Sentences with phrase «water at the surface»

There could be eons - old ice deposits buried below ground and newer water at the surface.

Stalagmites (which grow from the ground up) and stalactites (which hang from the ceiling) form when water at the surface seeps through the soil and drips into underground chambers over hundreds or thousands of years.

It also helps that carbon dioxide is more soluble in colder waters, and that the churning winds mix the waters at the surface, allowing the gases to penetrate the waters more easily.

«The separation between the planet and its star is just right for having liquid water at its surface,» says astronomer and team spokesperson Stephane Udry of the Observatory of Geneva in Versoix, Switzerland.

River deposits exist across the surface of Mars and record a surface environment from over 3.5 billion years ago that was able to support liquid water at the surface.

But a mechanistic understanding of how the chemical topology of silica surfaces alter the structure of water at the surface could lead to a rationale design of these processes.

For an Earth - type planet around HD 189733 A to have liquid water at its surface, it would need a stable orbit centered around 0.5 AU — between the orbital distances of Mercury and Venus in the Solar System (with an orbital period around 150 days assuming a stellar mass around 82 percent of Sol's.

In order to be warmed sufficiently have liquid water at the surface, an Earth - type rocky planet would have to be located very close to such a cool and dim red dwarf star like CD - 51 5974.

«These discoveries demonstrate life developed on Earth at a time when Mars and Earth had liquid water at their surfaces,» said Dodd.

Despite the fact that red dwarfs are tiny and dim, many of their planets may still be too hot to be habitable — even those situated within a star system's habitable zone, i.e. the zone in which rocky planets can sustain liquid water at the surface.

In other words, Mars was cold and dry throughout its history and only had abundant liquid water at its surface during short episodes of climate change.

For example, a fish gasping at the water surface indicates it is not getting sufficient oxygen (there is more oxygen in the water at the surface).

It only needs to be denser than other water at the surface.

E.g. El Nino keeps warm water at the surface longer.

Water at the surface that is below the equilibrium temperature will be warmed mainly radiatively until it warms up again.

Addition of fresh water at the surface has the opposite effect.

Studying how that turbulence mixes relatively warm subsurface water with colder water at the surface.

By default, water at the surface does not move (a «slab ocean»), but it is also possible to prescribe ocean heat transport or to take wind - driven ocean heat transport in low latitudes into account through a simple one - dimensional model driven by surface winds.

Without the mixing of the deep water and the water at the surface, oxygen can not reach a depth greater than 300 feet, leaving the waters of the deep either too high in Hydrogen Sulfide, or too low in oxygen to sustain life forms (zambiatourism).

13 Gyres Vertical columns or mounds of water at the surface and flow around them Produce enormous circular currents Five major locations: North Pacific - clockwise South Pacific - counterclockwise Indian Ocean - counterclockwise South Atlantic - counterclockwise North Atlantic - clockwise

The wind affects the water at the surface more than it does the deep water.

Part way there, but no quantitation yet: of the 3.77 W / m ^ 2 radiated back dowwnard, most goes to increased rate of evaporation of the water at the surface, and much less goes to increased mean temp increase at the surface; hence increased rate of non-radiative transfer of heat from surface to upper atmosphere, slight increase in rainfall as hydrological cycle is faster, and slight increase in cloud cover.

For a example, phase change which in the atmosphere mainly concerns evaporation of water at the surface (or boundary between surface and the fluid atmosphere) and condensation in the various layers of the atmosphere leading to cloud formation and precipitation.

The real explanation for the spread of scent of course is basic convection in a fluid medium, with the different weights and effects of the actual scent molecules which is alchohol and water, the alchohol having a triggering effect on water at the surface making it even lighter than air than it usually evaporates.

The cycle starts when saltier, denser water at the surface northern part of the Atlantic, near Iceland, causes the water to sink.

Or if Earth was as dead geologically as Mars for as long as Mars was dead, then Earth would also not have oceans of water at the surface.

And a major reason Mars lacks water at the surface, is owing to Mars being volcanically dead as compared to Earth.

All longwave IR does is vaporize liquid water at the surface.

I wish I could find a better way to spread the cold water at the surface.

This short - term phenomenon consists of a return of the very warm waters at the surface of the equatorial Pacific Ocean.

Not exact matches

The process of fracking involves vertical and horizontal drilling, often for more than 10,000 feet below the surface, followed by the injection of millions of gallons of water, chemicals and sand at high pressures.

