Sentences with phrase «water formation from»

This warming is largely focused on the equatorial and South Atlantic and is driven by a significant reduction in deep - water formation from the Southern Ocean.

Not exact matches

The amount of water needed to hydraulically fracture a well varies greatly, depending on how hard it is to extract oil and gas from each geological formation.

The area underlying Pennsylvania, Ohio and West Virginia is the epicenter of a boom in American natural gas produced through hydraulic fracturing, the process of injecting water, minerals and chemicals underground to free oil and gas from rock formations.

The use of hydrogels dressings is a concept stolen from disciplines such as geriatrics, where patients suffer bed wounds and these water - based polymer matrix dressings are applied to maintain moisture, inhibit scab or crust formation, reduce pain, and enhance epithelial migration for wound repair.

The geological formations, complete with water seeping out from the rock, feel otherworldly.

The Cuomo administration is expected to decide shortly on whether drillers can begin using the controversial technique, which uses high volumes of water mixed with a small amount of chemicals to free natural gas from underground rock formations.

Fracturing a natural gas well requires millions of gallons of water mixed with sand and chemicals to release gas from the shale formation thousands of feet below the earth's surface.

Use of injection wells - sending the flowback water back thousands of feet underground away from aquifers - has been common in more developed shale formations in the South and West.

Humans absorb strontium from local rock formations through water and plant foods, leaving a chemical signature in teeth that approximately maps where these people grew up.

Even before entering the water, we were treated to a view of the fabulous 500 - foot - high rock formation, which looks sphinxlike from one perspective — hence the Spanish name Leon Dormido, or Sleeping Lion — but appears simply as a dramatically cleft vertical island when viewed up close.

Donald Yeomans, who calculates the orbits for near - Earth objects at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory, says that comets flung out from that belt pummeled our planet shortly after its formation and could have left behind water, possibly creating the conditions that allowed Earth to become a cradle for life.

In the atmosphere today, particle formation is dominated almost everywhere by mechanisms where at least three chemical components must come together: apart from the two basic substances, i.e. sulphuric acid and water, these are either ammonia or specific organic compounds such as oxidation products from terpenes.

«By measuring naturally occurring ammonium and iodide in numerous samples from different geological formations in the Appalachian Basin, including flowback waters from shale gas wells in the Marcellus and Fayetteville shale formations, we show that fracking fluids are not much different from conventional oil and gas wastes,» said Jennifer S. Harkness, lead author of the study and a PhD student at Duke's Nicholas School of the Environment.

Similar but larger particles are known to play a role in feeding powerful, fast - moving updrafts of air from the land surface to the atmosphere, creating the clouds that play a central role in the formation of water droplets that fall as rain.

Elevated iodide in surface water can promote the formation of highly toxic byproducts in drinking water when the iodide mixes with the chlorine used to disinfect the water at municipal treatment plants located downstream from oil and gas operations.

There they would be able to observe several important processes — the formation of new seafloor, volcanic eruptions, the movement of nutrients from deep to shallow waters, and earthquakes.

Siding Spring will be the first comet from the Oort Cloud to be studied up close by spacecraft, giving scientists an invaluable opportunity to learn more about the materials, including water and carbon compounds, that existed during the formation of the solar system 4.6 billion years ago.

Beatty believes that when 570 degree Fahrenheit water from thermal vents hits cold, deep ocean currents, several light - producing processes may occur: sonoluminescence from imploding gas bubbles; chemiluminescence from chemical reactions (analogous to fireflies lighting up); crystalloluminescence from the formation of crystal bonds; and triboluminescence from the breaking of those bonds.

Water bug The extinct insect Ephemeropsis is probably the most abundant fossil in the Yixian Formation, a mile - thick layer of sediment containing most of the great finds from Liaoning.

The probable release of water molecules from the hydration layer of ions caused by cluster formation may result in an increased number of degrees of freedom of the system.

It has long been understood that earthquakes can be induced by impoundment of water in reservoirs, surface and underground mining, withdrawal of fluids and gas from the subsurface, and injection of fluids into underground formations.

The IODP team wants to test a leading model for peak ring formation, in which granite from Earth's depths rebounds after a major impact, like water struck by stone, to form a central tower, taller than the crater rim.

Scientists comparing radar images from the Cassini spacecraft with geophysical models say that the three ridges in this image, released yesterday, were created when Titan's gradual cooling after its formation caused partial freezing of the moon's subsurface ocean of water and ammonia.

Mineral deposits in water dripping from the roof of the limestone cave splashed onto the cave floor, and mist from those drip water impacts formed delicate rosette - looking speleothems (cave formations) that the divers called «florets.»

When the ground is frozen above a cave no water seeps into it, making such formations «relicts from warmer periods before permafrost formed,» the researchers wrote in a study published online in Science on 21 February.

«A sort of grand problem in Earth science is to understand the water cycle — evaporation from the ocean, clouds, rain, the formation of ice, the runoff from the land back into the sea,» said Eric Lindstrom, Aquarius program scientist at NASA.

