A review of the ways in
which ancient men saw their world.
The abolition of the gods was destined to entail the abolition of the unseen world in
which ancient man supposed them to live.
Not exact matches
But the roots of caste can be traced back to a story in the most
ancient Hindu scriptures, the Vedas, in
which the various social classes are produced from the sacrifice of a primordial
man — the priestly class from the mouth, the warrior class from the arms, the merchant class from the thighs, the laboring class from the feet (Rig Veda 90:10).
Some poor girl... or sheep... has to listen to him rant and spew, eyes bulging, talking non-stop, adamantly raging on about how Russian miners have heard the screams of hell and how some
ancient vanished superrace made the pyramids and modern
man couldn't
which means evolution is wrong... she'd be wondering if she should just run for it, or does he have a big kitchen knife on him ready to use if she does... there she sits, with that «please - don «t - stab - me - repeatedly smile on he fear - petrified face...
It is no accident that Deuteronomy,
which sums up the ideals of the pre-Exilic prophetic party, contains an explicit denial of the
ancient theory that an innocent person can rightly be punished for another's sin: «The fathers shall not be put to death for the children, neither shall the children be put to death for the fathers: every
man shall be put to death for his own sin.»
Let us have done with the stupidity
which makes a stumbling - block of the endless eras of expectancy imposed on us by the Messiah; the fearful, anonymous labours of primitive
man, the beauty fashioned through its age - long history by
ancient Egypt, the anxious expectancies of Israel, the patient distilling of the attar of oriental mysticism, the endless refining of wisdom by the Greeks: all these were needed before the Flower could blossom on the rod of Jesse and of all humanity.
An
ancient book by unknown authors,
which makes wild extraordinary claims such as snakes talking, a
man living in a giant fish for days, the dead rising, and so on.
That
ancient movement was one in
which man achieved independence from his world by being called out of his identity with the cosmos to assume a place of responsibility over it.
For the future of the Church everywhere, too, what is most essential is the
ancient yet ever - new message of Christianity, that is to say that in the darkness of this life the hearts of
men must entrust themselves to that ineffable, adorable mystery of life
which we call God in faith, hope and love and unconditional confidence in Jesus Christ our Lord.
In recent years there has been an astonishing flowering of this
ancient pastoral concern; it has been watered by streams of new insight concerning
man which flow from the behavioral sciences and from the new methods of the psychotherapeutic disciplines.
He remembers the word of the simple sage of
ancient times: «This, that a
man's eye can not see by the light by
which the majority see could be because he is used to darkness; but it could also be because he is used to a still clearer light, and when this is so, it is no laughing matter.»
It further seemed a matter of common - sense to
ancient man that this inner spirit or soul,
which he knew from the inside and
which he witnessed in his fellows, should be immortal or deathless.
Doubtless this pleasant young
man soon found someone unacquainted with Joseph Smith's Testimony, that ubiquitous missionary tract
which contains the official account of the prophet's visions and his discovery of the
ancient record chronicling the lives and times, vicissitudes and final destruction of a Hebraic people whose patriarch immigrated to America with his family in 600 BC.
To the people of that
ancient time, a woman only provided a womb
which is a «nest» or «fertile ground» or «incubator» — a place where the seed of a
man could grow.
Rosenzweig argues that while all peoples appealed to all three elements, only the
ancient Jews saw a relation among these three» a relation in
which man and God and world all lived in response to one another.
When the Old Testament speaks about God, it is not referring to one of the many gods
which derived from the imagination of
ancient man, but to the one and only YHWH, who not only brought them into being, but also continued to be the Lord of history.
The implications of Israel's understanding of YHWH, as expressed in the first two commandments, are completely at variance with the way
ancient man thought of the gods, and explain the iconoclasm
which has been prominent from time to time in both Judaism and Christianity.
This is a tiny hamlet of nineteenth - century settlement, much reduced from its
ancient prosperity, yet the house is there, newly built from the ashes of its fiery ruin, Piety Hill, an Italianate pile,
which began as a lumber baron's residence, sank to a refuge for impoverished gentry, and became the seat of a literary
man — a history suggestive of larger changes in American society since 1918.
Part of the answer is that these
ancient events are moments in a living process
which includes also the existence of the church at the present day; and another part is that, as Christians believe, in these events of
ancient time God was at work among
men, and it is from his action in history rather than from abstract arguments that we learn what God is like, and what are the principles on
which he deals with
men, now as always.
Within two centuries,
men of the caliber of Copernicus, Leonardo da Vinci, Kepler, Galileo, Gilbert, Newton and Boyle all arose to cut a path
which enabled the modern world to emerge from the
ancient one.
The sun drenched valley of the Nile and the flooded plains of
ancient Sumer both exerted profound influence in the molding of the outlook of
ancient men for whom Egypt and Babylonia were the world and their forces the realities by
which man must direct his life.
This view of
man was very different from that
which obtained in
ancient Israel.
Because
ancient man did not draw such a clear line of distinction between myth and history, it was possible for the myth of the end - time to hold a particular kind of reality for him
which it can not hold for us, and there is no point in attempting to disguise this difference.
Once we take into account the capacity of the
ancient Jewish mind to create a story as a way of expounding and showing the relevance of a Biblical text (this practice will be described in Chapter 9), it is not at all difficult to see how the story of Joseph of Arimathea could have been partly shaped by Isaiah 53:9, «And they made his grave with the wicked and with a rich
man in his death,» found in the famous chapter on the suffering servant,
which was certainly interpreted by the early Christians as a prophecy of the death of Jesus.
