By Michael Greshko National Geographic, 01.11.18 At sites across the midsection of Mars, scientists have found layers of
water ice buried mere feet beneath the red planet's... Read More
At sites across the midsection of Mars, scientists have found layers of
water ice buried mere feet beneath the red planet's surface.
Golombek helped SpaceX whittle its list to a handful of sites, including Arcadia Planitia and Deuteronilus Mensae, which show signs of having pure
water ice buried beneath a thin layer of soil.
The Viking landers saw water frost on rocks, the Phoenix lander found
water ice buried centimeters beneath the soil, and the Curiosity rover has rolled through an ancient riverbed.
Not exact matches
This tidal energy produces more than enough internal heat to create a global
water ocean, possibly as thick in places as 50 kilometers,
buried under an outer layer of
ice a few kilometers thick.
There could be eons - old
ice deposits
buried below ground and newer
water at the surface.
At the same time, thermistors
buried several meters into the
ice at the AMIGOS site recorded a pulse of warmth — suggesting that
water from snowmelt was percolating down.
The Shallow Radar experiment will peer 30 feet or more below the Martian surface to detect
buried water ice; another instrument, an infrared radiometer, will monitor dust storms and other atmospheric disturbances.
The sun's heat causes
buried ices of
water, carbon dioxide, and other molecules to burst forth in diffuse jets of gas and dust.
She devoured papers on glaciology, memorized equations that dictated how deeply
buried water and
ice flow under pressure, and peppered Blankenship's team with questions about how
ice works on our own planet.
In the middle of Lake Huron, however, such lanes could have been
buried when lake
water levels rose rapidly about 7,500 years ago, after the end of the last
ice age.
Schmidt's work suggests that
water within Europa's
ice shell, and perhaps in the
buried ocean, could be teeming with microbes — a development that has vaulted the intriguing moon into position as the next stop in the search for extraterrestrial life.
Water ice can survive within the asteroid belt, although only at the outskirts or if
buried deep enough within a large enough asteroid to be shielded.
The craft is designed to dig into the cementlike layer of
ice that researchers believe lies
buried a few inches below the surface in the planet's polar regions, scanning for signs of past liquid
water and organic compounds, the carbon - rich molecules that make life on Earth possible.
The team found traces of hot - spring dwelling bacterial DNA in
ice above Antarctica's Lake Vostok, a
buried body of
water as large as Lake Ontario.
But there's liquid
water elsewhere in the solar system; it's
buried under thick sheets of
ice on moons,» Francis Nimmo, a planetary scientist with the University of California at Santa Cruz, told Discovery News.
It also would be far easier to get a
water sample from Enceladus, which has plumes of
water vapor,
ice and particles shooting more than 300 miles off its surface, than from other moons, such as Jupiter's Europa, where a massive ocean is believed to be
buried beneath a thick icy crust.
Much of Mars» past
water seems to now be
buried as
ice, while more was gradually lost to space over time as the atmosphere thinned.
a) Satellite image showing fast disintegration of sea
ice over a polar continental shelf; b) Zoobenthos on an Antarctic continental shelf; c) Examples of sea mosses (specimens on the left are from an open -
water location and hence have had more plankton to feed on); and d) Dead bryozoan and other benthic skeletons covering the seabed, most likely to be
buried, sequestering their blue carbon in the seabed.
NASA and the USGS have used MRO instruments to analyze the vertical structure and thickness of
buried ice sheets, which preserve a detailed record of the Red Planet's past and could provide future human explorers with an easily - accessible
water supply.
Using its three main science instruments, Odyssey has mapped the global distribution of many minerals and chemical elements across the Martian surface, found evidence of large amounts of
buried water ice near the planet's poles and measured the radiation environment in low Mars orbit, which could help NASA plan out future manned missions to the Red Planet.
«This deposit is probably more accessible than most
water ice on Mars, because it is at a relatively low latitude and it lies in a flat, smooth area where landing a spacecraft would be easier than at some of the other areas with
buried ice,» researcher Jack Holt of the University of Texas said in a statement.
With the rising levels of BPA and other plastic chemicals found in our groundwater, ocean
water, and even
buried under 30 feet of
ice at the south pole, experts warn that these chemicals may be contributing to the rising health problems we are seeing worldwide.
The
water ice counteracts the traditional danger of living above ground by serving as a radiation barrier, offsetting fears of solar exposure that have, until now, projected Martian architecture into a dark underworld —
buried beneath a regolithic surface that is believed to contain perchlorates, gypsum and other substances hazardous to human life.
Water as a Radiation Shield By taking advantage of
water -
ice's ability to filter the sun's rays and protect against radiation,
ICE HOUSE prioritizes a life above ground and celebrates the human presence on the planetary surface.
A British engineering team went to Antarctica this October for the first stage of a scientific mission to collect
water and sediment samples from a lake
buried beneath three kilometres of solid
ice, and attempt to uncover clues about the evolution of life on Earth and other planets, and about the Earth's past climate.
The researchers do not yet know whether the draining
water is increasing glacial flow, and nor can they be sure how many such depressions in the Greenland
ice mask
buried meltwater storage tanks.