Sentences with phrase «water molecules as»

Because of the different intramolecular forces between water molecules as vapor in air, water, and ice, the wavelengths of emission and absorption are shifted; some of the radiation from the water / ice droplets at the top of a cloud can escape to space because the atmosphere above it is transparent at its wavelengths, whereas the same radiation from droplets at the bottom of a cloud will be absorbed and re-emitted in random directions from the droplets above, including back down to the originating droplets.

With the water molecules as quite significant in terms of bogging down the traffic.

Not being absorbed by real world water, visible is not only not capable because of its tiny scale of moving the whole molecule of water into vibration which is what it takes to heat water, but it isn't even able to be absorbed by the electrons of the water molecules as the electrons of the molecules of air absorb it, so water doesn't reflect / scatter visible light on the electrons of molecule level as does air, but gives up and passes it along, and so, visible is transmitted through, also, unchanged, but much delayed.

There is little remittance of Energy form Water Molecules as secondary Photons within the situation the Atmosphere presents them.

The models were run using home - grown software that takes into account the complex interactions between water molecules as well as between ions and water.

They found that the reaction occurs without an energetic push, but the position of the water molecules as they come in to form first «puddles» of water that connect into a film as they grow bigger.

Using single water molecules as atomic markers, the team successfully identified the atomic species of this surface; result that was additionally confirmed by the comparison of simultaneous AFM and STM measurements with the outcomes of first - principles calculations.

The latter approach involves mixing water with nanoparticles that heat up quickly when exposed to sunlight, vaporizing the surrounding water molecules as steam.

He uses a technique called diffusion spectrum imaging, which traces neural connections by following water molecules as they diffuse along axons.

Not exact matches

Measurements of the water vapor and of other molecules, such as carbon monoxide, suggest there is enough gas to feed the black hole until it grows to about six times its size.

When a water molecule is more attracted to the plant, it is pulled towards the plant tissue, but as water molecules are highly attracted to each other the first molecule brings further water molecules with it.

Surface tension holding the water molecules together as they are transported through the plant.

As water evaporates from the leaves and petals of the plant, it «sticks» to other water molecules and pulls that water into the space left behind.

As all the water molecules are clustered around the positively charged sodium cations in a hydrate envelope in this liquid, there are virtually no unbound water molecules left.

For example, instead of using a water - based substance as a basis for its cellular processes, a Martian organism might use hydrogen peroxide, a molecule similar to perchlorate that is abundant on Mars.

A little mineral crystal can act as a template, coaxing water molecules on its surface to organize into the hexagonal lattice of an ice crystal.

Schematic representation of water molecules with a wire - like structure oriented in a single direction in the core of a channel, shown as transparent.

That would be like starting with the Empire State Building and then zooming in close enough to see every individual screw, nut and bolt that holds it together, as well as how individual water molecules flow inside its pipes, while maintaining crystal - clear resolution — not an easy task.

And by extension we regard our kind of matter — atoms, molecules, rocks, water, air, stars and all of the other things that interact with visible light — as the most important kind of matter in the universe.

Dr Russo said: «With this procedure, we have found that what makes water behave anomalously is the presence of a particular arrangement of the water's molecules, such as the tetrahedral arrangement, where a water molecule is hydrogen - bonded to four molecules located on the vertices of a tetrahedron.

«When water freezes slowly, we can think of ice as being built from water molecules the way you build a brick wall, one brick on top of the other,» said Claudiu Stan, a research associate at the Stanford PULSE Institute at SLAC and partner in the project.

These oxygens have a partial negative charge (as in the molecule of water) and the oxygen atom attracts the electrons of the bonds more effectively.

Once the nanoparticles are added and light applied, the water separates into hydrogen and oxygen almost immediately, producing twice as much hydrogen as oxygen, as expected from the 2:1 hydrogen to oxygen ratio in H2O water molecules, Bao said.

