Sentences with phrase «water ice on the surface»

Combining high resolution images and infrared spectra collected during the probe's approach, a team of nearly two dozen scientists pinpointed three patches of water ice on the surface of the comet's «upper» half.

In 2008, however, Andrew Rivkin of Johns Hopkins University in Laurel, Maryland, and Joshua Emery of the SETI Institute in Mountain View, California, found hints (pdf) that the asteroid 24 Themis, which sits in the main asteroid belt between Mars and Jupiter, could have water ice on its surface.

«Quaoar, a large body in the Kuiper Belt, has crystalline water ice on its surface, yet conditions there should favour amorphous ice.»

TRAPPIST - 1f, g and h seem to have thin atmospheres and could potentially harbor water ice on the surface.

Not exact matches

The new system could potentially supply the power human crews on the Martian surface would need to energize habitats and run processing equipment to transform resources such as ice on the planet into oxygen, water and fuel, NASA said.

but today, on the surface, the water and ice will kill you fast.

1) Mix flour, butter and icing sugar in a bowl using two knives to cut the butter until the mixture resembles fine breadcrumbs 2) Add in the egg yolks and vanilla extracts and mix well, then add iced water until the dough starts to come together 3) Shape the dough into a ball on a cool, flat, floured surface 4) Flatten dough into a disc and then wrap in plastic wrap, and chill in the refrigerator for at least 30 minutes 5) Meanwhile, peel, core and slice the apples into as thin slices as possible 6) Mix sugar and ground cinnamon powder with sliced apples and let it rest for a while 7) Pre-heat oven to 180 deg cel 8) Once dough has chilled, roll pastry dough on a sheet of parchment paper until it has expanded to the size of the tart mold (I used a rough mold the size of a large pizza) 9) Leaving at least an inch of dough free, arrange apple slices by overlapping them slightly in the shape of a circle, starting from the outermost part of the circle, until you reach the inside 10) Fold the edges of dough over the filling and then sprinkle the dough with a bit of sugar 11) Bake for about 40 - 45 minutes, or until the crust is golden brown and the apples are soft 12) Serve warm, with a side of whipped cream or ice cream (optional)

Then, just as the surface gets too bad, out comes a bucket brigade; water on the ice supposedly lessens the friction.

A cubic yard of air contains hundreds of thousands of microscopic specks, but only about one in a million possesses the exact molecular geometry that will organize water molecules on its surface to spawn an ice crystal.

A little mineral crystal can act as a template, coaxing water molecules on its surface to organize into the hexagonal lattice of an ice crystal.

In areas that are both bright and cold, water ice may be present on the surface as frost.

The density of the mammoth main - belt asteroid Ceres suggests it contains a large amount of water ice, but no clear - cut sign of ice has been found on its surface.

Water ice is present on the surface of Comet Tempel 1, suggest observations from NASA's Deep Impact mission.

On the nanometer scale, we observed the coexistence of ordered surface water and crystallite - like ice structures, evident in the superposition of Bragg spots and Debye - Scherrer rings.

The new observations suggest water ice, mixed with organic molecules, is «widespread on the surface of the asteroid», Humberto Campins of the University of Central Florida in Orlando reported at a meeting of the American Astronomical Society's Division of Planetary Sciences in Fajardo, Puerto Rico, last week.

Today the small amount of water detected on the planet is locked in the polar ice caps, but recently discovered geological features suggest liquid water once flowed on its surface.

Alice also documented a surprising lack of exposed water ice on the comet's surface and identified an extremely volatile, unexpected gas in the comet's atmosphere — molecular oxygen.

«We are in awe that an animal that spends most of its time on the surface of sea ice could swim constantly for so long in water so cold.»

On Pluto, a slurry of nitrogen and water ice melted by subsurface heat stands in for lava, the team suggests, freezing solid once it is exposed at the surface.

Another explanation is cryovolcanism, in which ice and water are forced out of the surface by processes similar to those that drive magma volcanoes on Earth.

In 2005, NASA's Cassini spacecraft spied jets of water ice and vapor erupting into space from fissures on Enceladus, evidence of a salty ocean beneath the saturnian moon's placid icy surface.

(Size will depend on the size of your bowl and the size of your ice cubes — they will need to be big enough for of them to hold two ice cubes on its surface and for both of them to stick out of the water.)

Even though density measurements suggest that Ceres is roughly one third water by weight, water ice should rapidly sublimate away into space on the dwarf planet's airless, sun - soaked surface, so its absence at first would seem to be no surprise.

