Switching tacks here,
what about carbon dioxide capture and storage?
Salzar and Kipfmueller use temperature and precipitation as dependent variables, but
what about carbon dioxide (and it fertilization effect)?
Not exact matches
What current atmospheric
carbon dioxide concentration tells us
about the need to stabilise the global climate and the need for a step change in government, city and business action.
If it's not the increased
carbon dioxide though, then
what should we do
about climate change?
It also stirred confusion
about the governor's legal authority and
what will happen to the
carbon trading program, which caps utility
carbon dioxide emissions in 10 Northeastern and mid-Atlantic states, at a time when national climate legislation appears dead on Capitol Hill.
He wants to know why Earth's global climate models break down on Venus, which has an atmosphere composed of 97 percent
carbon dioxide — and
what that reveals
about the hidden fine - tunings of Earth models.
Bean and Kempton, meanwhile, are interested in detailing
what a statistical census of biologically significant gases such as oxygen,
carbon dioxide and ozone could reveal
about planetary habitability.
Fossil fuels cost a lot of money and [have] a lot of climate impact; that's something we haven't covered either, but this plan will also reduce
carbon dioxide emissions to
about a third of
what they are now [by] 2050, assuming some level of growth as well.
Given
what scientists know
about the Red Planet's atmosphere, these clouds likely consist of either
carbon dioxide or water - based ice crystals.
«
What's different [
about carbon dioxide] is the scale and the disruption in the energy system from having to transition from
carbon - intensive fuels to
carbon neutrality,» he added.
Given that solar output four billion years ago was only
about 60 percent of
what it is today, enhanced levels of
carbon dioxide and perhaps ammonia (NH3) must have been present in order to retard the loss of infrared radiation into space.
Updates below InsideClimate News, showing the value of focused and sustained investigative reporting, has published the first piece in an illuminating review of
what Exxon Mobil Corp. (and its earlier incarnations) learned through its own research from the 1970s onward
about the potential climate impacts of rising emissions of
carbon dioxide from fossil fuel use.
To understand why India, despite its fast - growing emissions, has demanded and gotten
what its environment minister called «
carbon space,» just do a side by side comparison of the United States, where the average person's activities result in
about 17 tons of
carbon dioxide emissions a year, and India, where 400 million people still lack an electric light or clean cooking fuel and where per capita annual emissions are 1.9 tons per person.
I don't believe 80 % of
what I read
about the consequences of global warming and I certainly don't believe there is any crisis, but there is enough evidence to warrant reductions in
carbon dioxide, changes in energy consumption and mix and fostering of new technologies.
While retaining a technical question
about aviation law, the half - hour excerpt from the 75 - minute discussion did not include Mr. Branson's comments
about what he said was his most important public priority — working for peace in conflict zones — and his long, and provocative, statements on
carbon dioxide and climate, including his thoughts on geo - engineering, his big prize for removing CO2 from the air and the climate treaty.
Hales» pioneering research in ocean
carbon chemistry underlies much of
what we know
about the role
carbon dioxide from fossil fuel emissions plays in changing the chemistry of Northwest seas.
I'll be writing more on the scope of
what would have to happen to stop the buildup of
carbon dioxide at just
about any of the concentration peaks that have been tossed around lately as either «safe» or not totally calamitous.
First, we talked
about revived interest in mass transportation,
about the different roles and responsibilities of local communities and the federal government, and
about what opportunities and hurdles face the next president, even as both candidates have pledged to cap
carbon dioxide and pursue an effective climate treaty.
Updated, 8:38 p.m. There are new revelations from the continuing InsideClimate News investigation of
what the oil industry knew
about the potential climate impacts of
carbon dioxide from fuel burning even as it sought delays in related national and international policies.
I still think this 2010 paper by Howard J. Herzog at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology very nicely lays out
what to look for to gauge if countries are serious
about this issue: «Scaling up
carbon dioxide capture and storage: From megatons to gigatons.»
Fourthly, when talking
about becoming «
Carbon - free» or «
Carbon Neutral» or reducing our «
Carbon Footprint» let's just bear in mind that from a scienitifc viewpoint —
what is really being talked
about is
CARBON DIOXIDE.
All he knows is
what IPCC has been touting
about carbon dioxide, to them the chief greenhouse gas on this planet.
The work in question takes measurements from one locale, and doesn't publish conclusions, rather Doney's statements are giving his opinion
about what he read, «Long - term ocean acidification trends are clearly evident over the past several decades in open - ocean time - series and hydrographic survey data, and the trends are consistent with the growth rate of atmospheric
carbon dioxide (Dore et al., 2009).»
But in Issues, analysts have identified a more fundamental problem — the social cost of
carbon dioxide is the wrong guide to follow — and they proposed an alternative method that better reflects
what is known
about long - term effects of climate change and how these effects should be valued by today's decision - makers.
This can be compared with some 200 W / m2 from direct sunshine, and
about 6 W / m2 for
what climate change models predict will happen if the atmospheric concentration of
carbon dioxide doubles.
