Heat would not be choosy
that way about the molecules it cracks.
Not exact matches
The earliest replicator
molecules may have only replicated themselves in a crude and slow
way without the need of proteins (think
about RNA or even the
way crystalization occurs).
It's a
way to think
about the CO2 going into the ocean from the atmosphere, going from the atmosphere back up into the ocean; so I start Dave off at the beginning of the book in a
molecule of alcohol, in a glass of beer, that's where Dave is starting off.
Nanotechnology is the idea that we can create devices and machines all the
way down to the nanometer scale, which is a billionth of a meter,
about half the width of a human DNA
molecule.
The idea of using messenger RNA
molecules as vaccines has been around for
about 30 years, but one of the major obstacles has been finding a safe and effective
way to deliver them.
Transforming data
about the structure of proteins into melodies gives scientists a completely new
way of analyzing the
molecules that could reveal new insights into how they work — by listening to them.
These conformational changes tell experts a great deal
about the
way in which the
molecule fulfills its job.
Gross is most interested in using the imaging technique to ask fundamental questions
about the
way bond type influences the properties of a
molecule.
«We can now ask questions in a more systematic
way about which serotonergic cells and
molecules are important in, for example, pain, sleep apnea or anxiety.»
CFCs are fairly stable
molecules so, once released, they almost always make their
way up into the stratosphere, the layer of the Earth's atmosphere that starts
about 10 - 20 kilometers up (depending on where on Earth you're located).
And really this is a wonderful chemistry story in many
ways as it describes how if you create conditions that you know could have existed, that were plausible to exist, then you watch what comes out of it; and then you ask the next question, «Well then how could, for instance, you know, how could these lipid
molecules we were just talking
about break apart to form new cells?»
«It was known that acute exposure to pyrethroids could lead to immune dysfunction, and that the
molecules they act on can be found in immune cells; now we need to know more
about how longer - term exposure affects the immune system in a
way that increases risk for Parkinson's.»
Diffusion is the process that lets the color spread through tea, but there is
way more to it than that: The motility of
molecules can reveal a lot
about their tasks in the living organism.
One
way to get at these functionally involved
molecules is to reason out which proteins might be necessary for metastasis, given everything we know
about the basic biology, and study those.
This is a fun
way for kids to learn
about molecules by seeing what's inside the container, whether it's sugar, salt, or water.
In the same
way, Keith Tyson's Bubble Chambers: 2 Discrete
Molecules Of Simultaneity - vivid paintings with paired speech bubbles describing two events on the same date - is perhaps too accessible in its message
about the randomness of existence.
Peter Carson, 400 ppmv equates to
about a gauntlet of nearly 2 billion CO2
molecules an IR photon must pass within a wavelength of on its
way out of the atmosphere.
I'm still suspicious of a claim of even 100 - 200 years given the
way half of CO2 production disappears into some combination of sinks, but I'm glad you said that
about the individual
molecules.
Since to me (and many scientists, although some wanted a lot more corroborative evidence, which they've also gotten) it makes absolutely no sense to presume that the earth would just go
about its merry
way and keep the climate nice and relatively stable for us (though this rare actual climate scientist pseudo skeptic seems to think it would, based upon some non scientific belief — see second half of this piece), when the earth changes climate easily as it is, climate is ultimately an expression of energy, it is stabilized (right now) by the oceans and ice sheets, and increasing the number of long term thermal radiation / heat energy absorbing and re radiating
molecules to levels not seen on earth in several million years would add an enormous influx of energy to the lower atmosphere earth system, which would mildly warm the air and increasingly transfer energy to the earth over time, which in turn would start to alter those stabilizing systems (and which, with increasing ocean energy retention and accelerating polar ice sheet melting at both ends of the globe, is exactly what we've been seeing) and start to reinforce the same process until a new stases would be reached well after the atmospheric levels of ghg has stabilized.
But we're talking here
about very very small
molecules that are
way up high up in the sky performing these steps in time on the order of 100 picoseconds (10 GHz for you nerds out there).
In explaining that «[m] any thoughtful and decent people are conflicted
about, or strongly oppose, this research,» President Obama was acknowledging that, even in its earliest stages, the small group of cells that constitute an embryo are in some
way different from a chemical reagent to be sold in a catalog or an industrially synthesized
molecule to be integrated into a widget.