Sentences with phrase «water formation in»

In a version of the model without Drake Passage the temperature distribution is symmetric about the equator, due in large part to the fact that the meridional overturning in the ocean is symmetric about the equator with deep water formation in both hemispheres.

It has been fairly well understood for quite some time that reduced deep water formation in the North Atlantic (due to freshening surface waters) will not plunge Europe into a new Ice Age.

Most LGM simulations with coupled models shift the deep - water formation in the North Atlantic southward, but large differences exist between models in the intensity of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation.

Martinson, D. G. in Deep Convection and Deep Water Formation in the Oceans (eds Chu, P. C. & Gascard, J. C.) 37 — 52 (Elsevier Oceanography Series, 1991).

If there is deep - water formation in the final steady state as in the present day, the ocean will eventually warm up fairly uniformly by the amount of the global average surface temperature change (Stouffer and Manabe, 2003), which would result in about 0.5 m of thermal expansion per degree celsius of warming, calculated from observed climatology; the EMICs in Figure 10.34 indicate 0.2 to 0.6 m °C — 1 for their final steady state (year 3000) relative to 2000.

Fresh inflows reduces bottom water formation in the north Atlantic.

In RCP2.6, there is a complete recovery of the Atlantic overturning stream function by the year 2500 while with scenario RCP8.5, the E2 - R climate model produces a complete shutdown of deep water formation in the North Atlantic.

Orbitals, bottom water formation in the northern Atlantic and runaway ice feedbacks is a more likely chain of causality at a 100,000 year cycle.

Thus it appears that disruption of deep water formation in the North Atlantic, via a blob of colder fresher water coming off of Greenland, would not «shut down» or even affect the Gulf Stream net mass transport at all, but instead would shift its northern return flow southwards, with many severe regional consequences.

Vertical diffusion is slower, but happens over most of the oceans, while downward advection of anomalously warm water happens in fewer spots but is faster (the North Atlantic, «Mode» water formation regions north of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current, shelf water formation in Antarctica).

For global warming scenarios, additional forcing comes into play: surface warming and enhanced high - latitude precipitation, which will also reduce density of northern surface waters (an effect which alone has shut down deep water formation in some model experiments, e.g. Manabe and Stouffer 1993, 1994).

Not exact matches

The EPA fracking study was commissioned in 2010 by the US Congress and stands as the most comprehensive review of the controversial mining technique, which releases natural gas by injecting a high - pressure mixture of water, sand, and chemicals into rock formations deep below ground.

The area underlying Pennsylvania, Ohio and West Virginia is the epicenter of a boom in American natural gas produced through hydraulic fracturing, the process of injecting water, minerals and chemicals underground to free oil and gas from rock formations.

Once the shale rock formations are injected with water and chemicals, it is the proppant (normally treated sand) that keeps the newly formed cracks open after they are made in the rock.

Is it «immoral» for the religious to believe in an afterlife once one dies after living a most perplexing life here upon a planet that has manifested millions upon millions of multi-diversities in living embolisms of Life sustaining forms and formations that permeate the grounds and the waters and the air?

If any sugar splashes onto the sides of the saucepan, use a pastry brush soaked in water to dilute any crystal formation.

I found the addition of a tiny amount of water invaluable in dough formation.

Nwakali is a forward or wing player, nothing like kante and Ramsey is a squad player for me not first team quality, if Carzola is fit, him and xhaka would be a mouth watering fit but with Arsenals Injurie luck this seems inlikely but i wounder if the five at the back would work if we play a stubborn team that defends, i hope Arsene would change the formation in such games back to 4 -2-3-1 but this would require a proper rght wing which we havent had in years, we've had OX, Campell, Wallcot, Iwobi, Ramsey, Welbeck and Ozil play in that position and non of them have made it their own like sanchez has with the left wing

Average position diagrams do not give a water - tight representation of a team's formation — which is necessarily in a constant state of flux — but they do offer useful insights into basic shape.

If you notice your windows looking misty and water dripping on the inside, same with your mirrors, a coating of moisture on your furniture and formation of mold or mildew in the corners of your wall, then you do have excessive moisture.

Meanwhile, the governor's own formation of a rapid response team to handle water quality issues when they arise was called «a start» but the report embraced a independent entity to oversee water quality issues based on a similar agency in New Jersey.

Fracking, as the technique is known, is the use of chemical - laced water injected deep underground to create fissures in underground rock formations and release natural gas and oil.

On a sunny Saturday, he surveyed the site with Johnson, a Dutchess County educator, photographer, and water consultant who has researched rock formations in Peru, Chile, and the southwestern U.S.

Use of injection wells - sending the flowback water back thousands of feet underground away from aquifers - has been common in more developed shale formations in the South and West.

