Forty years ago
when hydrothermal vents on the ocean floor were first discovered, scientists were amazed to find life where no sunlight penetrated, feeding off of sulfur gases.
Not exact matches
They can be several tens of metres tall, and grow as minerals are deposited
when the hot water meets the cold ocean water at the outlet of the
hydrothermal vents.
With the help of Cindy Van Dover, a Duke University biologist and expert in
hydrothermal vents, Nautilus is even studying the possibility of picking up snails and barnacles in the path of the mining tool and transplanting them to a temporary haven, to be brought home
when the coast is clear.
But this past August,
when scientists reported observing water from a
hydrothermal vent acting like a liquid and a gas simultaneously at 867 °F, nature had thrown them for a loop.
He has done similar work aboard ships, rocking and swaying high above
hydrothermal vents on the ocean floor,
when he wasn't in the submersible itself, exploring the steaming depths.
When he started working there in 1983,
hydrothermal vents had recently been discovered near the Galapagos Islands and molecular biology had just begun its meteoric rise.
Other manned submersibles can not dive deeper than about seven kilometers, says Lutz, who has made more than 85 underwater voyages on board the mini sub Alvin and was part of the first deep - sea exploration of
hydrothermal vents in 1979,
when he was a postdoc at Yale University.
Thijs Ettema at Uppsala University, Sweden, and his team discovered the new organisms
when they analysed DNA extracted from underwater sediment near Loki's Castle, a region of
hydrothermal vents along the Arctic mid-ocean ridge (Nature, DOI: 10.1038 / nature14447).
My most exciting science moment was
when our team discovered the Lucky Strike
hydrothermal vent site, the third known
vent field in the Atlantic.
These ideas changed
when oceanographers explored
hydrothermal vents, openings in the ocean floor where extremely hot, mineral - rich water erupts from the crust.
So
when boiling water is known to be entering the lake from
hydrothermal vents, and
when we only have very inadequate surveying, I'd say it was a bit early to be «explicitly ruling out» anything...