Sentences with phrase «which gene variants»

Now, using modern molecular genetic methods, scientists can see which gene variants were in fact being selected during this process, and SWEET4 was among them.

Without knowing which gene variants were contributing useful properties, people simply selected the best plants for continued cultivation, in this case choosing plants that had large backpacks.

It's tough to learn which gene variants are associated with the disorder because many genes seem to be involved.

Approaching a biomedical problem from the informatics point of view — for example, Butte is studying which gene variants might predispose children to type 2 diabetes — allows a researcher to survey the available data without preconceived ideas.

A statistical algorithm then analyzes which gene variants the fetus has inherited from each parent and detects new mutations in the child's DNA.

Not exact matches

The company will now be able to sell health risk reports on three variants found on the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes, which are linked with a higher risk of breast, ovarian, and prostate cancer.

«Those carrying the target gene variant slept, on average, for five hours, which was one hour shorter than their twins without the gene.

These genes are implicated in highly penetrant genetic disorders for which surgical or other interventions aimed at preventing or significantly reducing morbidity and mortality are available to pathogenic variant carriers.5 Identification of a pathogenic variant in one of these genes could be diagnostic of a medical condition with potential implications for an individual's medical management.

Some genes have a variety of different forms, which are located at the same position on a chromosome; an allele is such a variant form of a gene.

Using a gene - sequencing technique known as whole - exome sequencing that targets only the DNA that encodes proteins, the researchers cataloged virtually every significant DNA variant in three families in which the condition is common.

They also worked out which of 221 dead relatives would have carried the gene variant, and analysed how long each of these lived.

The researchers looked at a type of genetic change called copy number variants, which refers to the number of copies of genes in human DNA.

The study, which is published in the journal Molecular Psychiatry, describes a possible mechanism for how the gene variant produces clinical symptoms by affecting levels of specific proteins in the brain.

In the journal Cell on July 27, researchers show how this DNA variant enhances the activity of a gene called endothelin - 1 (EDN1), which is known to promote vasoconstriction and hardening of the arteries.

A hitherto - unknown variant of the gene which makes rogue prions, the proteins that spread the disease, was found in 51 survivors and their descendants.

Those who are not protected and still develop allergies have a genetic variant of the A20 gene which causes the A20 protein to malfunction.»

Luckily, along came Armstead and his colleagues, who were working to precisely locate the sequence of a gene called staygreen (sgr) in the meadow grass Festuca pratensis, some variants of which remain green in drought and other unfavorable conditions because they are unable to break down a green pigment.

They discovered that several genetic variants in the hunter - gatherers were linked to a gene associated with physical performance, which they hypothesise could be part of the physiological adaptation to cold.

We did not find any evidence for a so - called «positive selection» but instead found that many gene variants linked to schizophrenia reside in regions of the genome in which natural selection is not very effective in the first place.

The team also examined data from a prior genetic study of children with asthma and found that a variant of the dectin - 1 gene — which reduces production of the receptor — is strongly linked to increased asthma risk.

One variant involves a gene that makes CLTCL1, which is a really interesting protein.

The standard theory of evolution is that animals that randomly inherited genes that produced beneficial traits — in the case of the giraffe, a longer neck, which made it easier to reach tall acacia trees — ate better, reproduced more often and passed these gene variants to their offspring.

While several studies in the intervening years have investigated whether particular genes were responsible for modifying HD onset, this is the first to employ genome - wide association (GWA) analysis, which scans an individual's whole genome to identify chromosomal regions containing variants that are associated with the disease traits that are being studied.

These discoveries build upon previous findings about genes linked to Alzheimer's, such as the APOE - 4 gene, which is a powerful marker for late - onset Alzheimer's disease; about 40 percent of those diagnosed have this DNA variant.

«Our research suggests that such variants may have piggybacked onto positively selected regions, which were also enriched in disease - related genes,» Lohmueller said.

About 4 percent of people in the study carried one of these two rare variants, which are located in the vicinity of the MGST1 gene on chromosome 12.

In 2011, Science's editors will be watching a smaller detector at the Large Hadron Collider called LHCb, which will study B mesons in great detail; new techniques that should lead to the discovery of many more genes contributing to adaptation; an ignited fusion burn at the National Ignition Facility; broadly neutralizing antibodies, which are capable of disabling a wide range of viral variants; the first plug - in hybrid electric cars whose batteries are charged from a wall socket go on the market; and the results of the first phase III trial of a malaria vaccine.

