, sea - level rise, retreating glaciers, phenological changes, shifts in the ranges of temperature - sensitive species), it is highly implausible that it would lead to more than very minor refinements to the current overall picture.

Seems to me the debate about AGHG global warming and increasing TC frequency / intensity / duration boils down to the fact that as sea surface temperatures, as well as deeper water temperatures rise, the wallop of any TC over warmer seas without mitigating circumstances like wind sheer and dry air off land masses entrained in the cyclone will likely be much more devastating.

So the infilled GISS data, which extends out over the Arctic, would show the greater warming since the 1970s... until the warming stops for Northern Hemisphere sea surface temperatures and for the low - to - mid latitude land surface air temperatures.

Let's compare the warming and cooling patterns for lower troposphere temperatures over the oceans to a spatially complete, satellite - enhanced sea surface temperature dataset, Reynolds OI.v2.

And air temperatures over exposed land surfaces should warm differently than air temperatures over sea ice, especially when open ocean separates them.

And for the period of 1997 to 2012, there are no similarities between the warming and cooling patterns for lower troposphere temperatures over the oceans and the satellite - enhanced sea surface temperature data.

This warming can be seen in measurements of troposphere temperatures measured by weather balloons and satellites, in measurements of ocean heat content, sea surface temperature (measured in situ and by satellites), air temperatures over the ocean, air temperature over land.

We might expect «global warming» (i.e., an increase in average surface air temperatures over a few decades) to lead to a rise in global mean sea levels.

The NINO3.4 index is defined as the average of sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies over the region 5 ° N - 5 ° S and 170 ° -120 ° W. El Niño (a warm event) is considered to occur when the NINO3.4 index persistently exceeds +0.8 °C.

Intense Southwest Florida hurricane landfalls over the past 1000 years Recent research has proposed that human - induced sea surface temperature (SST) warming has led to an increase in the intensity of hurricanes over the past 30 years.

The intense prehistoric hurricanes were fueled in part by warmer sea surface temperatures in the Atlantic Ocean during the ancient period investigated than have been the norm off the U.S. East Coast over the last few hundred years, according to the study.

The sea ice in the Siberian Arctic is peaking, its effect on the meridional temperature gradient strong, promoting increased zonal flow of large - scale winds, which advect warm air and moisture over the Eurasian continent from the Atlantic and disrupt vertical stratification near the surface and promote high cloudiness, both of which lead to increasing temperatures — greatest at low altitudes and high latitudes.

During that same period, average annual rainfall in New South Wales declined by 3.6 inches (92 millimeters).3 Scientists think the decline in autumn rainfall in southeast Australia since the late 1950s may be partly due to increases in heat - trapping gases in Earth's atmosphere.3, 14 Major bushfires over southeast Australia are linked to the positive phase of an ocean cycle called the «Indian Ocean Dipole» — when sea surface temperatures are warmer than average in the western Indian Ocean, likely in response to global warming.15, 16

Since you are a frequent visitor to WUWT, you are well aware that I have illustrated, explained, and animated cause (ENSO) and effect (the warming of sea surface temperatures, ocean heat content, lower troposphere temperatures, and land + sea surface temperatures) in dozens of blog posts over the past 3 1/2 years.

Average air temperature over the land and sea surface was 0.56 degrees Celsius above the long - term average, tied with 2010 as the joint warmest year on record.

This change in sea level occurred in the context of different orbital forcing and with high latitude surface temperature, averaged over several thousand years, at least 2 °C warmer than present.

As evident in the figures the near surface air temperatures are actually warmer over the Arctic Ocean (by over 1 °C in large areas) when the sea ice absorbs solar radiation and transfers some of this energy as sensible heat back into the atmosphere.

Current «cool» phase of the PDO began in late 1998 / early 1999 (certainly not 2008), and when it flipped it generally meant cooler sea surface temperatures along the west coast of N. America but warmer temperatures on average over other other broad regions of the Pacific.

