Sentences with phrase «where nerve cells»

Describing the brain as a big circuit board in which each new experience creates a new circuit, Hopkins neuroscience professor Richard Huganir, Ph.D. says that he and his team found that during emotional peaks, the hormone norepinephrine dramatically sensitizes synapses - the site where nerve cells make an electro - chemical connection - to enhance the sculpting of a memory into the big board.

A microscope image shows the location in the brain of a mouse where nerve cells from the ear enter the brain and form cup - like synaptic connections with brain cells.

Developed by Janelia colleague Nicholas Sofroniew, the method produces huge datasets that show when and where nerve cells are active.

But their prominence at sites where nerve cells are damaged by the disease means they deserve careful scrutiny in the desperate search for ways to arrest the most salient cause of dementia.

(A later study confirmed that their gray matter, which is where the nerve cell bodies are, also looked unusual.)

Not exact matches

To help make ideas about energy more concrete, for example, the new unit will use a variety of analogies from more familiar physical systems (e.g., combustion and charging a cellphone battery) to help students understand those same energy - releasing and energy - requiring chemical reactions and energy transfer when they occur in living organisms (e.g., cellular respiration, creating a charge across a membrane in mitochondria and nerve cells) where the reactions are more complex and difficult to observe.

She earned her Ph.D. in molecular biology from the University of Southern California in Los Angeles, where she studied the nerve cells that compel a fruit fly to perform a dazzling mating dance.

«The discovery of this special class of cells that sit right at the nerve endings where HSV - 2 is released into skin is changing how we think about HSV - 2 and possible vaccines,» said Corey.

In animal studies, microchimeric cells were found in maternal brains where they became nerve cells, suggesting they might be functionally integrated in the brain.

The virus then enters and hijacks muscle and nerve cells where it replicates and travels up the nerves to infect the brain and other tissues.

LCN2 travels to the brain, where it gloms on to appetite - regulating nerve cells, which tell the brain to stop eating, a recent study suggests.

Blue marks the dentate gyrus, where new nerve cells are born.

After an initial infection, HSV - 1 goes into hiding in nerve cells, where it eludes the immune system's sentries.

When a spinal cord injury takes place, extensions of nerve cells from the brainstem — the region of the brain where the command and coordination for urination takes place — become disconnected from cells in the spinal cord that control the muscles that squeeze or relax the bladder and open and close the urethra.

Endometriosis is caused by uterus lining (endometrium) cells moving elsewhere in the body where they can compress nerves and bleed in time with a woman's menstrual cycle.

«So if cancer is able to release this brake and increase cell growth, we thought we'd try to mimic this same action in nerve cells and encourage growth where we want it.»

The first order of business for new nerve cells is finding where, among the 100 billion neurons of the nervous system, their partners are waiting.

When chemical phosphate groups are added to the receptors, they move from the cytoplasm and cluster on the edges of nerve cells along synapses — the spaces between nerve cells where messages transmit from one cell to another.

These molecules tell the cells which side is right, which is left; where to morph into vessel or nerve, muscle or bone; and when to stop growing.

When you're using certain tissue types that can't replicate multiple times outside of the body — liver and nerve cells, for example — «that's where stem cells are most relevant.»

When people eat contaminated food, the toxin / associated - protein complex stays together in the digestive system, but splits apart to free the toxin once it moves into the bloodstream, where it goes on to disable nerve cells, causing paralysis and death.

These are the junctions between two nerve cells where electrical signals are transmitted.

Nervous system in Nematostella vectensis embryos with different nerve cell populations, where the different neurons (here in green, blue and magenta) evidence asymmetry.

But how would a protein go from traveling through the inner-most «tube» of the intestine, where there are no nerve cells, into the nervous system?

For instance, when you hold a cell phone in your hand, some of the nerve response is driven by skin receptors located where the edges of the phone press into your fingertips.

They found it inhibits assembly of a complex of proteins at synapses, the place where adjacent nerve cells communicate.

«Cells that show where things are going: Neurobiologists characterize nerve cells that detect motion by light changes.&rCells that show where things are going: Neurobiologists characterize nerve cells that detect motion by light changes.&rcells that detect motion by light changes.»