Ancient man found himself living in a world
which seemed to be a gigantic living entity
which could hardly be described as «it», for it pulsated with life akin to that
which he experienced in his own person.
Now the myths of the «dying - and - rising god» provided the most acceptable description for
ancient man of the annual cycle of growth and decay
which he observed in his crops and fruits.
The Greek term psyche (soul),
which Christians naturally found themselves using in order to describe the spiritual aspect of a
man, already implied the dualistic approach to human nature and introduced a concept for
which there had been no verbal equivalent in the language of
ancient Israel.26
Here is the sheer miracle of it: a literature that long antedated our glorious gains in science and the immense scope of modern knowledge,
which moves in the quiet atmosphere of the
ancient countryside, with camels and flocks and roadside wells and the joyous shout of the peasant at vintage or in harvest — this literature, after all that has intervened, is still our great literature, published abroad as no other in the total of
man's writing, translated into the world's great languages and many minor ones, and cherished and loved and studied so earnestly as to set it in a class apart.
Thus
ancient man was looking for grounds on
which he could face the future with hope.
We must remember that in Israelite tradition there was a long history of visionary experiences, commencing with the
ancient theophanies in
which God was thought to have «appeared» to
men in human form.
Because It was not created for that reason whether were males or females... nor it was meant that
men go for
men or women go for women... And those laws were among God's commandments to mankind
which he had narrated as a sin within his Holy Scriptures and the Holy Quran giving examples of
ancient generations that were doomed for disbelieving and breaking heavenly laws... those narrated tales were for us to learn and take heed rather than repeat same ill doing...
Ancient man thus recognized himself to be in a very complex world, only one portion of
which was visible to the naked eye.
But it was not simply an intellectual exercise, far less a form of entertainment, for
ancient man knew himself to be involved in the processes of life and divine encounter
which he saw all around him.
In part it is a revulsion against the sentimentality
which substituted for the
ancient symbols, with the realities to
which they pointed, the dubious realities of
man's inner religious and moral life.
As
ancient man surveyed his world, he found himself surrounded on all sides with movement and change, not only in fellow - humans, animals and birds, but in running water, scudding clouds, heavenly bodies traveling across the sky, rising dust - storms, the occasionally quaking earth and the vegetation
which sprang up, flowered, fruited and died.
Perhaps in this process we have some hint as to the way in
which the mind of
ancient man, less adept in handling abstract concepts, was led to express the conflicts he felt among the unseen forces about him in the form of stories of the gods and spirits.
It was in these media that
ancient man played his part in the world scene, and responded in that way
which he believed to be most appropriate to the occasion, and
which would further promote his welfare.
He will be reminded of what that simple old sage remarked in
ancient times, «When they meet together, and the world sets down at an assembly, or in a court of law, or a theater, or a camp, or in any other popular resort, and there is a great uproar and they praise some things
which are being said or done, and blame other things, equally exaggerating both, shouting and clapping their hands, and the echo of the rocks and the place in
which they are assembled redoubles the sound of the praise or blame — at such a time will not a young
man's heart, as they say, leap within him?
Now that those who are «with it» no longer look to the Old
Man of the Mountain for his
ancient help, everyone seems to experiment with some kind of substitute
which he thinks will order the universe and bring happiness.
Just don't base public policy on ideas
which he gleams from an
ancient text written by
men who did not understand science.
It is a form of explanation
which made use of the
ancient concept of God's Wisdom, pictured almost as a distinct personal entity, God's agent in the creation of the world and his intermediary towards his rational creatures, who enters into the souls of
men and makes them the friends of God.
The backdrop of legend,
which in the
ancient world made life's history on the earth seem a matter of centuries, has for us been lifted, revealing a vista of uncounted millenniums of organic life, suffering unfathomable agony long before
man was here to sin at all.
As the
ancient record puts it, «In those days there was no king; in Israel: every
man did that
which was right in his own eyes» (Judges 17:6.)
We have known for a long time that the
ancient Israelite believed that through certain actions or rites he was able to be present at, and actually share in, the events of the past
which had created his people's life and thus had made him what as a member of that nation he was: a
man who belonged to «the chosen people of God».
As for Greco - Roman civilization, it was based squarely on slave labor, and one of the profoundest differences between the
ancient Mediterranean culture and our own is that there slavery was taken for granted along with a growing consciousness of the moral compromise it involved with
man's best ideals, while with us liberty is taken for granted along with deep ethical discontent at the parallels of slavery, or worse,
which exist under the wage system.
In 2012, another drama played out in headlines across the world: a fragment of
ancient manuscript in
which Jesus purportedly refers to his «wife» was trumpeted as evidence that Jesus had been a married
man.
The three - decker world view of
ancient man, and the contemporary space universe
which stems from Copernicus and Galileo are so different from each other, that every aspect of the Christian faith on
which cosmology impinges must be radically reinterpreted.
Tinder's notion of Christian egalitarianism is based upon a Cartesian / Lutheran notion of the «exalted individual,» wherein «all individuals without exception — the most base, the most destructive, the most repellent — have equal claims on our respect,» rather than on a more
ancient notion of dignified personhood, in
which individuality is only the beginning of a complete view of
man.
Whereas the
ancient myth bore all the marks of the mythological world to
which it was orientated, the myth
which the
man of faith in the new world finds meaningful will be orientated to the human situation as contemporary
man understands it, and it could even be called a «demythologized myth» or «historically - grounded myth».
But on the other hand there is one thing
which the
man of the new world still has in common with
ancient man and that is his humanity.