Sentences with phrase «when sea ice covered»

This year's maximum was likely reached on March 7, the NSIDC said Wednesday, when sea ice covered 5.57 million square miles, the lowest in 38 years of satellite records.

Bottom line: Barents Sea polar bears are loyal to this region because the eastern portion has the habitat they require to thrive even when sea ice cover in the western portion essentially disappears for thousands of years at a time.

However, such an approach not only neglects the effect of year - to - year or longer - term variability (Overland and Wang, 2013) but also ignores the negative feedbacks that can occur when the sea ice cover becomes thin (Notz, 2009).

When sea ice covers the coastal water in early spring, it prevents the spring bloom from starting too early, when it could be disrupted by storms, explained Jeff Bowman, a marine biologist from Lamont who is currently working at Palmer Station.

Not exact matches

That's important, she said, because cloud cover influences when in spring sea ice begins melting.

«When you remove sea ice cover, you remove insulation, so all the ocean heat can be released into the atmosphere above,» Serreze said.

«If there were a link, it would be more likely to occur in fall [when the Arctic sea ice is at a low and the region is warm] than it would in January [when the Arctic is ice - covered and cold], so from that point of view, it's not a compelling candidate at this time of year,» Hoerling said.

The area of the Arctic Ocean covered by sea ice in September, when the annual minimum occurs, was the sixth lowest extent in the satellite record, going back to 1979.

If proxy data can confirm that sea ice was indeed the major player in past abrupt climate - change events, it seems less likely that such dramatic abrupt changes will occur due to global warming, when extensive sea - ice cover will not be present.

Summertime sea ice in the Arctic Ocean now routinely covers about 40 percent less area than it did in the late 1970s, when continuous satellite observations began.

The space agency is launching these missions at a time when decades of observations from the ground, air, and space have revealed signs of change in Earth's ice sheets, sea ice, glaciers, snow cover and permafrost.

If proxy data can confirm that sea ice was indeed the major player in past abrupt climate - change events, it seems less likely that such dramatic abrupt changes will occur due to global warming, when extensive sea - ice cover will not be present.

He notes that the sat photos show that cloud cover remains low and that the ice is very mobile at a time when the pack should be most firm (not really a surprise since ocean temps are much more important than air temps, and apparently it's the ocean temps that have been the largest factor in the recent sharp sea ice reduction).

(57j) For surface + tropospheric warming in general, there is (given a cold enough start) positive surface albedo feedback, that is concentrated at higher latitudes and in some seasons (though the temperature response to reduced summer sea ice cover tends to be realized more in winter when there is more heat that must be released before ice forms).

Re 9 wili — I know of a paper suggesting, as I recall, that enhanced «backradiation» (downward radiation reaching the surface emitted by the air / clouds) contributed more to Arctic amplification specifically in the cold part of the year (just to be clear, backradiation should generally increase with any warming (aside from greenhouse feedbacks) and more so with a warming due to an increase in the greenhouse effect (including feedbacks like water vapor and, if positive, clouds, though regional changes in water vapor and clouds can go against the global trend); otherwise it was always my understanding that the albedo feedback was key (while sea ice decreases so far have been more a summer phenomenon (when it would be warmer to begin with), the heat capacity of the sea prevents much temperature response, but there is a greater build up of heat from the albedo feedback, and this is released in the cold part of the year when ice forms later or would have formed or would have been thicker; the seasonal effect of reduced winter snow cover decreasing at those latitudes which still recieve sunlight in the winter would not be so delayed).

However, even a smaller figure (I had calculated about 0.17 W / m ^ 2 based on your inflated figure for total planetary albedo, but you can check it out) is still significant when compared with the total flux imbalance, which I think is a more informative comparison than an arbitrarily selected change in cloud cover, because it compares the sea ice reduction with the effects of all climate variations that have been operating in recent years..

Center officials say the sea ice probably reached its maximum extent on March 7th, when it covered about 5 - and - a-half-million square miles of the Arctic Ocean, including portions of the Bering Sea that lie south of the Arctic Circsea ice probably reached its maximum extent on March 7th, when it covered about 5 - and - a-half-million square miles of the Arctic Ocean, including portions of the Bering Sea that lie south of the Arctic CircSea that lie south of the Arctic Circle.

When the R / V Gould reaches Station Obama later this month, the team of scientists aboard will spend six hours collecting a suite of biological, physical, and chemical measurements.They'll map sea ice cover from the ship and satellite observations, whale biologists will make shipboard visual and drone - based instrumental observations, and two penguin scientists will spend five days studying a nearby Adélie penguin colony.