Last year the Herschel Space Observatory detected wisps of water vapor around the dwarf planet, and since its arrival at Ceres, Dawn has imaged oodles of highly reflective bright spots on the Cereian surface that may be sites of exposed water ice.

According to recent calculations, the upper limit on the present amount of water on the Martian surface is 800,000 to 1.2 million cubic miles, or about 1.5 times the amount of ice covering Greenland.

During its five - plus months on the Red Planet, the robot verified the presence of ice water below the Martian surface (the Mars Odyssey orbiter first spotted water there in 2002).

While that water could initially come from Earth, it could later come from water ice frozen on asteroids, in shadowed regions of the moon's surface, from possible sources on Mars» two moons, or from Mars itself.

These planets in the habitable zones of their stars, while able to support liquid water on their surfaces, develop in dry environments and need to have ice sent in from farther out.

But last year, Arrigo and his team noted a proliferation of pools of water, known as melt ponds, on the surface of the Chukchi Sea ice, which were also a few meters thinner than in past years.

Untersee is a good model for Mars, he says, because it is supplied by subglacial melt — water that accumulates at the bottom of an ice pile — rather than from surface melting, which does not occur on Mars.

But the water's source — whether melting ice, rainfall, or groundwater — and its duration on the surface are still open questions.

Using spectral readings from telescopes at the Keck Observatory in Hawaii, Hand has found high levels of oxidative chemicals such as sulfate, oxygen, sulfur dioxide and hydrogen peroxide on Europa's surface, which are produced as ionizing radiation from Jupiter scours it, splitting apart water molecules and sulfur compounds in the uppermost layers of its ice.

Rime forms when droplets of water vapor deposit directly as ice on surfaces.

A protein on the cell surface of P. syringae binds water in a way that mimics the structure of an ice crystal, and this helps start the transformation of cold water into ice.

Titan has diverse, carbon - rich chemistry on a surface dominated by water ice, as well as an interior ocean.

It's unclear whether this year's strong El Niño event, which is a naturally occurring phenomenon that typically occurs every two to seven years where the surface water of the eastern equatorial Pacific Ocean warms, has had any impact on the Arctic sea ice minimum extent.

Astronomers have known about Europa's biological trifecta for almost two decades, yet there have always been doubts: For Europa to support life, the vital molecules on the surface need to mix with the water and energy below, and there is a giant slab of ice lying in between.

There is probably water - ice at depth on Pluto, but the surface ice is a mixture of frozen methane, ethane, carbon monoxide and nitrogen.

New research shows how a layer of water on the surface of ice — even at temperatures well below freezing — can influence everything from the slipperiness of a skating rink to the electrification of thunderclouds

Water droplets have a tough time gaining purchase on the roughed - up surface, boosting its ability to resist ice formation fourfold over that of «naked» aluminium.

The study marks the first time that human influence on the climate has been demonstrated in the water cycle, and outside the bounds of typical physical responses such as warming deep ocean and sea surface temperatures or diminishing sea ice and snow cover extent.

Signs of repeated ice - and snow - melt in a mid-latitude gully may point to the most recent water activity on the Red Planet's surface

The craft is designed to dig into the cementlike layer of ice that researchers believe lies buried a few inches below the surface in the planet's polar regions, scanning for signs of past liquid water and organic compounds, the carbon - rich molecules that make life on Earth possible.

They found, as expected, that one part of an InaZ protein on the bacteria's surface arranges water molecules into an orderly formation — getting them prepped to form ice.

In 2005, while exploring the Saturn system, the Cassini spacecraft made a startling discovery: Cryovolcanoes on Enceladus were spewing jets of water vapor and ice into space, possibly from a liquid water source beneath the surface.

Beneath the hydrocarbon seas on the surface, under a shell of water ice, lies salty liquid water.

The research shows that volcanic eruptions beneath a glacial ice sheet would have created substantial amounts of liquid water on Mars's surface around 210 million years ago.

In addition to water, organic molecules, which could have been deposited on the surface by crashing comets, somehow would have to get through the thick shells of ice for life to form, a situation that puts Saturn's geyser - spewing moon Enceladus at the top of Nimmo's list of potential spots for life.

It is theorized that the process may be similar to what happens on comets, when water vapor lifts tiny particles of dust and ice off the surface.

Most of the images from Rosetta have been in black & white, so these colour ones are a nice change and show incredible detail, including patches of water ice on the rocky surface.