Spalax naturally have a variant in the p53 gene (a transcription factor and known tumor suppressor), which is identical to a cancer - related mutation in humans, Band said.

But because the gene appears to affect only the cat's color, white tigers are simply genetically healthy variants of Bengal tigers, which, if bred carefully, might still survive well in the wild.

The variant is in a gene called HMGA2, which has previously been linked with people's height.

But some of the babies did not show this normal decrease in vagal tone during distressing periods; the researchers found that these infants who lacked an effective response at ages three and six months shared a particular variant of the DRD2 gene, which regulates receptors for the neurotransmitter dopamine.

In this research, the group looked at two variants of miR - 21, a microRNA «oncomiR» known to target tumor suppressor genes and which is highly expressed in a number of cancers as well as other proliferative diseases such as psoriasis.

To determine which variant of the receptor genes study participants possess, DNA was collected via saliva samples for genetic analysis.

Professor Peter Kraft at Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, USA, says: «Given the size of these studies, we expected that we would find a lot of new breast cancer risk variants, but the studies tells us a lot more about which genes are involved, revealing many previously unsuspected genes and genetic mechanisms underlying breast carcinogenesis.

Five decades on from the appearance of the first MRSA, multiple MRSA lineages have emerged which have acquired different variants of the resistance gene.»

«Here we show that the bitterness of sampled ethanol varies with genetic differences in bitter taste receptor genes, which suggests a likely mechanism to explain previously reported relationships between these gene variants and alcohol intake.»

These 71 markers were found in the ANK1 and RHBDF2 genes, as well as ABCA7 and BIN1 which harbor known Alzheimer's disease susceptibility variants.

The study, which has identified more than 200 rare variants inherited by children, determines that genes YWHAZ and DRP2, among others, are new candidates in the research on autism genetic basis.

While previous investigations into the protein's effects have used either mice in which gene expression was knocked out or transgenic animals that expressed human gene variants throughout their lifetimes, the MGH - MIND - led study used a different approach to investigate the effects of introducing the variant forms of the protein into brains in which plaque formation had already begun.

They directly injected into the cerebrospinal fluid of a mouse model of Alzheimer's — adult animals in which plaques were well established — viral vectors carrying genes for one of the three APOE variants or a control protein.

Their analysis — which used DNA data from a Neandertal woman from the Altai Mountains in Siberia (SN: 1/25/14, p. 17) and 112,338 present - day British people — confirmed some links between Neandertal heritage and human diseases made by previous studies (SN: 3/5/16, p. 18), but didn't find evidence that Neandertal gene variants contribute to obesity.

Once transferred into the human genome, however, these alleles became subject to natural selection, which was more effective in the larger human populations and has removed these gene variants over time.

Results from the analysis confirmed previous findings of some copy number variants already associated with autism, but they also found a host of other genes (SHANK2, SYNGAP1, DLGAP2 and the X chromosome — linked DDX53 - PTCHD1 locus) in which mutations seem to be linked to autism.

The gene for MAO - A has several variants, some of which are associated with relatively higher and lower levels of enzyme activity.

And even if such a demand existed, there was no evidence that genetic counseling could help patients with psychiatric disorders, which — like most of the more common diseases — are caused by a complex interplay of multiple genes and variants as well as environmental factors.

For example, some people have a particular variant of the ADH1B gene that causes an amino acid change in this enzyme, which leads to faster enzyme activity so individuals with this variant metabolize alcohol more rapidly which means that acetaldehyde levels are temporarily increased.

In fact, in another study published last year, National Institute on Aging (NIA) researchers discovered that people with what's called a CR1 gene variant — the presence of which heightens Alzheimer's disease risk — had much lower levels of amyloid protein compared with those without the mutant gene.

One difficulty in studying the genetics of common mental illnesses is that they are generally caused by environmental factors in combination with multiple gene variants, any one of which usually could not by itself cause disease.

Researchers have identified a gene variant which explains why some patients with Parkinson's Disease respond well to drug treatment and other do not.

One study even identified two genes in which particular variants can slow the onset of AIDS, demonstrating the potential of this approach for understanding why people vary in their susceptibility to infectious diseases.