For oil and gas companies that want to install drilling and pumping infrastructure there, continuous monitoring of conditions above, below and at the surface of the water will be integral, and right now drones are the only feasibly deployable technology that can collect and relay all that data in a cost - effective manner.

A July 2012 study by researchers at Duke University and California State Polytechnic University at Pomona found that salty water from deep underground could make its way into drinking water near the surface.

At midspan, the height of the top of the roadway surface is +270.9 feet Mean Lower Low Water, which is the average of the lower low water height of each tidal day observed over the National Tidal Datum EWater, which is the average of the lower low water height of each tidal day observed over the National Tidal Datum Ewater height of each tidal day observed over the National Tidal Datum Epoch.

The planets orbit an «ultracool dwarf,» a star much smaller and cooler than the sun, but still possibly warm enough to allow for liquid water on the surfaces of at least two of the planets.

I recall us in our pallor at the stand - offish kibbutz on its narrow shelf of shore past the Qumran scroll mines, how they had fresh water hoses afloat on the surface to wash our mouths and eyes if the clear Mars - gravity water got into them, as we drifted high as triremes.

Then with the hand of your pastor or your friends, sometimes both, at your back your face breaks the surface of the water and you breathe in new life.

We sank beneath the surface to peer up at the sky through the water.

The task of an interpreter is to help the faithful look beyond the surface, to highlight a word here, an image there, to find Christ unexpectedly, to drink at the bountiful spring whose water is ever fresh.

One of [the whale's] peculiarities it is, to have an entire non-valvular structure of the blood - vessels, so that when pierced even by so small a point as a harpoon, a deadly drain is at once begun upon his whole arterial system; and when this is heightened by the extraordinary pressure of water at a great distance below the surface, his life may be said to pour from him in incessant streams.

The point of this «experiment,» as Newton understands it, is as follows: 10 The shape of the surface of the water in the bucket — either flat or concave — is independent of the motion of the water relative to the sides of the bucket — whether at rest or rotating.

1) Sift the flour into a mixing bowl 2) Add the salt to the flour, mixing together 3) Add the olive oil, mixing as you add to ensure the flour envelopes the oil 4) Add warm water bit by bit until dough reaches the right consistency 5) One the dough ready, roll it into a ball, and knead well on a cool, flat surface 6) Flatten the dough with a wooden rolling pin 7) Cut into 10 cm pieces and roll them long enough and evenly 8) Place the pin - shaped dough on a well - greased baking tray 9) Bake in oven at 175 deg cel (medium heat for gas ovens) for 20 -30 minutes or until the sticks are ready (test by breaking off a small piece to check that the inside is well cooked) 10) Allow to cool for 5 minutes before serving

Gently place shaped bagels into the boiling water — as many as can float at the surface at the same time, which for me was 5 bagels.

In a large pot of salted, boiling water, place the pierogies, about 6 at a time, until they float to the surface of the water (about 3 minutes).

At that point the beans will fall to the bottom of the pot and the skins will float near the surface of the water where they can be skimmed off.

At this point, you may notice some foam accumulating on the surface of the water.

Simmer pretzels, one at a time (or two, with smaller pretzels), about 30 seconds each, holding them under surface of water, use a slotted spoon or spatula.

Water drops will dance on the surface, not be turned to steam at once.

1) Mix flour, butter and icing sugar in a bowl using two knives to cut the butter until the mixture resembles fine breadcrumbs 2) Add in the egg yolks and vanilla extracts and mix well, then add iced water until the dough starts to come together 3) Shape the dough into a ball on a cool, flat, floured surface 4) Flatten dough into a disc and then wrap in plastic wrap, and chill in the refrigerator for at least 30 minutes 5) Meanwhile, peel, core and slice the apples into as thin slices as possible 6) Mix sugar and ground cinnamon powder with sliced apples and let it rest for a while 7) Pre-heat oven to 180 deg cel 8) Once dough has chilled, roll pastry dough on a sheet of parchment paper until it has expanded to the size of the tart mold (I used a rough mold the size of a large pizza) 9) Leaving at least an inch of dough free, arrange apple slices by overlapping them slightly in the shape of a circle, starting from the outermost part of the circle, until you reach the inside 10) Fold the edges of dough over the filling and then sprinkle the dough with a bit of sugar 11) Bake for about 40 - 45 minutes, or until the crust is golden brown and the apples are soft 12) Serve warm, with a side of whipped cream or ice cream (optional)

If disinfection takes place at the end of the day, the disinfectant solution should be flushed out with water to avoid leaving any residues that may attack the metal surfaces.