In a two -
week study comparing a low - calorie diet to a non-calorie-restricted, low - carb diet in 18 adults with NAFLD, those in the low - carb group experienced a 55 % reduction in liver fat vs. a 26 % for the low - fat group (22).
In an eight -
week study comparing the benefits of both whey and rice protein supplementation, researchers concluded that both offered nearly the same benefit.
Not exact matches
One
study found that college students who drank four to five drinks at a time more than once a
week were more likely to overeat after drinking
compared to students who drank one to two drinks at a time (18).
This
study found also that stations which provided only free air - time for religious programs tended to broadcast more religious programs during the
week of the survey than did stations which sold air - time for programs (an average of 6.08 programs per station
compared to 4.51 programs per station).
In terms of effect on consumption, Ng et al estimated a reduction in sugar sweetened drink intake of 104 mL (10 %) per person per
week compared with our predicted reduction of around 15 %.19 The substitution effects predicted in Ng et al's
study are very slight, and as a result the predicted change in energy intake is larger (net decrease of 24 kJ / person / day
compared with our estimate of 17 kJ / person / day).
The 12
week clinical
study from the US of 303 participants is the first prospective, randomised clinical trial to directly
compare the effects of water and diet beverages on weight loss within a behavioural weight loss program.
This
study compared the performance of male athletes when using a typical «carb loading» method before a time trial run, and then by substituting a portion of «Omega 3 chia seed loading» and performing the same test two
weeks later.
One
study found that mothers who stayed in hospitals that did not follow any of the 10 Steps were 8 times as likely to stop breastfeeding before their infants were 6
weeks old
compared to mothers who stayed at hospitals that followed 6 of the steps.
Women in our
study had a high rate of breastfeeding at 6
weeks postpartum (69 %)
compared with other Australian data showing that 58 % of all infants were fully breastfed at 2 months of age.50 This may have been owing to a higher motivation of women in our cohort, and a good level of support and continuity of midwifery care, which has been shown to enhance rates of breastfeeding.
Additionally, the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA)
study concluded that consumers who eat fast food two or more times a
week had a one - hundred percent increase in their insulin resistance
compared to consumers who ate at fast food establishments less than once a
week.
In one
study comparing two groups of preterm infants, researchers found that children who'd received skin - to - skin contact in the first
weeks postpartum had developed, by age 10, more healthy stress response systems, improved sleep patterns, and better cognitive control (Feldman et al 2014).
One
study found that babies born after epidurals were less likely to be fully breastfed on hospital discharge; this was an especial risk for epidural mothers whose babies did not feed in the first hour after birth.112 A Finnish survey records that 67 percent of women who had labored with an epidural reported partial or full formula - feeding in the first 12
weeks compared to 29 percent of nonepidural mothers; epidural mothers were also more likely to report having «not enough milk.»
Likewise in this
study, the importance of good nutrition for breastfeeding and for adults in general was not as high a priority for fathers
compared with topics such as «what to expect in the first 4
weeks».
A
study in 2013 involving 106 participating centers in 25 countries came to the conclusion that, in a twin pregnancy of a gestational age between 32
weeks 0 days and 38
weeks 6 days, and the first twin is in cephalic presentation, planned Cesarean section does not significantly decrease or increase the risk of fetal or neonatal death or serious neonatal disability, as
compared with planned vaginal delivery.
In the
study, researchers
compared children whose mothers took folic acid supplements four
weeks before... and eight
weeks into their pregnancies with children whose mothers did not take the supplements.
Study characteristics: This review analysed
studies that
compared outcomes of full - term babies (born at ≥ 37
weeks of pregnancy) who were given formula milk enriched with LCPUFA versus outcomes of full - term babies fed formula milk without enrichment with LCPUFA.
Studies comparing human milk from preterm mothers with that from term mothers suggest that these immunologic benefits may be even greater for preterm infants because secretory immunoglobulin A (IgA), lysozyme, lactoferrin, and interferon are found in greater concentrations in preterm human milk
compared with term milk.2 — 4 Very low birth weight (VLBW) infants do not benefit from the transplacental transfer of maternal immunoglobulins that occurs primarily after 34
weeks of gestation.5 These infants are exposed to abundant pathogenic organisms during neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) hospitalization and may benefit from the host defense factors present in preterm human milk.6 — 9
Studies show that women who receive commercial formula bags when they leave the hospital after giving birth are less likely to breastfeed for more than 10
weeks compared to women who have not received them.
In a
study, researchers
compared the breast milk of mothers with babies born prematurely — between 28 and 37
weeks gestation — and at term — after 38
weeks.
And a rather shocking and controversial 2010
study reported that newborns who were given cow's milk formula within two
weeks of birth had 19 times lower odds of developing a cow's milk allergy
compared with newborns who were not.
A separate
study found infants whose gestation lengths were less than 38
weeks had microbiome communities that were low in Bifidobacterium and took 3 to 6 months to reach a normal Bifidiobacterium - rich community as
compared to infants born at 40 or more
weeks [9].
However, few
studies have
compared the effect of the duration of breast feeding in societies where almost all infants are breast fed for at least some
weeks.
A later
study carried out in London5 randomised 2475 women to receive routine Doppler ultrasound examination of the umbilical and uterine arteries at 19 - 22
weeks and at 32
weeks of pregnancy
compared with women who received standard care without Doppler ultrasound.
According to the
study, a group of at - risk infants who ate 2 grams of peanut three times a
week had significantly less allergy to peanuts at 5 years of age
compared with infants who avoided peanut.