Molecules such as proteins are surrounded by water that helps them maintain their structures, but electron microscopy dried up the water.

Back then, Benveniste reported that antibodies could leave a ghostly «memory» in water that made the water behave as if the antibodies were still there, even in solutions so dilute that no antibody molecules were left.

Others develop from certain trace vapours, for example when individual sulphuric acid and water molecules cluster as tiny droplets.

«In a way, one must learn to see things from the molecules» point of view, considering forces such as random thermal motion that one would never consider when building an agricultural water pump or any other mechanical device.»

To identify a truly Earthlike exoplanet with the potential for life, astronomers need to confirm three essential attributes: an atmosphere that contains life - supporting molecules such as oxygen and water, plus a size and mass similar to Earth's.

The trick is, as we mentioned earlier, the ability of water molecules to stick to each other and to other surfaces so strongly.

As one water molecule evaporates through a pore in a leaf, it exerts a small pull on adjacent water molecules, reducing the pressure in the water - conducting cells of the leaf and drawing water from adjacent cells.

This can be thought of as water molecules «stiffening their network» between the various ions.

Aerosol particles influence Earth's climate through cloud formation: Clouds can only form if so - called cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) are present, which act as seeds for condensing water molecules.

As a result, water molecules tend to stick to one another; that adhesion is why water forms rounded droplets on a smooth surface and does not spread out into a completely flat film.

NMR, meanwhile, allows researchers to study biological molecules in a solution, such as water — but its use has generally been limited to relatively small proteins.

«As in our own atmosphere, where ultraviolet sunlight breaks molecules apart, ultraviolet starlight can break water vapour in the atmospheres of exoplanets into hydrogen and oxygen.»

Soaps are useful for cleansing because soap molecules attach readily to both nonpolar molecules (such as grease or oil) and polar molecules (such as water.

The soap molecules also worked better than some conventional soaps in challenging conditions such as cold water and hard water.

We see this in hydrophobic and hydrophilic interactions that propel lipid molecules in water to corral together to form the two - layer membranes that serve as the coatings surrounding cells.

Gas molecules become trapped inside a lattice structure of water, creating a crystal substance known as clathrate that is superficially similar to ice — except this stuff is flammable.

The outside of the doughnut, being hydrophilic, makes the molecule as a whole partially soluble in water.

New experimental technologies, such as terahertz absorption spectroscopy, pave the way for studies of the dynamics of water molecules surrounding biomolecules.

Water molecules can exist as one of two isomers, depending on how the spins of their two hydrogen atoms are orientated: ortho, where the nuclear spins are parallel to one another, and para, where the spins are antiparallel.

The planet soaked up infrared light at several wavelengths in a pattern expected of water molecules, as detailed online today in Nature.

Chemical reactions are used to open a hole in the spheres where water molecules can be injected, before the «cages» are closed, to form a complex referred to as H2O@C60.

Such regions include areas where molecules of water and methanol act as natural amplifiers of radio signals — masers, the radio - wave equivalent of lasers for light waves.

«When a sound field propagates through a liquid such as water, the molecules of the liquid are held together by molecular bonds that are relatively strong.

The smart gel could provide structural rigidity in organs such as the lungs, and can contain small molecules like water or drugs to be transported in the body and released.

To get a different view, astronomer Giovanna Tinetti and her colleagues at the European Space Agency and University College London focused instead on the light grazing the atmosphere of HD 189733 b. Tinetti had predicted that water would absorb more light at the longer wavelength of 5.8 microns (thousandths of a millimeter) than at 3.6 microns, in contrast with other molecules such as methane and ammonia.

Researchers can now study how water behaves when stripped of the hydrogen bonds that normally govern its properties, as well as the molecule's two different «spin» states, which can not be separated when water molecules are en masse.

If it can be developed into a successful technology, the new material might help remove from the water supply small organic molecules such as Bisphenol A (BPA), a byproduct of some plastic manufacturing that has been linked to environmental damage and health risks.