Sentences with phrase «which brain mechanisms»

Not exact matches

His goal is wildly ambitious — in large part because of how little is really understood about the central nervous system, which consists of the brain and spinal cord, and its healing mechanisms.

Your brain's inner narrative is a fictional self - defense mechanism which is trying to justify your self - aggrandizing, your feelings of misguided moral righteousness, and your hatred of others.

For if, e. g., a man loses consciousness as soon as his brain is injured, it is clearly as good an explanation to say the injury to the brain destroyed the mechanism by which the manifestation of the consciousness was rendered possible, as to say that it destroyed the seat of consciousness.

If, e.g., as sometimes happens, the man, after a time, more or less, recovers the faculties of which the injury to his brain had deprived him, and that not in consequence of a renewal of the injured part, but in consequence of the inhibited functions being performed by the vicarious action of other parts, the easiest explanation certainly is that, after a time, consciousness constitutes the remaining parts into a mechanism capable of acting as a substitute for the lost parts.

By summing up this spontaneity (making its successive moments simultaneous) sufficient energy could be accumulated and released to influence the «hair - trigger» behavioral mechanisms of the brain.23 A similar explanation is available to Bergson to account for the manner in which the vital impetus could influence evolution,

Tronick's research elucidates the mechanism by which stress gets into the body and brain, leading us in turn to appropriate preventive interventions.

Dr. Horta said, «The likely mechanism underlying the beneficial effects of breast milk on intelligence is the presence of long - chain saturated fatty acids (DHAs) found in breast milk, which are essential for brain development.

Physical punishment is associated with a range of mental health problems in children, youth and adults, including depression, unhappiness, anxiety, feelings of hopelessness, use of drugs and alcohol, and general psychological maladjustment.26 — 29 These relationships may be mediated by disruptions in parent — child attachment resulting from pain inflicted by a caregiver, 30,31 by increased levels of cortisol32 or by chemical disruption of the brain's mechanism for regulating stress.33 Researchers are also finding that physical punishment is linked to slower cognitive development and adversely affects academic achievement.34 These findings come from large longitudinal studies that control for a wide range of potential confounders.35 Intriguing results are now emerging from neuroimaging studies, which suggest that physical punishment may reduce the volume of the brain's grey matter in areas associated with performance on the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale, third edition (WAIS - III).36 In addition, physical punishment can cause alterations in the dopaminergic regions associated with vulnerability to the abuse of drugs and alcohol.37

In order to examine the proximate mechanisms of such phenomena, I needed to be able to «tinker» with the underlying machinery (i.e. the brain), which is for the most part unfeasible in basic human research.

«Though no such treatment yet exists, this finding will lead to experiments to better understand the specific mechanisms of the inflammatory response in the neurodegenerating brain, which may in turn lead to new treatments.»

The study, which is published in the journal Molecular Psychiatry, describes a possible mechanism for how the gene variant produces clinical symptoms by affecting levels of specific proteins in the brain.

While Schwartz believes in evolution, he says that the mechanism of neuroplasticity, which changes the shape of our brains, has likely shaped human evolution, too.

- Collaborative Research in Computational Neuroscience Supports collaborations among computer scientists, engineers, mathematicians, statisticians, theoreticians and experimental neuroscientists, which are imperative to advance our understanding of the nervous system and mechanisms underlying brain disorders and have a significant impact on the theory and design of engineered systems.

Still, researchers are intrigued by the possibility that cells may use these clearance mechanisms to propagate misfolded proteins throughout the brain — in which case targeting the mechanisms could conceivably slow disease progression.

Nobody really knows how the activity in your brain reorganizes as you learn new tasks, but new research from Carnegie Mellon University and the University of Pittsburgh reveals that the brain has various mechanisms and constraints by which it reorganizes its neural activity when learning over the course of a few hours.

Cao even discovered a possible mechanism: A stimulating environment seemed to activate the brain's hypothalamus, which regulates hormones that affect everything from mood to cancer proliferation.

Next, the researchers sought to identify a potential brain mechanism by which disrupted sleep worsens pain.

Shaw works with fruit flies to explore the brain mechanisms that control sleep, which he and others have shown to be similar to those seen in people.

While the brain subconsciously monitors heartbeat, the mechanism by which the sensation creeps into the consciousness and so influences our emotional state has fascinated researchers studying consciousness, and remains somewhat mysterious.

She notes that this study looked at only static body postures, but together with subsequent experiments — including one in which people watched videos of gymnasts — it offers a possible mechanism for how the brain predicts what will happen a few seconds ahead of what we experience.

Sweeney found that the mechanistic answers that Pinker offered about the mind — the brain - based mechanisms of thought and consciousness being discovered by modern neuroscience — inspired her to replace her Catholic faith with science's empirical skepticism, which she finds, after many hilarious detours, «a much more powerful and reliable tool for understanding the world.»

