Based on an analysis of bowel
symptoms recorded using the Gastrointestinal
Symptom Rating Scale, researchers reported that despite the use of a gluten free diet — universally indicated for coeliac disease (CD)-- a proportion of their cohort still presented with «
persistent symptoms» and it is within this cohort they were aiming to see
whether: «abnormal intestinal microbiota may be associated with persisting gastrointestinal
symptoms in treated celiac disease patients... [found] higher relative abundance of Proteobacteria and a lower abundance of Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes.»