In her doctoral research, she is investigating - more generally — biofilm formation and how plastic materials influence microbial processes in potable wateIn her doctoral research, she is investigating - more generally — biofilm formation and how plastic materials influence microbial processes in potable watein potable water.

Ellsworth: The change has been when water begins to be injected in virgin formations, places where no perturbations have happened before.

Humans absorb strontium from local rock formations through water and plant foods, leaving a chemical signature in teeth that approximately maps where these people grew up.

Oil and gas companies developing fields in Pennsylvania, Ohio, Texas, Louisiana, Arkansas and North Dakota rely on a process called hydraulic fracturing, which produces natural gas by blasting water and chemicals into energy - rich rock formations deep underground.

The formation of ice in the air depends on water molecules latching together in a very specific hexagonal pattern that resembles three - dimensional chicken wire.

They play an important role in the formation of new sea ice and deep water.

The researchers do know that the presence of certain aerosols plays a large role in the formation of ice that leads to precipitation, but they also need to tease out the importance of that with other factors, like the amount of available water vapor and vertical storm winds.

Next year, the team will install seismometers to listen in on the flow of water through and beneath the ice, and to crevasse formation.

Von Issendorff and his colleagues expect their findings will fine - tune models that explain and predict cloud formation and climate, atmospheric chemistry, and the evolution of water - rich objects in outer space, such as fledgling comets.

«This study showed that intrinsic colloids formed by interactions between soluble Cerium (Ce) and carbonates significantly increase the mobility of Ce injected into a carbonate rock fracture,» explains BGU Zuckerberg Institute for Water Research Director Prof. Noam Weisbrod, Ph.D. «The formation of intrinsic colloids, if not accounted for, could result in the under prediction of radionuclide migration through fractures in fine - grained carbonate bedrock, such as chalk.»

That lid of low - density water shut off the formation of deep water in the Atlantic.

For canyon formation driven by variations in water level, look to Lake Powell.

In the atmosphere today, particle formation is dominated almost everywhere by mechanisms where at least three chemical components must come together: apart from the two basic substances, i.e. sulphuric acid and water, these are either ammonia or specific organic compounds such as oxidation products from terpenes.

Water droplets and ice crystals in the atmosphere condensed on the infusion of dust particles and settled into pouch - like formations due to wind currents.

To free the gas trapped in the Marcellus and other shale formations, drillers pump millions of gallons of water mixed with sand and chemicals deep underground under pressure.

Because a hurricane cools surface water, it discourages the formation of later storms in its wake, providing a form of negative feedback that limits the hurricane merging effect.

«By measuring naturally occurring ammonium and iodide in numerous samples from different geological formations in the Appalachian Basin, including flowback waters from shale gas wells in the Marcellus and Fayetteville shale formations, we show that fracking fluids are not much different from conventional oil and gas wastes,» said Jennifer S. Harkness, lead author of the study and a PhD student at Duke's Nicholas School of the Environment.

Similar but larger particles are known to play a role in feeding powerful, fast - moving updrafts of air from the land surface to the atmosphere, creating the clouds that play a central role in the formation of water droplets that fall as rain.

Cloud formations made of ammonia, hydrocarbons and water swirl in a frigid soup of hydrogen and helium.

Sean McCoy, an engineer at Carnegie Mellon University, said that the stability of stored gas increases over time because C02 dissolves in briny water and eventually forms solid carbon formations, making it less likely to creep back up the surface.

«Water plays a key role in the formation of the planet,» Bagenal says.

Elevated iodide in surface water can promote the formation of highly toxic byproducts in drinking water when the iodide mixes with the chlorine used to disinfect the water at municipal treatment plants located downstream from oil and gas operations.

If this kind of icy meteorite brought water to Earth late in the planet's formation, then the isotopes inside them should match the isotopes in Earth's mantle.

In this study, the research group focused on the process of photoinduced bond formation between gold (Au) ions dissolved in wateIn this study, the research group focused on the process of photoinduced bond formation between gold (Au) ions dissolved in watein water.

What they found, Hansen says, is that melting ice sheets in Greenland and Antarctica could inject enough fresh water into the seas to slow the formation of two key water masses: the North Atlantic Deepwater and the Antarctic Bottom Water formatwater into the seas to slow the formation of two key water masses: the North Atlantic Deepwater and the Antarctic Bottom Water formatwater masses: the North Atlantic Deepwater and the Antarctic Bottom Water formatWater formations.

«Given that atmospheric rivers over the Atlantic and Pacific oceans appear as coherent filaments of water vapor lasting for up to a week, and that Lagrangian coherent structures have turned out to explain the formation of other geophysical flows, we wondered whether Lagrangian coherent structures might somehow play a role in the formation of atmospheric rivers,» said study coauthor Vicente Perez - Munuzuri, a physicist at the University of Santiago de Compostela in Spain.