They used a somewhat bizarre technique in which two mice were sutured together in such as way that they shared a circulatory system (known as parabiosis), and found old mice joined to their youthful counterparts showed changes in gene activity in a brain region called the hippocampus as well as increased neural connections and enhanced «synaptic plasticity» — a mechanism believed to underlie learning and memory in which the strength of neural connections change in response to experience.

The mechanism by which TUS can affect mental states is unknown (as is the mechanism by which the brain produces mental states).

He added Huntington's is one of many neurodegenerative diseases in which unusual protein deposition occurs in the brain, suggesting similar biochemical mechanisms may be involved.

When prion protein molecules are sequestered by their misfolded counterparts, they can no longer work as a scaffold for all these molecular interactions, which impairs the mechanisms evoked by the brain chemicals important for mood.

So, what happens that the researchers were looking at, this moment, when the bees suddenly lost weight, and they found that it is dictated by the queen bee's pheromones, which trigger this insulin mechanism in the bees» brains that causes them to lose weight.

In a 2011 paper in The Journal of Sexual Medicine that reviews previous studies of its mechanisms, they explain it in this way: Serotonin, which is thought to impede sexual interest, has two types of receptors in the brain.

The UK researchers set out to investigate the mechanism by which the treatment may act in the brain to lower amyloid deposition (amyloid deposits being a key pathology in Alzheimer's).

«When you match physiologic changes in the brain with behavioral impairment, you can start to understand the biological mechanisms of this disorder, which may help improve diagnosis, and, in time, treatment.»

The Weizmann Institute's Prof. Alon Chen, together with his then PhD student Dr. Orna Issler, investigated the molecular mechanisms of the brain's serotonin system, which, when misregulated, is involved in depression and anxiety disorders.

The study published in Cell Metabolism reports a mechanism by which two types of brain cells, neurons and glia, normally support each other's functions.

The way epigenetics helps understand that process is that it provides the mechanism by which maternal experience of a pup can essentially produce lifelong changes in the brain because many epigenetic changes are that stable.

There are several mechanisms by which preeclampsia may affect the developing brain, Walker said.

Future studies also include the identification of target brain area of TEG, its BBB permeability and the mechanism through which TEG induces sleep.

Popko and his colleagues have previously shown that oligodendrocytes, the brain cells which produce myelin, possess an innate mechanism that responds to stressors such as inflammation.

«Future studies include the identification of target brain area of octacosanol, its BBB permeability, and the mechanism via which octacosanol lowers stress,» Kaushik says.

Acceleration of aging may actually be part of the mechanism by which degenerative disease disrupts the structure and function of the brain,» said Dr. Giniger.

The study is linked to two previous papers in 2009 and 2014 in which McDonald's research team showed that when people search the visual world for a particular object, the brain has distinct mechanisms for both locking attention onto relevant information and for suppressing irrelevant information.

«We wanted to understand the mechanism by which the brain circuit operates,» explained senior author Assistant Professor Shawn Je, from the Neuroscience and Behavioural Disorders Programme at Duke - NUS.

Exposure to a group of common pesticides, called dithiocarbamates, has long been associated with an increased risk of Parkinson's disease, although the mechanism by which the compounds exert their toxicity on the brain has not been completely understood.

Wong hopes future research will address how sleep difficulties and deprivation may affect brain mechanisms, which in turn influence control of affect, cognitive processes, and behavior.

In the first study of the drug lorcaserin in the human brain, the research revealed the mechanism underlying the drug's efficacy and provides insight into which individuals may benefit most from the medication.

While there was evidence to support the theory that there were homeostatic mechanisms at work in the brain to stabilize neuronal activity, it was unclear which precise properties were regulated.»

At a time when brain researchers thought nothing could be learned from invertebrates, Kandel stunned the fledgling world of neuroscience by uncovering the mechanisms of memory in sea slugs, which earned him a Nobel Prize in 2000.

If the new mechanism also operates in the human brain and can be potentiated, this could become of clinical importance not only for stroke patients, but also for replacing neurons which have died, thus restoring function in patients with other disorders such as Parkinson's disease and Huntington's disease,» says Olle Lindvall, Senior Professor of Neurology.

To Francis Heylighen, who studies consciousness and artificial intelligence at the Free University of Brussels (VUB) in Belgium, consciousness is merely a system of mechanisms for making information processing more efficient by adding a level of control over which of the brain's processes get the most resources.

«Almost nothing is known» about the molecular and cellular mechanism by which water is detected in the mouth and throat, and the neural pathway by which that signal is transmitted to the brain, says Zachary Knight, a neuroscientist at the University of California, San Francisco.

A previously unknown mechanism through which the brain produces new nerve cells after a stroke has been discovered at Lund University and Karolinska Institutet in Sweden.

By disabling the gene for that key protein in test animals, the scientists were able to home in on the mechanism by which that brain region, known as the suprachiasmatic nucleus or SCN, becomes the body's master clock while the embryo is developing.

Sleepwalking is caused by a partial arousal from slow - wave or deep sleep, however it is not know which functional brain mechanisms are affected by this pathophysiology.