By examining the spatial pattern of both types of climate variation, the scientists found that the anthropogenic global warming signal was relatively spatially uniform over the tropical oceans and thus would not have a large effect on the atmospheric circulation, whereas the PDO shift in the 1990s consisted of warming in the tropical west Pacific and cooling in the subtropical and east tropical Pacific, which would enhance the existing sea surface temperature difference and thus intensify the circulation.

It should come as no surprise that the models did overestimate the warming of the sea surface temperatures of the tropical oceans over the past 30 years.

As he pointed out, a dominant unforced contribution to surface warming relative to forced trends would be expected to be accompanied by a trend of declining OHC, which is inconsistent with the observed trends averaged over the past half century as evidenced by mixed layer temperature measurements and sea level rise.

Sea surface temperature anomalies that persist over many years can be signals of regional or global climate change, such as global warming.

The period of increased warming from 1987 to 1997 loosely coincided with the divergence of the global average temperature anomalies over land, which are derived from observation station recordings, and the global average anomalies in sea surface temperatures.

Over ocean stretches with a positive SST anomaly air convection is higher (as the temperature difference between the warm sea surface and the cool air higher up in the troposphere is greater), so a higher likelihood for the formation of depressions exists and more precipitation is to be expected.

The best way to envision the relation between ENSO and precipitation over East Africa is to regard the Indian Ocean as a mirror of the Pacific Ocean sea surface temperature anomalies [much like the Western Hemisphere Warm Pool creates such a SST mirror with the Atlantic Ocean too]: during a La Niña episode, waters in the eastern Pacific are relatively cool as strong trade winds blow the tropically Sun - warmed waters far towards the west.

They found that averaged sea surface temperatures over the MDR are the best predictor of Atlantic cyclone activity, followed by global average surface temperature, with MDR warming relative to the tropics being the worst predictor of hurricane activity (Figure 1).

Over the same period of time as the upper ocean is supposed to have warmed by some 0.05 C (according to ARGO), the sea surface temperature (HADSST2) has cooled by 0.063 C.

Knowing that global atmospheric temperatures are a lagged response to sea surface temperatures, characterized by the SOI, and that the SOI has moderated over the past decade, indicates that global warming will moderate as well.

Warmer sea surface water can severely damage coral reefs, facilitate algal blooms, and together with warmer air temperature over the oceans, can increase the destructive potential of tropical cyclones and hurriWarmer sea surface water can severely damage coral reefs, facilitate algal blooms, and together with warmer air temperature over the oceans, can increase the destructive potential of tropical cyclones and hurriwarmer air temperature over the oceans, can increase the destructive potential of tropical cyclones and hurricanes.

The last time in Earth history when the global average surface temperature was as warm as the IPCC projects for 2100 in its mid-range scenarios, there was very little polar ice and sea level would have been roughly 70 meters (over 200 feet) higher than at present.

For example over the past winter the Arctic ice cap did see unusually warm surface temperatures, yet Arctic sea ice did not shrink as some would intuitively expect it to do.

But it actually makes sense: El Ninos raise atmospheric temps because a deep pool of warm water in the western Pacific gets spread out over a larger area, raising sea surface temperatures over a big chunk of the Pacific.

It will also include scientifically refuting the apparent falsification of the above «dangerous AGW» hypothesis, which has resulted from the observed «lack of warming» of our planet over the past decade (atmosphere, at both the surface and troposphere since 2001, sea surface temperature since ARGO measurements were installed in 2003), despite record increase in atmospheric CO2, as measured at Mauna Loa, by demonstrating with empirical data where the «missing energy» is hiding.

Over the last month or so warm sea - surface temperature [SST] and upper - ocean heat content anomalies have increased in the near - equatorial central Pacific, while the SST cool tongue in the near - equatorial far - eastern Pacific has weakened, with warm anomalies now evident there.