The authors find that statewide accountability measures fall into one of seven main categories of indicators: achievement indicators, such as proficiency
in reading and mathematics; student growth indicators
in multiple academic subjects; English
language acquisition indicators; early
warning indicators, such as chronic absenteeism; persistence indicators, such as graduation rates; college - and career - ready indicators, such as participation
in and performance on college entry exams; and other indicators, such as access to the arts.