Hu's experiments, for example, show everything from the thickness of ice as it flows over a wing, the heat transfer of individual water droplets as they freeze, the irregular speed of freezing droplets on a wing or blade and the finger - like patterns of ice formation.

Such defective borehole walls can provide a conduit for the methane to move from the shale formation, more than a kilometer underground, to water wells just a hundred meters or so below the surface.

Although ultraviolet light from stars would break apart water molecules, after hundreds of millions of years an equilibrium could be reached between water formation and destruction.

«Changes in tectonic activity may have shaped composition of Panama Canal rocks: Volcanic rock formations indicate a transition from water - bearing to dry, hot magmas over time.»

In the experiment, the water in which the beads are immersed helps prevent the particles from wiggling around and causing the lattice formation to fall apart.

One school of thought was that planets originally formed dry, due to the high - energy, high - impact process of planet formation, and that the water came later from sources such as comets or «wet» asteroids, which are largely composed of ices and gases.

In a commentary published alongside the study, Tara Palmore, MD, notes the need for additional research on the topic: «Hospitals tend to have large, complex waterworks with low - flow areas that produce stagnation and biofilm formation; hot and cold water temperatures that are not well regulated may be ideal for bacterial growth... the work of Cristina et al. is valuable in quantifying the frequency, magnitude, and location of the potential hazard to patients from hospital water in their facilities.

Using the principles behind the formation of sandcastles from wet sand, North Carolina State University researchers have achieved 3 - D printing of flexible and porous silicone rubber structures through a new technique that combines water with solid and liquid forms of silicone into a pasty ink that can be fed through a 3 - D printer.

During the formation of the new phase, the water that surrounds kaolinite is removed from the environment.

It is thought that the formation of this so - called «deep water» helps drive the AMOC, but the first 21 months of data from OSNAP aren't conclusive.

That water gradually corroded the stone, creating a wide variety of speleothem cave formations, rocks made of secondary minerals derived from the original stone.

«If soil formation can not keep pace,» he says, «inundation of wetlands from rising seas will essentially drown these landscapes, and wetlands will convert to open waters.»

The report explains that along with natural gas, production wells in the Azle area of the NEGF can also bring to the surface significant volumes of water from the highly permeable Ellenburger Formation — both naturally occurring brine as well as fluids that were introduced during the fracking process.

Geologists studying a region in the Mexican state of Veracruz have discovered evidence to explain the origin of the Wilcox Formation, one of Mexico's most productive oil plays, as well as support for the theory that water levels in the Gulf of Mexico dropped dramatically as it was separated from the rest of the world's oceans and Earth entered a period of extreme warming.

Van Nieuwenhuise said oil producers long have been puzzled about the Wilcox Formation's appearance in the Gulf's deeper waters, hundreds of miles from where it appears onshore.

«Herschel has offered us a new view of the hitherto hidden universe, pointing us to a previously unseen process of star birth and galaxy formation, and allowing us to trace water through the universe from molecular clouds to newborn stars and their planet - forming discs and belts of comets,» ESA's Herschel project scientist Göran Pilbratt said in a statement.

In a first step, the water - soluble toxin assembles at the target cell surface around this core design, which makes the cell unable to repair the damage resulting from aerolysin pore formation.

By Year 1.1 billion, deep - sea hematite - bearing rock found in the Marble Bar chert formation of northwestern Australia indicates that iron - rich water gushed from volcanically heated seafloor vents were able to mix with cooler oxygen - rich seawater (Ohmoto et al, Nature Geoscience, March 15, 2009; PSU press release, and in EurkaAlert; and Sid Perkins, ScienceNews, April 11, 2009).

This new finding is important because it's one of the first exoplanets in this mass range that lies beyond the «snow line» — the distance during formation of a planetary system beyond which ice can form from water, ammonia, and methane.

«The DIC lakes are situated within bedrock troughs in mountainous terrain, exist at temperatures well below the pressure - melting point, do not receive surface meltwater input, and likely consist of hypersaline water derived from dissolution of a surrounding salt - bearing geological formation,» the researchers reported.

In the abyssal realm, seafloor habitats under areas of deep - water formation (e.g., those in the North Atlantic and Southern Oceans) could experience a maximum decline in O2 concentration of 0.03 mL L — 1 by 2100 (i.e., a 0.5 % drop from current levels; Tables 2, 3; Figures 2, 3).

Yet, through differences in its formation and evolution Venus has become a world with a surface and atmosphere astonishingly different from Earth: entirely devoid of water, lacking plate tectonics and its ability to bury CO2 and stabilize its, Venus's thick CO2 atmosphere traps the incoming solar radiation and heats up to about 740 K (464 C).

AquaVial is available from AquaBSafe.com and detects disease - causing bacteria like Salmonella, Staphylococcus aureus, E coli, Pseudomonas Aeruginosa as well as other Pseudomonas and strains which are known to be responsible for water system biofilm formations, and also a number of other bacteria and fungi.

The Sweet orange and blossom water helps remove toxins from the skin and promotes collagen formation to help firm the skin.