The Chinese
study found that women who had an epidural for pain relief during labor for a vaginal delivery had a 14 percent rate of depression at six
weeks postpartum
compared to nearly 35 percent rate of depression for those who did not have the pain relief.
Compare it to college finals
week, in which the students who have worked and
studied diligently all year are relaxed and those who haven't engage in all - night cramming sessions.
The
study of more than 600 smokers
compared three different doses of the drug and a placebo over seven
weeks.
A
study comparing results from computer - based versus paper - and - pencil tests of students» energy knowledge was presented at the annual AERA meeting and highlighted in the «Curriculum Matters» blog of Education
Week.
The
study found the prevalence of preterm birth — defined as delivery before 37
weeks» gestation — was 14.6 percent for women diagnosed with a sleep disorder during pregnancy,
compared to 10.9 percent for women who were not.
When the researchers gave concentrated broccoli sprout extracts to 97 human type 2 diabetes patients in a 12 -
week randomized placebo - controlled trial, obese participants who entered the
study with dysregulated disease demonstrated significantly decreased fasting blood glucose levels
compared to controls.
Compared with 1997 (the first EPIPAGE
study), the proportion of infants surviving without severe morbidity has increased by 14 % for infants born between the 25th and 29th
weeks and by 6 % for infants born between 30 and 31
weeks» gestation,» explains Pierre - Yves Ancel, leader of the Inserm Obstetrical, Perinatal, and Pediatric Epidemiology Team behind the
study.
Children with autism who participated in a 10 -
week, 40 - hour, theatre - based program showed significant differences in social ability
compared to a group of children with autism who did not participate, according to a Vanderbilt
study published in the Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders.
One
study found that youth who engaged in physical activity once a
week compared to none had 1.4 times the odds of being happy if they were normal weight, and 1.5 times the odds if overweight.
Although modern medicine means that many of these premature babies now survive, recent
studies have shown differences in their brain structure
compared with babies born after 37
weeks, as well as an increased risk of emotional and behavioural problems in childhood.
In their
study, the researchers showed that already at the age of six
weeks in the mice with a rapid weight gain, the DPP4 gene was less methylated at four specific loci, i.e. epigenetically altered,
compared to the other mice.
Yet if a school child's parents replace a bedtime story with a math discussion even one night a
week, the child's math skills may improve markedly
compared with peers who listen to nonmathematical stories, a new
study shows.
This
week, Williams published a
study in Royal Society Open Science that
compared the activity levels of male and female squirrels.
Another paper in the same edition of the NEJM reports two additional
studies of sofosbuvir - containing therapy, one evaluating a 12
week regimen of peginterferon, ribavirin and sofosbuvir in patients with genotypes 1, 4, 5 and 6 who have never been treated before; the other reporting results of a trial
comparing 24
weeks of peginterferon and ribavin with 12
weeks of sofosbuvir and ribavirin in treatment naïve patients with genotypes 2 and 3.
The
study, published this
week in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,
compared several social and demographic variables to the way people describe the rules for displaying emotion in dozens of countries.
Researchers in US and Canada funded by the Cooperative
Studies Program of the Department of Veterans Affairs and the Canadian Institutes for Health Research
compared the costs and benefits of etanercept - methotrexate first versus triple therapy first in 353 patients enrolled in the RACAT trial who continued to have uncontrolled symptoms of RA after at least 12
weeks of methotrexate therapy.
For the Muscle Tendon Tissue Unit Repair and Reinforcement Reconstructive Surgery Research
Study, which is sponsored by the U.S. Department of Defense and is continuing to enroll new participants, five men who had at least six months earlier lost at least 25 percent of leg muscle volume and function
compared to the uninjured limb underwent a customized regimen of physical therapy for 12 to 26
weeks until their function and strength plateaued for a minimum of two
weeks.
The mindfulness group drank 9.3 fewer units of alcohol (roughly equivalent to three pints of beer) in the following
week compared to the
week preceding the
study, while there was no significant reduction in alcohol consumption among those who had learned relaxation techniques.
«For the first time, our
study points to a risk difference between drinking daily and drinking five or six days a
week in the general male population, since earlier
studies were conducted on alcohol misusers and patients referred for liver disease and
compared daily drinking to «binge pattern» or «episodic» drinking,» observed lead investigator Gro Askgaard, MD, of the Department of Hepatology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, and the National Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Reduced - nicotine cigarettes were beneficial in reducing nicotine exposure and dependence, and also the number of cigarettes smoked per day, when
compared with standard - nicotine cigarettes in a six -
week study published in the New England Journal of Medicine.
A 2005
study showed that 92 percent of nearly 3,000 women with breast cancer who walked or did other exercise three to five hours weekly were still alive 10 years after their diagnosis,
compared with 86 percent of those who exercised less than an hour a
week.
The new
study, published this
week in the journal Science Advances,
compared data from forest surveys across the Amazon with maps of current and projected deforestation to estimate how many tree species have been lost, and where.
His group is now preparing a more ambitious
study that
compares the microbiomes of people who completely avoid emulsifiers for several
weeks with those on a standard Western diet.
Moderate physical activity for participants increased 1.4 days per
week compared with controls who actually decreased their activity over the
study period by about half a day per
week.
In one recent
study, Duffy found that supertasters consume alcoholic beverages, on average, only two to three times a
week,
compared with five or six times for the average nontasters.
Among cigarette smokers not willing or able to quit smoking in the next month but willing to reduce with the goal of quitting in the next 3 months, use of the nicotine addiction medication varenicline for 24
weeks compared with placebo produced greater reductions in smoking prior to quitting and increased smoking cessation rates at the end of treatment and at 1 year, according to a
study in the February 17 issue of JAMA.