The only problem with all the predictions about the level of the World Ocean rising is that, the World Ocean is refusing to rise up in support of the predictions, the other problem is that ice is frozen fresh water and frozen fresh water only covers about 5 % of this planet above sea level and frozen water under the level of the World Ocean does not count as the World Ocean will fall a small amount if that ice melts, so if the ice there is enough to get the World Ocean to rise and significant amount then it must be piled up very high, I cubic kilometer of water as ice, should it melt, would make 1000 square kilometers rise by one meter, so when you use this simple math then somewhere on the planet, above the level of the sea, then there must be over 500,000 cubic kilometers of ice, piled up and just waiting to melt, strange that no one can find that amount of ice, all these morons who talk about the rise of the World Ocean in tens of meters, this includes you Peter Garrett or Mr. 7 Meters, the ice does not exist to allow this amount of rise in the World Ocean, it is just not there.

I have alluded to Phillips» opinion, because I see in Geikie's late work that reference is made to the fact that from the foot of glaciers in Greenland streams of water issue and unite to form considerable rivers, one of which, after a course of forty miles, enters the sea with a mouth nearly three - quarters of a mile in breadth — the water flowing freely at a time when the outside sea was thickly covered with ice.

Arctic sea ice cover as of Wednesday reflects had already begun to slowly recede two weeks after it had reached its maximum extent for the winter of 2016 - 17 on March 7, when it reached 5.57 million square miles (14.42 million square kilometers).

Arctic climatic extremes include 25 °C hyperthermal periods during the Paleocene - Eocene (56 — 46 million years ago, Ma), Quaternary glacial periods when thick ice shelves and sea ice cover rendered the Arctic Ocean nearly uninhabitable, seasonally sea - ice - free interglacials and abrupt climate reversals.

When Arctic sea ice opens up more it exposes more water to evaporative and radiative cooling both of which are nullified when ice covers the waWhen Arctic sea ice opens up more it exposes more water to evaporative and radiative cooling both of which are nullified when ice covers the wawhen ice covers the water.

For example, although the sample size has been very small, studies of radio - collared seals in the Bering and Chukchi Seas observed those seals rarely hauled out at all, on land or sea ice, even when occupying ice covered areas.

If cloud cover increases as sea ice decreases, that could offset the direct effect of the SIAF, especially if clouds increase in summer, when there is the most sun and the most sea - ice loss.

When using this biomarker proxy for sea ice reconstructions, however, one should have in mind that IP25 is absent under a permanent sea ice cover limiting light penetration and, as a consequence, sea ice algal growth (i.e., IP25 = 0).

The Arctic is warming twice as fast as the rest of the planet, for reasons that may include its layered atmosphere, which traps heat, and the loss of sea ice and snow cover, which when present help reflect the sun's energy.

In August and September 2012, sea ice covered less of the Arctic Ocean than at any other time since at least 1979, when the first reliable satellite measurements began.

At a time when the sea ice should be growing toward its maximum extent for the year, it's shrinking instead — the area of the Bering Sea covered by ice is now 60 percent below its average from 1981 - 20sea ice should be growing toward its maximum extent for the year, it's shrinking instead — the area of the Bering Sea covered by ice is now 60 percent below its average from 1981 - 20Sea covered by ice is now 60 percent below its average from 1981 - 2010.

The CBD wrote, «The Emperor colony at Terre Adelie in East Antarctica» featured in the Academy Award - winning French documentary, March of the Penguins» plummeted by more than 50 % in the late 1970s during a warm period with little sea ice cover, when adults died en masse.

When compared (validated) against historical sea ice observations it was found that the reconstruction not only had a dominant temperature - related signal, but that the proxy - based reconstruction also had a second signal which corresponded with variations in sea ice cover (extent), therefore confirming the 2nd network signal was a proxy for Arctic sea ice cover (as shown in figure 1).

Consider this account, from Postmedia News, of what happened in the summer of 2012, when federal scientists attempted to alert the public of the troubling news that Arctic sea ice cover had reached a record low:

This overshoot is caused predominantly by the reduction of the meltwater in the northern North Atlantic associated with the retreat of the large amount of sea ice, an effect that becomes dominant when the subpolar North Atlantic is covered by sea ice as in the glacial condition.

Within this uncertainty range, this reconstruction suggests that the pronounced decline in summer Arctic sea ice cover that began in the late twentieth century is unprecedented in both magnitude and duration when compared with the range of variability of the previous roughly 1,450 years.

With regard to proxy studies, same basic questions, are these direct or passive correlations, what evidence that tree ring core thickness depends only on temperature (what about precipitation, cloud cover, volcanic activity, sea surface temperatue changes, sea current changes, solar irradiance changes, cloud cover, etc.) How are these variables accounted for when analysis of ice cores is completed, or for that matter when computer models, and / or proxy studies are completed.

At a time when Arctic sea ice and snow cover are changing most rapidly, the loss of the all - weather monitoring capability of CMIS represents a major setback.

When you plot observational sea ice data to satellite measurements of albedo you should be able to verify the actual impact, thus your arguments in regard to albedo changes (or cloud cover) in time and space might be interesting but doesn't change the general assumptions, the observations.

Extensive snow showers covering wide areas may be mistaken as sea ice when the sea temperatures are cold enough to prevent snow flakes from melting.