Sentences with phrase «which gene combinations»

Not exact matches

The net effect of both the assumptions and the conclusion is that some boys are born into situations in which the combination of gene expression and social context heavily determine what kind of person they will be.

The true testing ground for the implicate - order strategy, it seems to me, may indeed be biology rather than physics, where abstract methods are so powerful as to perhaps make it dispensable: just as the old style building - block materialist was refuted not by philosophical polemic, but by the one authority in which he trusted, i.e., by physics itself, so the nothing - but reductionist in contemporary biology will modify his views should it be possible some day to provide him with a mathematical language that fills the currently existing gap between our formal knowledge of gene structure and combinations, and our intuitive apprehension of growth and shape.

While they don't have definite answers, besides having good genes, Kawas said, the answer is probably a combination of being resilient to Alzheimer's Disease and also that they did not develop other dementia - causing conditions, such as microscopic infarctions that occur when blood flow is blocked from certain regions of the brain and hippocampal sclerosis, which causes neuron loss.

Our genes are long stretches of DNA molecules, which are made up of combinations of four chemical DNA «letters.»

In early 2009, a novel influenza A (H1N1) virus appeared in humans, containing a unique combination of influenza genes which had not previously been identified in animals or people.

The proposed strategy reflects a continuing move toward combination therapies, particularly when it comes to epigenetic approaches, which target the mechanisms that control whether genes are switched «on» or «off.»

The whole process is reminiscent of trial - and - error learning in which each cell explores — at its own rhythm and independently of cell division — different molecular possibilities (i.e. different genes turned on or off) before reaching a stable combination of active genes and the corresponding morphology.

But it can also produce organisms with new combinations of genes that are better adapted to their environment — which is apparently what happened in the case of L. lugubris.

Earlier this year a different research group discovered mutations in the gene kelch13 which were linked to reduced susceptibility to artemisinin combination treatment in South East Asia.

In his paper, Mr Gellatly demonstrates that it is likely men carry two different types of allele, which results in three possible combinations in a gene that controls the ratio of X and Y sperm;

The three genes, Cas, Eya and Hh, work in various combinations, sometimes repressively, to determine which types of cells are formed.

«Having a model such as this, which allows us to say if you want this type of wood, here are the genes that you need to modify, is very beneficial, especially when you have an enormous number of possible combinations with 21 pathway genes,» Wang says.

One difficulty in studying the genetics of common mental illnesses is that they are generally caused by environmental factors in combination with multiple gene variants, any one of which usually could not by itself cause disease.

Professor Siddiqui and his team identified multiple biological «micro-clusters» which means that there are different combinations of active genes in each of the reported subtypes of asthma.

In eukaryotes, almost all genes undergo alternative splicing, in which a precursor form of mRNA is cut and re-stitched together in numerous different combinations.

Recombination refers to the formation of new combinations of genes naturally during meiosis, which is a stage of the cell cycle where chromosomes pair up and undergo exchange.

In combination with a separate technique that measures the degree to which a gene is expressed, the researchers then identified genes that were either mutated or functionally altered through expression levels in these bladder cancer cell lines.

Our discovery shows that there are limitations to which combinations of genes work together,» says Anna Runemark, continuing:

It takes about three weeks to get the results of the saliva test, which looks for three combinations of ACTN3 genes, with a child getting one variant from his mother and one from his father.

It could help reveal which gene transcripts could serve as early signs of toxicity and which drug combinations might be particularly dangerous, for both new and existing drugs.

Through the combination of linkage data and exome sequencing, they have identified a deletion or loss of a single base in the gene encoding STAG3, which results in a prematurely truncated protein without function.

Since our collection of cell lines is completely genetically annotated — which means that mutations and expression changes in each line's genes have been documented — we should be able to identify in advance patients who will benefit from specific combinations.

For extended modules, many different combinations of perturbed genes could incapacitate the module, as a result of which mutations in different genes will appear to lead to the same phenotype (e.g., hypertrophic cardiomyopathy).

One commonly held theory is that autism results from the chance combinations of commonly occurring gene mutations, which are otherwise harmless.

Once the bacterial cell signaling protein cagA reaches the host cytosol, it is capable of altering subsequent generations of progenitor cells, leading to the development of cancer through changes in mitotic activity, apoptosis, cellular assembly, and signaling.26 Although it should be noted that while the presence of the cagA protein doubles the risk of gastric cancer, cagA - negative strands also increase the risk of distal gastric cancer.27 Additional H pylori virulence factors include babA2, which encodes bacterial adhesion with gastric epithelial cells, and vacuolating cytotoxin A, which is encoded by the gene vacA.28, 29 H pylori strains carrying some combination of the babA2, cagA, and vacA genes were associated with the highest risk of developing intestinal metaplasia.

