When pubertal development was controlled in our analysis of cortisol responses, we observed no change in the pattern of results regarding intervention effects or timing of placement in foster care.
In its 2012 Policy Statement on Baseball and Softball8, the AAP acknowledges the recent studies challenging the theory that the curveball and slider are stressful to the young elbow, but, on the basis of other studies showing increased injury among those who throw curve balls and sliders at early ages, continues to recommend that introduction of the curve ball be delayed until after age 14, or
when pubertal development has advanced to the stage when the athlete has started to shave, and that sliders not be thrown until age 16.
Not exact matches
Teens who have constitutional growth delay grow at a normal rate
when they're younger kids, but they lag behind and don't start their
pubertal development and their growth spurt until after most of their peers.
Adopting one of these approaches to
pubertal assessment
when studying adolescents will likely contribute to clarity and interpretability of neuroimaging findings in this population.
However, the lack of a moderating effect of
pubertal status on age - and sex - adjusted BMI z scores and any metabolic parameter indicates that the same caution is required
when treating younger children and adolescents.
When examining models of depression from a developmental perspective, age may be preferred over
pubertal status, as age is a less complex variable.
Additional analyses indicated that
pubertal timing moderated the association between synchrony and depressive symptoms at age 20, such that girls who exhibited asynchronous development had the highest levels of depressive symptoms
when they matured later than peers.
For example, early
pubertal maturity may lead to early sexual debut only
when family members react to early
pubertal development in certain ways (e.g., with increased restrictiveness and supervision).
Both adversity and early
pubertal timing contributes to depressive symptoms
when adolescents start junior high school.