Why are any changes in (imbalances of) deep
water formation so critical?
Not exact matches
Dana Marzillo, who was at Community Park with his wife, Barbara, and son, Eric, 2, said the new park — with its
water slides, rock -
formation waterfall, sand play area and more — has great appeal for Eric but less
so for his 12 - year - old stepbrother, Chris Vassler, who «got a little bored with it.»
Aerosol particles influence Earth's climate through cloud
formation: Clouds can only form if
so - called cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) are present, which act as seeds for condensing
water molecules.
Such defective borehole walls can provide a conduit for the methane to move from the shale
formation, more than a kilometer underground, to
water wells just a hundred meters or
so below the surface.
It is thought that the
formation of this
so - called «deep
water» helps drive the AMOC, but the first 21 months of data from OSNAP aren't conclusive.
My inclination for science increased during high - school, thanks to spectacular experiments in the chemistry laboratory —
so many different thoughts on nature and behaviour of matter: the replacement of a metal by another in the reaction of iron and copper sulfate, the
formation of a visible solid by the combination of two liquid solutions with the
formation of a precipitate and the violent reaction of alkali metals with
water were some of the things that impressed me in those days.
The rock
formations are stunning and the
water is
so crystal clear.
(In some areas the
water is
so hard it is known to contribute to kidney and bladder stone
formation in both people and pets.
I state that I am not an advocate of raw food or freeze - dried raw food, but Nature's Variety Instinct is a different approach, since this formula doesn't need you to add
water to the kibble for your cat to enjoy it, the kibble are only coated on raw freeze dry food
so no risk of bacteria
formation.
The Hin Ta and Hin Yai rock
formation is also in close proximity to a breathtaking pristine beach, its turquoise blue
water so clear that you can see the marine life beneath by just looking at it.
The ocean floor has a maximum depth of 30 feet,
so both divers and snorkelers have the opportunity to swim in
waters teeming with colorful tropical fish of all sizes and types along with beautiful coral
formations.
Many wouldn't think
so but with its sparkling turquoise
waters, its stunning natural landscape
formations, and its warm nights, Turkey is one of the most romantic places in the world.
So a local spike in precipitation releases a lot of heat — but as the heat increases, this negatively affects the vapor - > water transition (precipitation, or raindrop formation), since warm air holds more water then cool air — and so the limit on precipitation vis - a-vis the radiative balance of the atmosphere appear
So a local spike in precipitation releases a lot of heat — but as the heat increases, this negatively affects the vapor - >
water transition (precipitation, or raindrop
formation), since warm air holds more
water then cool air — and
so the limit on precipitation vis - a-vis the radiative balance of the atmosphere appear
so the limit on precipitation vis - a-vis the radiative balance of the atmosphere appears.
There is
so little understanding about how the ocean parses its response to forcings by 1) suppressing (local convective scale) deep
water formation where excessive warming patterns are changed, 2) enhancing (local convective scale) deep
water formation where the changed excessive warming patterns are co-located with increased evaporation and increased salinity, and 3) shifting favored deep
water formation locations as a result of a) shifted patterns of enhanced warming, b) shifted patterns of enhanced salinity and c) shifted patterns of circulation which transport these enhanced ocean features to critically altered destinations.
Not
so much by direct photolysis of
water vapor (not generally a lot of that in the stratosphere), but from CH4, which could build up in a nearly oxygen - free atmosphere, and being largerly of biotic origin, with the H coming from photosynthesis (releasing O); O2 buildup itself was delayed because of geologic O2 sinks (in particular, the conversion of ferrous Fe (naturally present in the crust and mantle and which can dissolve in the oceans) to ferric Fe (precipitates out of the
water, the source of banded - iron
formations, which humans have used to get Fe).
(
Water is more dense when it is salty — fresh water will float above salt water, so if the North Atlantic is freshened, the formation of NADW could be suppres
Water is more dense when it is salty — fresh
water will float above salt water, so if the North Atlantic is freshened, the formation of NADW could be suppres
water will float above salt
water, so if the North Atlantic is freshened, the formation of NADW could be suppres
water,
so if the North Atlantic is freshened, the
formation of NADW could be suppressed.)
The blue curve shows an early decrease already in the 19th century, which Thornalley and colleagues attribute to an earlier warming at the end of the
so - called «Little Ice Age», when the inflow of meltwater could have slowed the
formation of deep
water in the Labrador Sea.
I believe that the
formation of peat deposits is very well understood and involves the dead wood falling into an anaerobic (no oxygen) environment, (eg stagnant
water)
so that the general equation C+O 2 — > CO2 can not take place.
On the other hand, there are many > hundreds, if not thousands, of publications by dendrochronologists > implicitly claiming that they do understand the biology of wood
formation, > as they have used their data to imagine when past regimes of
water, > temperature, pollutants, CO2, soil nutrients, and
so forth existed.
The extent of Bering Sea ice cover this year has
so far exceeded that of the previous two years, he added, because the extraordinary and record - setting low sea - ice
formation of the past two winters mainly were due to a couple of short - term factors: a strong El Nino and an unusually persistent warm -
water mass in the north Pacific commonly called «The Blob.»
On the other hand the projected positive feedbacks you support, which are COMPLETELY theoretical, depend on the LEAST understood aspects of the affect of
water vapor and cloud
formation,
so the strong feedbacks PROJECTED are the least dependable, while the «OBSERVATIONS» used by Lindzen, Spencer, and others, support the lower estimates of climate sensitivity.
These effects are relatively well understood in the lowest level of the atmosphere, the troposphere, where increased warming leads to greater evaporation, causing more
water vapour and
so further warming, although this is offset to some extent through the
formation of clouds that reflect incoming sunlight back into space.
To summarise the arguments presented
so far concerning ice - loss in the arctic basin, at least four mechanisms must be recognised: (i) a momentum - induced slowing of winter ice
formation, (ii) upward heat - flux from anomalously warm Atlantic
water through the surface low ‐ salinity layer below the ice, (iii) wind patterns that cause the export of anomalous amounts of drift ice through the Fram Straits and disperse pack - ice in the western basin and (iv) the anomalous flux of warm Bering Sea
water into the eastern Arctic of the mid 1990s.
So, the physics should condense to a very simple relationship, if you put the intensive factor f * -LRB-(570-80/490) into equation 4 the fraction becomes dimensionless, where f is Fractional part of ice /
water in system, f = 1 assuming all
water is converted to ice in the ascending wall, it would place a break to maximum wind speed but also slow down the hurricane rate of
formation.