Sentences with phrase «water layers became»

Here, the long time series shows that the surface water layers became up to 1.5 per mill less saline during the measurement period.

Not exact matches

If sunlight must penetrate the dust covering a comet's water ice in order to warm it and produce jets, Sunshine says the Deep Impact findings suggest the ices on such dormant comets may not have run out but merely become sealed — by layers of debris, for example.

Bleach and dye strip away this layer, causing hair to become negatively charged and attract water.

In the dolphin's case, a thin layer of water flows along the body until it becomes chaotic, or turbulent.

The super-hydrophilic coatings can also be made to do exactly the opposite and become «super-hydrophobic» — water - fearing, by adding a second, ultra-thin layer of water - repelling molecules.

Even though many municipal water supplies are treated with chlorine, the top water layer can become a breeding ground for bacteria, algae or waterborne illness, such as giardia and E. coli.

These storms result from the vertical circulation of water in the top layers, leaving large areas where air descends and becomes dry like the Sahara desert, and other areas where water rises to form the thunderstorms.

Even so, photosynthesising microorganisms may need to move during a sudden flare, especially those lifeforms that developed in aquatic environments subject to frequent flares but become more protected by a thicker layer of water overhead if they can move deeper underwater — more discussion below).

The research published in Nature Communications found that in the past, when ocean temperatures around Antarctica became more layered - with a warm layer of water below a cold surface layer - ice sheets and glaciers melted much faster than when the cool and warm layers mixed more easily.

When an icy impact occurred, the impactor's kinetic energy became heat energy, instantly melted some ice, gouged out a crater, and kicked up into Mars» thin atmosphere large amounts of debris mixed with water (liquid, ice crystals, and vapor)-- and complex organic molecules that obviously came recently from life.127 Then, the dirt and salt - water mixture settled back to the surface in vast layers of thin sheets — strata — especially around the crater.

As you descend through this layer of fresh / brackish water you will pass through the mixing zone or halocline into the salt water which instantly becomes crystal clear.

The non-representational imagery serves, as a form of «freedom» and «illegibility» becomes my personal response to the media's claims of «reality» and «fiction» My method, a systematic layering of photographic ink, water, vinyl and oil based paint, produces renderings that are non-objective («representing or intended to represent no natural or actual object, figure, or scene»).

It appears as if the light hitting the water becomes a layer that could be peeled back like skin, revealing the deep suffering to which the artist alludes.

Be thankful that the we are insulated from the huge volume of cold waters that comprise the ocean, because if it ever became far more mixed with the surface layers we would plunge into permanent glaciation.

As rising air temperatures heat up the ocean's surface, this water becomes less dense and separates from the cold dense layer below, which is full of nutrients.

A thunderstorm event might be best depicted as a run - away rising column of air that is becoming progressively warmer than the surrounding air as condensing water vapor yields its heat of vaporization until almost all water vapor has condensed out and then cooling at a rate of 9.8 deg C per 1000 meters, it eventually reaches a warmer layer of air and spreads out like smoke over a ceiling.

The Knudsen layer and a few microns below it (generally down to the penetrative depth of infra red) can become warmer than the rest of the 1 mm deep layer of water below the Knudsen layer.

If we now add water vapor and / or CO2 to the air then temperature of the air layer will become Ta» > Ta due to the absorption of a part of the upward radiation by vapor and / or CO2, which will reduce the heat losses from the surface to the layer since we now have h * (T - Ta»).

The energy is taken from the water faster than it comes up from below so that cooler layer develops and the faster evaporation is the cooler and deeper that subskin layer becomes.

In such events, the oceans become stratified, with warm layers acting as «lid» on deeper, cooler water.

As the climate warmed and water levels receded near the present, the sediment layers became exposed.

Essentially, the study proposes that climate feedbacks could work completely and totally against us, as warm water becomes trapped on top of a layer of colder Antarctic waters due to a near total shutdown in the global ocean conveyor belt, which circulates ocean heat from the coast of Antarctica to Newfoundland.

Callendar suggested that the top layer of the ocean, that interacts with the atmosphere, would easily become saturated with carbon dioxide and that would affect its ability to absorb more, because, he thought, the rate of mixing of shallow and deep oceanic waters was likely to be very slow.

Cover the stained part of the utensil with a thin layer of baking soda and pour a small amount of water on it until it becomes pasty.