No Direct Competition For Food This new genetic analysis however shows that «direct competition for food is not keeping the large
whale populations from recovering.»
Failure to account for the effects of climate change on these dynamics will undermine our ability to understand changes in the standing biomass of Antarctic krill and also to predict the recovery of
whale populations from a century of mismanagement and overexploitation [37].
Norway will itself update its population estimates in July with a «sighting survey», an approved method of extrapolating
whale populations from the number spotted from ships.
Not exact matches
Marine mammal toxicologist Peter Ross of the Vancouver Museum told Science News that he doesn't expect the chemicals to disappear
from Pacific killer
whales, another
population in which the chemical contamination has been well documented, until the end of this century.
The old estimates were based on 20th - century data
from the
whaling industry itself, which estimated a worldwide sperm -
whale population of about 1.8 million, a number that few scientists found credible.
Most estimates of historic
whale population size have been extrapolated
from old
whaling figures, but this method is often very inaccurate, argues marine biologist Steve Palumbi of Stanford University's Hopkins Marine Station in California, US.
European whalers hunted the
whale off the coast of New Zealand in the last century, apparently reducing the
population from 60 000 to around 3000.
Overall, the study's data
from mitochondrial DNA — different
from nuclear DNA in that it helps scientists trace maternal lineages — reveal that
population structure in humpback
whales is largely driven by female
whales that return annually to the same breeding grounds and by the early experience of calves that accompany their mothers on their first round - trip migration to the feeding grounds.
In the largest study of its kind to date, researchers used mitochondrial DNA microsatellites
from skin samples gathered
from more than 3,000 individual humpback
whales across the Southern Hemisphere and the Arabian Sea to examine how
whale populations are related to one another, a question that is difficult to answer with direct observations of
whales in their oceanic environment.
Using only the DNA
from sloughed - off cells floating in the ocean, scientists have been able to determine the
population size and genetic properties of one of the world's largest and most mysterious animals: the
whale shark.
«Our findings give us insights into how fidelity to breeding and feeding destinations persist over many generations, resulting in differences between
whale populations, and why some
populations are more genetically differentiated
from the rest.
The occasional genetic interchange between
populations also seemed to correlate with feeding grounds with high densities of krill, places where
whales from different
populations are likely to move vast distances and come into contact with other
populations.
But adaptation takes time, and the
whale's
population has already dipped
from roughly 26,000 to 17,000.
In one year, a Soviet expedition took 1200 right
whales, the most endangered of large
whales,
from a world
population estimated at only 2500 animals.
From an initial
population of roughly 250 000 blue
whales, there remain no more than 2250 and possibly as few as 225 of them in the Southern Ocean; the best estimate is around 700.
Seeking to establish links between
populations of blue
whales in the Gulf of Corcovado and other regions, the researchers examined DNA collected
from the skin of blue
whales with biopsy darts fired
from crossbows across the eastern South Pacific.
For the work published in PLOS ONE, the scientists then used acoustic calls produced by the
whales to separate — for the first time — the catches taken
from the California
population from those
whales taken in the western Northern Pacific near Japan and Russia.
The paper reviews
population sizes and trends over time, if known, for each group, ranging
from millions of ringed seals to fewer than a hundred beluga
whales in Northern Canada's Ungava Bay.
«In light of our finding, current
populations of humpback or fin
whales are far
from harvestable,» he says.
Researchers determined the
whales» current
population numbers by comparing photographic shots of humpbacks in their North Pacific feeding grounds (around the Pacific Rim
from California to Kamchatka) to images taken of the
whales in their southern, tropical breeding areas — some as far as 3000 miles away.
Their analysis indicated that «any removal of belugas
from that
population is not sustainable,» Payne says, because it adds yet another threat to the many that the
whales already face.
But with bowheads, which are slowly recovering
from intense
whaling in the 19th century, conservations groups would be highly motivated to buy all the shares for 13 years, until the
population grows to the carrying capacity.
The authors point out that the findings support previous observations of individual male
whales moving between
populations in different ocean basins, and that subpopulations
from both regions could share the same feeding ground in Antarctic waters.
Using data generated
from more than 3,000 skin samples
from individual
whales ranging
from the South Atlantic to the Indian Oceans, the research team has uncovered previously unknown degrees of relatedness between different
whale populations.
Already, northern right
whales have a Potential Biological Removal (PBR) of less than 1, the number that can safely be removed
from their
population each year by human causes.
