Sentences with phrase «which cells of the nervous system»

About five years ago, a team of Stanford University scientists set out to determine how the developing brain establishes its final set of synapses, connections through which cells of the nervous system communicate with one another and with nonneural cells.

Not exact matches

Nursing Blend also contains extra amounts of Vitamins B - 6 and B - 12, which are necessary for the proper function of the immune system and nervous system and in the production of red and white blood cells.

Although these spots themselves are harmless, if some of the spots are bigger than a 50 cent coin, then it could be due to Neurofibromatosis (NF), which is a genetic disorder of the nervous system that causes abnormal cell growth of nerve tissues or benign tumours to form on the nerves anywhere in the body at any time.

«Once it's depolarized, a neuron releases a neurotransmitter, which starts the communication from one cell to another, moving from the periphery of the body to the central nervous system.»

When blank slate stem cells are exposed to a soft as opposed to a hard surface on which to grow, they begin to transform themselves into neurons, the large, complex cells of the central nervous system.

The virus appears to invade the brain by infecting a type of glial cell called olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs), which nourish smell - sensing neurons and guide them from the olfactory bulb to their targets in the nervous system.

Using the JEDI technology, Mount Sinai researchers uncovered evidence that immune cells can find cells in the brain expressing their target antigen, even in non-infected states, which provides evidence of an immune surveillance pathway within the body's central nervous system.

Those axons branch out from the ventral nerve cord, which runs the length of the bee's abdomen — further evidence, they say, that the magnetic properties of those cells influence the nervous system.

Treatment with an investigational CAR T - cell therapy induced complete remission of a brain metastasis of the difficult - to - treat tumor diffuse large - B - cell lymphoma (DLBCL), which had become resistant to chemotherapy — the first report of a response to CAR T - cells in a central nervous system lymphoma.

Neurons are specialized cells of the nervous system that communicate using electrical signals, which propagate down long, wire - like projections called axons.

Using a powerful imaging technique that allowed the scientists to track the presence and movement of parasites in living tissues, the researchers found that Toxoplasma infects the brain's endothelial cells, which line blood vessels, reproduces inside of them, and then moves on to invade the central nervous system.

These pathologies fall broadly into four categories: coagulopathy, where abnormal blood clotting is caused; haemorrhaging, where bleeding occurs; neurotoxicity, which damages the nervous system causing paralysis, and cytotoxicity, where the bite causes death of cells and destruction of tissue.

To carry out the study, the team has analysed how different carbohydrates act on the surface of silver nanoparticles (Ag - NP) of around 50 nanometres, which have been introduced into cultures of liver cells and tumour cells from the nervous system of mice.

In research published in December 2013, the investigators found that high levels of IKK - ε and TBK1 meant that certain receptors in the fat cells of obese mice were unable to respond to neurotransmitters called catecholamines, which are generated by the sympathetic nervous system and promote «fat - burning.»

To explain their findings, the authors suggest that resveratrol's vasodilating effects via endothelial cells might enhance infiltration of inflammatory cells into the central nervous system, which in turn might play a key role in the pathogenesis of MS.

For example, domestication had seemingly altered 13 places near a gene called SOX2, which helps maintain cells destined to become part of the nervous system.

In vertebrates, the axons of many neurons are sheathed in myelin, which is formed by either of two types of glial cells: Schwann cells ensheathing peripheral neurons and oligodendrocytes insulating those of the central nervous system.

Research from other scientists at Johns Hopkins, he says, had suggested that some tumors, particularly those that affect the nervous system, have mutations in the ATRX gene, which produces proteins that appear to maintain the length of telomeres, repetitive segments of DNA on the ends of chromosomes that typically shorten each time a cell divides.

Axons, the long projections of neural cells which form the nerves of our peripheral nervous system, are like electrical cables: they have thick electrical insulation so that they can quickly relay stimuli from the body and signals from the brain to a toe, for example.

Think of the army of cellular agents, including white blood cells and platelets, that jump into action over a mere paper cut — rebuilding the tissue, warding off infection, and alerting the rest of the body to the wound through the A-delta fibers of the nervous system, which are involved in the transmission of acute pain sensations.

The nerve cells of the central nervous system (CNS), which is composed of the spinal cord, the brain, and the retina, must be supplied with sufficient oxygen and nutrients through the blood vessel system during development and their subsequent function.

Dendrites, which branch from the cell body of the neuron, play a key role in the communication between cells of the nervous system, allowing for many neurons to connect with each other.

The genes in question are all involved in the production of myelin, which forms the fatty insulation around nerve cell axons that enables efficient communication in the central nervous system.

The scientists have used supporting cells of the central nervous system, glial cells, to regenerate healthy, functional neurons, which are critical for transmitting signals in the brain.

The peripheral nervous system of vertebrate animals includes three kinds of nerve cells: sensory neurons, which transmit impulses from sensory receptor structures to the brain; motor neurons, which innervate the striated, or skeletal, muscles, and autonomic neurons, which regulate the functional activity of the circulatory system, the organs, the glands and the smooth muscles (such as those of the intestine).