It's quite okay to buy those
carbon - intensive fuels, which speaks volumes
about what's the real agenda here: protecting the interests of the fossil fuel industry, even though producing synthetic fuels using Nazi - era technology actually produces more
carbon dioxide than burning petroleum itself.
It took
about one percent of the world economy to develop the modern infrastructure of clean water and indoor plumbing; that's roughly
what will be required to get rid of «another kind of human waste» —
carbon dioxide emissions from burning fuels.
The
carbon emissions from fossil fuel use might have increased global mean temperature by
about one - sixth of one degree, so
what's with all the fuss
about carbon dioxide?
A generally accepted answer is that a doubling of
carbon dioxide in the atmosphere (it turns out that one gets the same value for a doubling regardless of
what value one starts from) would perturb the energy balance of Earth
about 2 percent, and this would produce
about 2 degrees Fahrenheit warming in the absence of feedbacks.
George E. Smith (16:11:36): «''» A generally accepted answer is that a doubling of
carbon dioxide in the atmosphere (it turns out that one gets the same value for a doubling regardless of
what value one starts from) would perturb the energy balance of Earth
about 2 percent, and this would produce
about 2 degrees Fahrenheit warming in the absence of feedbacks.
'' the greenhouse forcing from manmade gases is already
about 86 percent of
what one expects from a doubling of
carbon dioxide»
The
carbon dioxide stored in oceans is presently
about one - third of
what the oceans can take.
Thank you for responding... the question at hand is not
about whether
carbon dioxide absorbs infrared radiation:
what is being asked for is the replicable experiments which verify the hypothesis (postulated by Mr. Guy Callendar et al) that adding more
carbon dioxide to the atmosphere would change the height where the absorption took place.
So, solutions to — if you are really concerned
about the
carbon dioxide then how can you create energy that is affordable — that's the only kind that really works in the economy —
what choices are out there?
That stubborn error in the satellite data is
about six times larger than
what is scientifically possible, and several times larger than the effect scientists are trying to see, namely planetary warming caused by continued massive emissions of
carbon dioxide into the atmosphere.
This route of consideration entails the inference of
what we'll call each respective warmist's primary and secondary gain motivating his allegiance to this objectively insupportable (and factually unsupported) damnfool contention
about the adverse effects of anthropogenic atmospheric
carbon dioxide and — much more importantly — the political measures being pushed by each such statist sumbeech in order to allegedly ameliorate the tissue - of - lies «externalities» nonsensically asserted to be associated with the complete combustion of petrochemical fuels upon which all of industrial civilization depends for its function.
It also depends on
what assumptions you make
about how effective
carbon - emissions control is; Lenton and Vaughan calculate all the forcings in terms of
what extra relief the
carbon -
dioxide drawdown provides in a world that is already making serious cuts in emissions).
That's
what two men named David thought, too, when they first met in 2008 to talk
about a climate policy with very little support: a national tax on industrial
carbon dioxide emissions.
And in either scenario, I want to know
what the models can say
about the hysteresis in the system: how much ice lost at higher
carbon -
dioxide levels does not come back at lower ones.
The first of these concerns the terrestrial and oceanic processes that release greenhouse gases into the atmosphere and then absorb them, and the second is a calculation
about what a change in
carbon dioxide levels really means for average global temperatures.
We're at
about 30 billion tons of
carbon dioxide emissions a year — and notwithstanding the global economic slowdown, probably poised to rise 2 % per year (the exact future growth rate is quite hard to project because it depends so much on
what China does and how quickly peak oil kicks in).
What fraction will leak as methane, and what fraction will leak as carbon dioxide — and what about
What fraction will leak as methane, and
what fraction will leak as carbon dioxide — and what about
what fraction will leak as
carbon dioxide — and
what about
what about N2O?
The most optimistic says the increase by 2100 will be
about 4 degrees F, the least 9 degrees F. Between 1980 and 1995 there were more than 50 «scientific» papers published predicting
what air temperature would be if the
carbon dioxide concentration doubled.
Callendar's own calculations, giving a 2 °C temperature rise for a
carbon dioxide doubling, were slated: one major criticism was that they dealt only with radiation and left out the effects of that other important way in which heat is moved around, convection, despite
what Hulburt had already written
about that.
None of these could have been caused by an increase in atmospheric CO2, Model projections of warming during recent decades have greatly exceeded
what has been observed, The modelling community has openly acknowledged that the ability of existing models to simulate past climates is due to numerous arbitrary tuning adjustments, Observations show no statistically valid trends in flooding or drought, and no meaningful acceleration whatsoever of pre-existing long term sea level rise (
about 6 inches per century) worldwide, Current
carbon dioxide levels, around 400 parts per million are still very small compared to the averages over geological history, when thousands of parts per million prevailed, and when life flourished on land and in the oceans.
Climate models encapsulate
what we know
about how the Sun's rays travel through the atmosphere and how heat from the surface of the Earth gets absorbed by clouds, water vapour and, of course,
carbon dioxide.
The deeply controversial and unconstitutional agreement comes
about a month after
what might be among the most revealing developments so far in the supposed war on man - emitted
carbon dioxide — an essential natural gas exhaled by humans that makes up a fraction of one percent of the greenhouse gases naturally in the atmosphere.