Sentences with phrase «which affected offspring»

Not exact matches

If an individual acquires a character during its lifetime, that does not increase the probability that its offspring will exhibit the character; but if the development of some members of a population are affected by the environment in ways which improve their chance of leaving offspring, this will obviously increase their contribution to later generations, that is to say, their natural selective value; and the frequency of that character in later generations will be increased, not by any physiological or genetical change, but by the operation of selection.

The process by which a mother's diet during pregnancy can permanently affect her offspring's attributes, such as weight, could be strongly influenced by genetic variation in an unexpected part of the genome, according to research led by Queen Mary University of London (QMUL).

Launched last week, communication was lost after just a few days and the fate of its passengers — five geckos, which would be filmed throughout the flight to see how microgravity affected their fertility and offspring; a load of fruit flies; mushrooms and microbes — was unknown.

The study may explain, among other things, how the mother's infection with the cytomegalovirus (CMV) during pregnancy, which affects her own and her fetus's immune system, increases the risk that her offspring will develop autism or schizophrenia, sometimes years later.

Maternal alcohol consumption prior to and during pregnancy significantly affects cognitive functions in offspring, which may be related to changes in cyclin - dependent kinase 5 because it is associated with modulation of synaptic plasticity and impaired learning and memory.

What we are learning is that the in utero environment may also affect the timing of future pubertal development in offspring, which makes sense since human brains are developed in utero and the brain releases hormones affecting puberty,» said study lead author Ai Kubo.

Many sires, both affected and unaffected, produce far more offspring than the recommended limit of 105 puppies, which makes it quite difficult to measure the effect of preventive actions, and to control inherited diseases, such as distichiasis, within a population.

It is important to remember that breeding · clear · dogs does not absolutely guarantee that puppies will be unaffected, as it is not usually possible to determine which genes both dam and sire carry and how their combinations will affect offspring.

Havanese which repeatedly produce affected offspring should be removed from the breeding program, and their offspring should not be used for breeding.

In subsequent generations a carrier mated to a carrier, say, Cockapoo to Cockapoo (known as the F2 generation) could produce offspring which are affected by the recessive disease.

Healthy dogs which produce multiple affected offspring, particularly with different mates, should be withdrawn from breeding.

The results revealed the dog's genotype and enabled breeders to avoid producing affected offspring by not doing crosses which could produce them.

Valuable dogs carrying unwanted genes which formerly might have been removed from breeding programs could be bred because breeders could determine the genotypes of prospective mates and eliminate the possibility of producing affected offspring.

The University of Minnesota Canine Genetics Laboratory website also contains a portable document format (pdf) form detailing IM: Inflammatory Myopathy (Myositis) Test Result Interpretation which reveals, amongst other details, that both parents must be carriers to produce affected offspring.

Both theory and research on within - family differences suggest that when parents» health declines, sibling relations may be affected by which children assume care and whether siblings perceive that the parent favors some offspring over others.

In their theoretical model of intergenerational transmissions of depression from mothers to offspring, Goodman and Gotlib (2001) argue that there are four dominant mechanisms through which depressive symptoms are transferred: heritability of depression, innate dysfunctional neuroregulatory, exposure to mother's negative behaviors and affect, and exposure to stressful environments.

Despite several studies which have begun to demonstrate that maternal anxiety during pregnancy can negatively affect offspring neurodevelopment, little attention has been given to postpartum maternal anxiety both by clinicians and researchers.

Such a result matches with our expectation that when mothers experience a high level of depressive symptoms, a lot of which is related to mothers» own emotion dysregulation, which can affect offspring's social and emotional functioning.