The Post also reported first result that deep ocean
waters under the glacier are heating up.
Not exact matches
Such shapes form when gas bubbles expand in molten rock that then catastrophically explodes — a feature of violent eruptions involving
water, and which can be seen
under glaciers in Iceland, for example.
Specifically, the paper found that the same
water that has been measured in the fjord is
under the
glacier, lending credence to the idea that the continuity of the
glacier depends on the conditions outside the
glacier in the fjord.
The
glacier is currently experiencing significant acceleration, thinning and retreat that is thought to be caused by «ocean - driven» melting; an increase in warm ocean
water finding its way
under the ice shelf.
For Mars, this meant a thin carbon dioxide atmosphere with what little
water remained trapped in frozen lakebed
glaciers buried
under oxidized iron soil, or in seasonal floes of brine mixed with trace amounts of
water.
Such lakes of
water pool at the bottom of an ice sheet or
glacier, and were known to be scattered
under parts of Antarctica.
Because, and this is the crux of the new paper, scientists have discovered deep channels where warmer
water can flow right
under the
glacier.
I suppose that as the
under side of the
glacier melts, the resulting fresh
water mixes with the adjacent salt
water, making it lighter and causing it to flow upwards along the
under side of the ice.
Scientists used a new technique to see how far
water is intruding
under West Antarctica's Pine Island and Thwaites
glaciers, two of the biggest and most vulnerable
glaciers on Earth.
They found signs that ocean
water is pushing miles deeper
under the ice than we realized in near a location where both
glaciers meet, raising some uncomfortable prospects about how their futures could be intertwined.
Such shapes form when gas bubbles expand in molten rock that then catastrophically explodes — a feature of violent eruptions involving
water, and which can be seen
under glaciers in Iceland, for example, researchers said.
The product is enriched with Mont Blanc
glacier water & hyaluronic acid which should visibly smoothe away wrinkles and fine lines and hydrates the
under eye area for up to 24 hours.
It contains Mont Blanc
glacier water and Hyaluronic acid, which smoothen out the texture of your
under eyes, making them look younger.
Other factors would include: — albedo shifts (both from ice >
water, and from increased biological activity, and from edge melt revealing more land, and from more old dust coming to the surface...); — direct effect of CO2 on ice (the former weakens the latter); — increasing, and increasingly warm, rain fall on ice; — «stuck» weather systems bringing more and more warm tropical air ever further toward the poles; — melting of sea ice shelf increasing mobility of
glaciers; — sea
water getting
under parts of the ice sheets where the base is below sea level; — melt
water lubricating the ice sheet base; — changes in ocean currents -LRB-?)
From my perspective the interesting item you raise with both the Zwally and Jakobshavn effects is the persistent increase in the volume of
water moving
under, over and through these
glaciers.
Alastair notes that increased
water vapour will carry more energy to the surface of the
glaciers, likewise these increased
water flows over, through and
under the
glaciers is also transferring vast amounts of energy into the ice.
IPCC AR4 WG1 SPM says (
under «Fresh
water resources and their management» of «C. Current knowledge about future impacts») In the course of the century,
water suppries stored in
glaciers and snow cover are projected to decline, reducing
water availability in regions supplied by meltwater from major mountain ranges, where more than one - sixth of the world population currently lives.
in a SciAm Item for the fact that a series of
under - the - icesheet Volcanoes were causing the emmisions of large quantities of
water from
under the edge of the
glaciers, where they meet the sea, and the fact that these eruptions were causing rapid advances in the sheets march toward the sea.
A long terms study of a
glacier draining the Grimsvotn volcano
under the Vatnojokull Ice Cap indicate that there is an initial acceleration due to increased basal melt
water pressure, as the flux increasing from the activity.
Bangladesh will be
under water, rural Asia and Latin America will have their fresh
water cut off due to the disappearance of the
glaciers which feed their rivers, the third world will be unable to buy enough food due to widespread drought.
Warm ocean
water plays a significant role in melting glacial ice from below, and a better mapping of Antarctica's and Greenland's landforms beneath the ice suggests that ocean melting of the
glacier fronts may play a more significant role than previously thought as the ice sheets retreat (
under a global warming scenario).
As
glaciers across South America gradually vanish from existence, another key, but often underlooked, source of
water — lakes — are also
under threat.
The rise was caused partly by the simple thermal expansion of sea
water under the influence of global warming, and increasingly by the melting of
glaciers and ice sheets.
Chloride = 31,000 p.p.m. (de-icing agents) trapped
under the ice, is causing the bottom of the ice shelf to thaw, resulting in continuous thinning and acceleration of glacial melt (
under water glacier cutting).
2007/04/19: Nation: China vs. Earth The message is clear: Shanghai
under water, Tibetan
glaciers disappearing, crop yields in precipitous decline, epidemics flaring.
And now, right on cue, comes this article from Isabel Hilton on Guardian Environment http://www.guardian.co.uk/commentisfree/cif-green/2010/jan/20/real-scandal-himalayas in which she states, among other things, that: «Kyrgyzstan, scientists predict, will lose 80 % of its
water supply» [from
glacier depletion] which provokes the following comment from the excellent MrEugenides: «This figure comes from an article Isabel herself wrote on 6 October 2009, quoting a local bureaucrat as saying that
water supplies were
under pressure from a variety of factors from river diversion and increased
water usage to climate change.