The therapy delivered directly to a leg muscle restored dystrophin and increased muscle strength in the adult mouse, after which the researchers injected a combination of CRISPR and AAV, the most popular virus today for delivering genes, into the bloodstream to reach every muscle.

It's reinforced our view that we understand enough to know what to look for in humans and which combinations of genes to focus on.

This is in accordance with previous reports that decitabine and 5 - azacytidine produce a marked synergistic effect in combination with suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid and romidepsin in T - lymphoma cell lines by modulating cell cycle arrest and apoptosis.26, 27 As a mechanism of action, KMT2D mutations of B - lymphoma cells promote malignant outgrowth by perturbing methylation of H3K4 that affect the JAK - STAT, Toll - like receptor, or B - cell receptor pathway.28, 29 Here our study indicated that dual treatment with chidamide and decitabine enhanced the interaction of KMT2D with the transcription factor PU.1, thereby inactivating the H3K4me - associated signaling pathway MAPK, which is constitutively activated in T - cell lymphoma.13, 30,31 The transcription factor PU.1 is involved in the development of all hematopoietic lineages32 and regulates lymphoid cell growth and transformation.33 Aberrant PU.1 expression promotes acute myeloid leukemia and is related to the pathogenesis of multiple myeloma via the MAPK pathway.34, 35 On the other hand, PU.1 is also shown to interact with chromatin remodeler and DNA methyltransferease to control hematopoiesis and suppress leukemia.36 Our data thus suggested that the combined action of chidamide and decitabine may interfere with the differentiation and / or viability of PTCL - NOS through a PU.1 - dependent gene expression program.

ii) HNPCC: germ line inactivation of one allele of either of the mismatch repair genes MSH2 or MLH1 in combination with somatic inactivation of the other allele leads to an increase in the mutation rate, which in turn speeds up the adenoma to carcinoma progression.

The combination also significantly (P < 0.05) suppressed the expression of MDR1 and NANOG genes compared to doxorubicin alone, which did not have a significant effect (figure 3b).

«We narrowed our search to just 16 potential genes, which we then screened alongside GMT, in the hopes that we could find the right combination.»

With the premise that accumulation of putative resistance - conferring SNPs, potentially in combination with specific resistance genes, precedes full resistance, we retrogressively surveyed the hotspot loci and quantified the number of SNPs and / or genes, which if accumulated would confer full resistance to an otherwise susceptible strain.

There's a lot of doubt, however, over which particular gene — or combination of genes — on chromosome 21 is the actual cause of its symptoms.

The study shows that susceptibility to obesity can't just be due to a combination of our genes and our lifestyle, but could be caused by influences on a baby's development inside the womb, which includes what the mother consumed.

It is not clear which exact biomarker or combination of biomarkers is responsible for changes in the gene expression as there is a lot happening in the intestinal soup.

Autism is a «really complicated» disorder, and the evidence to date suggests that a combination of genes and so - called environmental factors — some of which may increase the risk of both autism and schizophrenia — are involved, says Patrick F. Sullivan, M.D., lead author of the study and director of the Center for Psychiatric Genomics at the University of North Carolina School of Medicine, in Chapel Hill.

The appearance of yellow puppies in this litter illustrates two principles of genetics — you can't always tell what the pups will look like by looking at the parents, and the pairing of genes is akin to a roll of the dice: it's almost impossible to predict which combinations will crop up.

With designer dogs, however, there is no guarantee which genes the puppies will inherit from either parent — it could be the best of both dogs, the worst of both, or a combination of the two.

It is important to remember that breeding · clear · dogs does not absolutely guarantee that puppies will be unaffected, as it is not usually possible to determine which genes both dam and sire carry and how their combinations will affect offspring.

Elbow dysplasia, like hip dysplasia, is a polygenetic trait which means that it is controlled by the combination of many genes.

A trait which occurs among members of the same family can be due to shared genes, shared environment, or a combination of genes and environment.

It lists the various genes known to impact Aussie coat color, the different versions of the genes, and which combinations result in which colors or patterns.

This combination of genomics (gene expression) and environmental toxicology is a rapidly growing field, and will enable us to better determine which chemicals or toxins may have lasting health effects on us and our environment.