12 vertical density currents that occur
when cold deep water comes to the surface can occur anywhere, prevalent along western coasts of continents
Not exact matches
Turn heat to medium and let boil until a candy or
deep fat thermometer reads 248 degrees F (or
when a half teaspoon placed in a glass of icy
cold water turns into a firm, chewy ball), about 17 minutes.
Beatty believes that
when 570 degree Fahrenheit
water from thermal vents hits
cold,
deep ocean currents, several light - producing processes may occur: sonoluminescence from imploding gas bubbles; chemiluminescence from chemical reactions (analogous to fireflies lighting up); crystalloluminescence from the formation of crystal bonds; and triboluminescence from the breaking of those bonds.
The researchers found that during glacial periods
when the atmosphere was
colder and sea ice was far more extensive,
deep ocean
waters came to the surface much further north of the Antarctic continent than they do today.
And if I'd closed my eyes I could've seen what the building had been forty or fifty years before that, back
when I was a young woman: a screen door slamming shut, oil lamps lit and sputtering black smoke, dusty horses hitched to the posts out front where the iceman unloaded every Wednesday afternoon, the last stop on his route before he headed up out of the holler, the bed of his truck an inch
deep with
cold water.
We wear them for scuba diving, but only because the
water is
cold when you go much
deeper.
The Atlantic overturning is driven by the differences in the density of the ocean
water:
when the warm, lighter
water flows from south to north it becomes
colder, denser and heavier, making it sink
deeper and flow back southwards.
When the wind - driven ocean circulation is intense, such as during the negative phase of the IPO & La Nina, there is strong upwelling of
cold deep water along the equator, and along the eastern coasts of the continents.
When the
colder upwelled
water spreads across the surface as in the PDO
cold phase, the warmer surface
water area is reduced and the warm
water gets
deeper.
Currents that move through the upper ocean then dive down to depth may move some of the surface heat to the
deeper waters, especially where the currents have dived not just from cooling
water (hot
water would tend to go up,
cold water would tend to go down) but because it is driven in «conveyor» systems which may run counter to expectations of where
water should go
when considering only local conditions, and especially, if the
water is dropping because of an increase in salinity.
Why would anyone expect climate model simulations of the global temperature record to predict the «pause»,
when ocean models are not specifically set up to have the necessary capability to model such large - scale incursions of
deep - ocean
cold water.
You state «Why would anyone expect climate model simulations of the global temperature record to predict the «pause»,
when ocean models are not specifically set up to have the necessary capability to model such large - scale incursions of
deep - ocean
cold water.
When cold surface
water no longer sinks into the depths, a
deeper layer of warm ocean
water can travel across the continental shelf and reach the bases of glaciers, retaining its heat as the
cold waters remain above.
When upwelling of
colder water from
deeper layers occurs, the heat content of the mixed layer is reduced.