Studies show that
water vapor feedback roughly doubles the amount of warming caused by CO2.
Not exact matches
The
water vapor feedback (a generally positive
feedback)-- there is an
roughly exponential increase in saturation
water vapor pressure with increasing temperature, and the relative humidity (at a given vertical level) overall tends not to change a lot globally, though there will be different regional trends associated with shifting precipitation patterns.
And, since IPCC assumed essentially constant relative humidity with warming to arrive at the
water vapor feedback and it appears that RH decreases with warming (Minschwaner + Dessler 2005, NOAA radiosonde and satellite humidity records), the
water vapor feedback is very likely too high by around 0.3 C to 0.6 C, bringing the overall adjusted ECS to
roughly 0.9 C to 1.2 C.
Studies show that the
water vapor «
feedback loop»
roughly doubles the warming caused by carbon dioxide.
Using
feedback parameters from Fig. 8.14, it can be estimated that in the presence of
water vapor, lapse rate and surface albedo
feedbacks, but in the absence of cloud
feedbacks, current GCMs would predict a climate sensitivity (± 1 standard deviation) of
roughly 1.9 °C ± 0.15 °C (ignoring spread from radiative forcing differences).
Water vapor feedback in climate models is positive mainly because of their
roughly constant relative humidity (i.e., increasing q) in the mid-to-upper troposphere as the planet warms.
When the authors of the paper looked at their general climate models, they discovered that, once they corrected for an El Nino that occurred right after Pinatubo erupted, the model only produced
roughly equivalent cooling if
water vapor feedback was included in the model (Figure 4, to the right).