The same thing happens with a variety of other commodities —
when cigarette prices rise in Texas, people in North Texas who can drive up to Cherokee Country do and bring back cheaper cigarettes.
Some products are «inelastic» meaning
when prices go up demand doesn't fall much (think
cigarettes, alcohol or even illicit drugs).
In Brooke Group Ltd. v. Brown & Williamson Tobacco Corp., 98 the Supreme Court formalized this premise into a doctrinal test.The case involved
cigarette manufacturing, an industry dominated by six firms.99 Liggett, one of the six, introduced a line of generic
cigarettes, which it sold for about 30 % less than the
price of branded
cigarettes.100 Liggett alleged that
when it became clear that its generics were diverting business from branded
cigarettes, Brown & Williamson, a competing manufacturer, began selling its own generics at a loss.101 Liggett sued, claiming that Brown & Williamson's tactic was designed to pressure Liggett to raise
prices on its generics, thus enabling Brown & Williamson to maintain high profits on branded
cigarettes.