Furthermore, we must understand how changes in sea ice cover affect the feeding ecology of humpback
whales and their competitors in the short - term and the dynamics of krill
populations over the longer term, particularly given the increasing pressure
from commercial krill harvests [36].
At the same time, baleen
whale populations in the Southern Ocean, which feed primarily on krill, are recovering
from past exploitation.
Also, why did traditional Eskimo
populations, consuming up to 75 % of their total caloric intake
from fat (mostly
from whale blubber, seal fat, organ meats, and cold water fish), display superior health and longevity without heart disease or obesity?
Erzya and Moksha Mordvins; Total
population; 843,350 (2002) Regions with significant
populations; Mordovia, Ryazan Oblast, Ulyanovsk Oblast, Samara Oblast Diana Kuznetsova, 16, died after jumping
from a nine storey building in Ryazan (Image: East2West) The lethal game called Blue
Whale involves an
Every year at the start of Fall more than 60 % of the North Pacific Humpback
Whale population will begin their migration
from Alaska to Hawaii, with many of them choosing to stay in the waters off of Maui during their visit.
While there I head underwater to check out the local
population of manta rays,
whale sharks, and coral life; meet up with some new friends who make their living selling art in town; and recuperate
from a bout of malaria I unfortunately caught while there.
In this video I head underwater to check out the local
population of manta rays,
whale sharks, and coral life; meet up with some new friends who make their living selling art in town; and recuperate
from a bout of malaria I unfortunately caught while there.
Just over an hour's drive
from PE it is home to one of the densest African elephant
populations on earth, but also lays claim to Africa's Big 7, including the southern right
whale and great white shark.
One key concern
from environmental groups is that the Sakhalin - 2 project will harm the western gray
whale population.
Cascadia Research senior biologist John Calambokidis discussed his work examining the trends of
populations of blue, fin, humpback, and gray
whales in southern California during the July
From Shore to Sea lecture.
They state that «the most recent
population estimate [
from 2007] was approximately 19,000
whales, with a high probability (88 %) that the
population is at «optimum sustainable
population» size, as defined by the Marine Mammal Protection Act.
There is also a western North Pacific
population of gray
whales found along the coast of eastern Asia that is totally isolated
from the eastern North Pacific
population.
Research biologist, John Calambokidis, discused his work tracking the movements and estimating the
populations of blue and humpback
whales in the North Pacific at the May «
From Shore to Sea» lecture.
[19][20] Although identity between the Atlantic and Pacific
populations can not be proven by anatomical data, its skeleton is distinctive and easy to distinguish
from that of all other living
whales.
A
population of about 200 gray
whales stay along the eastern Pacific coast
from Canada to California throughout the summer, not making the farther trip to Alaskan waters.
Over the last decade, dozens of collisions have seriously injured or killed
whales off the California coast, and scientists think the
population of about 2,500 blue
whales that migrates along the West Coast each year may be especially at risk
from ship strikes.
Jim Lecky, director of the Office of Protected Resources for the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration fisheries service, said blue
whales do not face imminent danger as a
population and that their numbers are slowly increasing
from year to year.
The Aquarium has partnered with scientists
from Woods Hole to monitor right
whale populations in our state.
Thanks to the Endangered Species Act, the humpback
whale population has grown in the last 20 years
from 6,000
whales in the North Pacific Ocean, with 4,000 coming to Hawaii, to more than 21,000
whales existing today with approximately 10,000 traveling to Hawaii each year.
Additionally,
from December to April, the massive Humpback
Whales join the local
population to make Kona unbelievably magical.
Many
whale biologists believe their
population is now at 10 % of historical levels, having bounced back
from a mere 1 % at their nadir less than fifty years ago.
Each winter, the East Australian humpback
whale population migrate north
from the Antarctic waters, along the eastern coastline of Australia to mate and give birth in the warmer waters of North Queensland.
The coastal
population of minke
whales from California through Washington is estimated at only 600-1000 individuals.
This is probably the world's only sedentary
population of Humpback
Whales, as over the last 70,000 years it separated
from the rest of the Indian Ocean
population and settled in Oman's waters.
By Al Zagofsky - Special to the Times News of Carbon County Pennsylvania April 17, 2004 petting
whale Since whaling was banned in 1946, the California Gray Whale population has rebounded from near extinction to a population that has been estimated to be as high as 27
whale Since
whaling was banned in 1946, the California Gray
Whale population has rebounded from near extinction to a population that has been estimated to be as high as 27
Whale population has rebounded
from near extinction to a
population that has been estimated to be as high as 27,000.