When neurons are dissociated, which has been the standard approach for studying latency until now, the cell bodies with their axons are jumbled together, making it impossible to mimic the natural route of nervous system invasion via isolated axons.

The retina is a relatively easily accessible part of the central nervous system, which makes it an attractive target for correction with iPS cells.

This discovery — authored by UCSD investigators Severine Boillee, Koji Yamanaka, Cleveland and others and published in the June 2 issue of the journal Science — confirms the importance of the new therapeutic approach, which delivers an antisense drug directly to the whole nervous system, including non-neuronal cells.

In order to test whether the particles could change the behavior of cells, the team injected a sample onto cultured rat dorsal root ganglia neurons, which are found in the peripheral nervous system.

These cells have the ability to cross the blood - brain barrier and travel directly into the nervous system to improve blood flow to the brain and repair some of the nerve damage which has occurred as a result of your degenerative disease or neurological injury.

He's one of the world's leading researchers in neurobiology, which looks at the brain and nervous system of animals and humans in terms of its anatomy and physiology (i.e., its cells and tissues, and the way they function and are organized).

The brain is constantly moving around huge amounts of fat and cholesterol because these compounds are major components of cell membranes, which the nervous system must constantly rearrange as it makes and breaks links from cell to cell.

The «heart - on - a-chip,» which builds off previous successful iCHIP research on the peripheral and central nervous systems, involves the use of human cardiac cells cultured for up to nine days on the engineered chip.

In Stiff Person Syndrome, which is a rare autoimmune disease in the central nervous system with autoantibodies targeting glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD65), the humoral autoimmune response was shown to consist of a Rituximab - sensitive part rapidly cleared after treatment, and a Rituximab - resistant part from long - lived and persistent plasma cells acting as a reservoir for secretion of autoantibodies.

«Monocytes and macrophages have a way to amplify inflammation in the central nervous system,» says Shaked, «which really shows that myeloid cells play an unexpected and important role in diseases of the brain.»

Without Nr4a1 to put a damper on production, monocytes and macrophages increase secretion of norepinephrine, which in turn leads to the activation of macrophages, thereby amplifying neuroinflammation and causing a massive influx of T cells into the central nervous system.

Therefore, identifying bioactive molecules able to target the enteric nervous system, which controls the motility of intestinal smooth muscle cells, represents a new therapeutic avenue.

Despite the elegance, simplicity and beauty of this principal, it is still unclear how the number of parasympathetic neurons is controlled and why only some of the cells transported by nerves are transformed into that which becomes an important part of the nervous system», says Igor Adameyko at the Department of Physiology and Pharmacology who, together with Patrik Ernfors at the Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, is responsible for the study.

CLA may help to regulate the inflammatory response of these special cells to help them function properly, which results in a better performing central nervous system.

Other nootropics are even capable of stimulating the production of nerve growth factor where the protein synthesis ultimately results in brain cell growth, especially in the nerve cells» dendrites which enable the communication of electric impulses throughout the central nervous system.

The aforementioned process triggers the sympathetic nervous system resulting in a surge of energy which will cause the fat cells to release the stored fat.

Bone marrow is rich in spingolipids, which are specialized fats that protect cell membranes against environmental insults and that are critical components of the brain and nervous system.13, 14 When pu rch a si ng m a rrow bones (typically shank), do your best to get free - range choices — lamb, beef, buffalo, and so on.

If not enough carbohydrate is consumed to maintain blood glucose levels for the brain, nervous system, and developing red blood cells the breakdown of glycogen for glucose results in a loss of water, which many interpret as weight loss.

Eggs are one of the best sources of choline which is required for the structure of cell membranes, functionality of the nervous system, and replication of DNA.

Depression is linked to a broad array of pathological processes, including inflammation of the peripheral nervous system structures, such as lymph nodes, as well as abnormalities in synaptic plasticity, which is the communication between nerve cells.

They help regulate the Autonomic Nervous System (which controls the automatic body functions like heart rate, blood pressure, digestion, muscle contraction and relaxation), nutrient transfer across cell membranes, and the regulation of tissue growth.

EFAs are necessary for growth, the integrity of cell membranes, and the synthesis of important hormone - like substances, which have important effects on the immune, inflammatory response, cardiovascular and central nervous system.

Fish oil is rich in omega - 3 fatty acids which reduces inflammation in all cells of the body and is essential for brain and nervous system function.

Life Extension Gamma E Tocopherol and Tocotrienols provide a complex of the most effective and useful forms of vitamin E which support overall health, cell health, nervous system health, eye health, platelet aggregation, and fight the effects of aging.

Carbohydrates supply energy to the body in the form of glucose, which is the only energy source for red blood cells and the preferred energy source for the brain, central nervous system, and during pregnancy, the placenta and fetus.