To improve our understanding, we can
watch planets transit spotted stars in multiple wavelength bands to get better constraints on where the starspots are and how much area they cover.
Not exact matches
Kepler
watches for extremely slight dips in the amount of light coming from a star, a possible indication that a
planet is passing across the star's face in what astronomers call a
transit.
The great hope in saving it as a candidate is the Hubble Space Telescope, which could be used to
watch for the putative
planet's next
transit, expected later this month.
Furthermore, chances are slim that Proxima b
transits at all — to see the
planet's shadow we would have to view its orbit essentially edge - on, like
watching the rim of a spinning record on a light - years - distant turntable.
But the way TESS will search for exoplanets is the same as Kepler: The satellite will
watch stars for signs of dimming, which can indicate that a
planet is
transiting, or crossing in front of, the star.
The Kepler spacecraft detects
planets such as Kepler 19 b by
watching them dim the light of their host star as the
planets pass in front, or «
transit.»
Kepler, which will keep a continuous
watch on a patch of stars for more than three years, is better suited to finding
planets like our own in terms of orbital periods as well as other parameters, although it will likely be a few years before it moves from the hot objects it has already discovered to cooler, potentially habitable worlds, whose
transits are subtler and less frequent.
But to astronomers» delight, the short year also means they can
watch the
planet cross in front of its star, or
transit, in less than one Earth day.
More importantly,
watching a
transit lets astronomers determine the
planet's size, giving a clue to its density and composition.
To get a better picture of the newfound world, astronomers would need a complementary observation, such as
watching a partial eclipse (known as a
transit) as the
planet passes in front of its star, or making a precision measurement of the star's side - to - side motion in the sky.
Kepler measures the size of
planets and their distance from stars using a technique known as
transit photometry, in which the telescope
watches for small decreases in the light visible from specific stars, indicating that a
planet has passed in front.
A
transit -
watching telescope like Kepler waits for dips in brightness as a
planet travels in front of its star and blocks a tiny fraction of its light.
Now, a new statistical method that can
watch for many
transiting planets at the same time is being used.
(MCT)-- If you became enthralled by happenings in the sky after
watching last week's solar event, the
transit of Venus in which the
planet treks across the face of the sun, head to the observatories in the following cities for more stargazing.