Injected into rodents, the cells don't form tumors; rather, they migrate through the animals» brains, where they differentiate into various types of neural cells including the cells that create the myelin that protects nerve fibers.

In the tiny brain space where two nerve cells meet, chemical and electric signals shuttle back and forth, a messaging system that ebbs and flows in those synaptic spaces, sometimes in ways that scientists believe aid and abet learning and memory.

In contrast to vesicle - dwelling synaptotagmin and VAMP / synaptobrevin, syntaxin concentrates in the cell membrane — at spots where neurotransmitters are released from nerve cells.

At one end, the nerves reach the skin cells where they gather sensory information, and at the other end is the cell body, which contains the nucleus and the neuron's genetic information.

These nerve cells, known as retinal ganglion cells (RGCs), use electrical impulses to send visual information — entering the eye through the optic nerve — to the brain where images are perceived.

The information gathered by your senses is transmitted by nerve cells, or neurons, to specific brain regions where the signal is routed through circuits and sent downstream to areas that essentially translate the information into behavior and get you back on track.

Abstract T - type calcium channels are key contributors to neuronal physiology where they shape electrical activity of nerve cells and contribute to the release of neurotransmitters.

These nerve cells do not normally regrow, so to improve vision, we must put back nerve cells where previous ones were, link them up with the other retinal nerve cells they normally get information from, and grow a fiber up to the brain's next vision relay station.

When the scientists looked in the brain of a mouse with this mutation, they found, again, that MC4R was not on the nerve cell cilia where it should go to work.

And in the mouse nerve cells making it, this form of the protein no longer shows up in the cilia where it belongs.

These research priorities that will lead to the development of new therapies became particularly striking when I was diagnosed five years ago with glaucoma — a degenerative disorder where the retinal nerve cells that carry visual information to the brain slowly die.

The pre-clinical study results show that the synthesized steroid, squalamine, prevents and eliminates alpha - synuclein build - up inside neurons by unsticking the protein from the inner wall of nerve cells, where it clings and clusters into toxic clumps, researchers say.

The pre-clinical study results show that squalamine prevents and eliminates α - synuclein build up inside neurons by unsticking the protein from the inner wall of nerve cells, where it clings and builds up into toxic clumps, researchers say.

The processor then sends that pattern wirelessly to a chip implanted above the retina, where 60 electrodes stimulate undamaged cells, creating signals that travel up the optic nerve.

Imagine how difficult it is for a patient and their family and friends when they lose vision, as is the case in a disorder such as age - related macular degeneration (AMD), where the unexpected sprouting of weak and leaky new blood vessels leads to death the ath of the nerve cells of the retina.

The pattern of RGC loss in patients as well as information obtained from laboratory research all point to the fact that an important site of pathology occurs at the optic nerve head, a region where the axonal cell processes of RGCs exit the eye on their way to the visual centers of the brain.

LA JOLLA, CA — Multiple sclerosis, a debilitating neurological disease, is triggered by self - reactive T cells that successfully infiltrate the brain and spinal cord where they launch an aggressive autoimmune attack against myelin, the fatty substance that surrounds and insulates nerve fibers.

Understanding the role of glial cells in glaucoma as well as what happens to the optic nerve where the retinal nerve axons leave the eye may present new therapeutic targets and even potential biomarkers of glaucoma.

Other nootropics are even capable of stimulating the production of nerve growth factor where the protein synthesis ultimately results in brain cell growth, especially in the nerve cells» dendrites which enable the communication of electric impulses throughout the central nervous system.

The term «excitotoxicity» refers to overstimulation of nerve cells to the point where they collapse and cease functioning.

NO is naturally produced in nerve cells throughout the human body where it is used to transmit nerve impulses in a number of different bodily systems and functions.

Excitotoxicity is a pathological process where glutamic and aspartic acid cause an over-activation of your nerve cell receptors, which can lead to calcium - induced nerve and brain injury.

Once in nerve cells, the virus spreads along the nerve fibers, where it is protected from antibody attack.