Sentences with phrase «which invades cells»

Not exact matches

Antibodies and killer cells, which are able to fight against pathogens invading our bodies, mature in these centres.

One reason for this is that the tumour cells invade surrounding, healthy brain tissue, which makes the surgical removal of the tumour virtually impossible.

Similar patches and treatments have already been tested against the «wet» form — in which blood vessels invade and destroy the retinal pigment epithelial cells that nourish and support the photoreceptor cells that capture light.

The virus appears to invade the brain by infecting a type of glial cell called olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs), which nourish smell - sensing neurons and guide them from the olfactory bulb to their targets in the nervous system.

One was a bone marrow transplant, in which imported donor cells could manufacture healthy T cells to fight invading germs.

The enzyme heparanase, which allows these cells to invade tissues, seems to be activated only in acidic environments such as those found in areas of inflammation.

The UC team first reported how to use CRISPR in pieces of circular DNA called plasmids that can invade bacteria, but the Broad won a race to apply the method to human cells, which represents a potential billion - dollar marketplace for medicines.

Every invaded cell in this assay is colored green and the assay showed that the cells on the left, lacking Id4, invaded much more than the cells on the right in which there was forced expression of Id4.

Glioblastoma is the most lethal form of primary brain tumor and leads to death in patients by invading the brain tissue in a process that allows single cells to move through normal brain tissue, which makes complete surgical removal of the tumor impossible.

Malaria, which can be especially deadly for kids, develops when mosquito - borne protozoan parasites invade and then burst out of red blood cells to enter the bloodstream.

Though viruses are generally thought to take over whatever organism they invade, Sullivan's lab has identified a few viruses, called prophages, which coexist with their host microbes and even produce genes that help the host cells compete and survive.

Cancer begins with a series of genetic changes that prompt a group of cells to overreplicate and then invade surrounding tissue, the point at which true malignancy begins.

When a virus invades a cell, one of the body's first signals that it's under attack comes from type I interferon proteins, which then rev up the production of hundreds of proteins that fight the virus.

Using a powerful imaging technique that allowed the scientists to track the presence and movement of parasites in living tissues, the researchers found that Toxoplasma infects the brain's endothelial cells, which line blood vessels, reproduces inside of them, and then moves on to invade the central nervous system.

Mammals keep iron out of reach of invading microbes by storing it in cells like macrophages — white blood cells which, among other things, normally «recycle» the iron from red blood cells back into the bloodstream.

HCV invades cells in the body by binding to specific receptors on the cell, enabling the virus to enter it.2 Once inside, HCV hijacks functions of the cell known as transcription, translation and replication, which enables HCV to make copies of its viral genome and proteins, allowing the virus to spread to other sites of the body.2 When HCV enters the host cell, it releases viral (+) RNA that is transcribed by viral RNA replicase into viral -LRB--) RNA, which can be used as a template for viral genome replication to produce more (+) RNA or for viral protein synthesis.

Instead of killing HIV, as it would do with other viruses, the CD4 cell makes more copies of HIV, which then leave to invade other CD4 cells, ad infinitum, until an irreversible, lethal cascade has been unleashed.

Such efforts could reveal more about how the parasite invades red blood cells and replicates inside cells, which could generate new drug and vaccine targets.

Similar patches have already had some positive results for the «wet» form, in which blood vessels invade and destroy the retinal pigment epithelial cells.

In battling infections, the body's immune system produces both B cells, which make antibodies to neutralize the invading pathogen, and T cells which directly destroy the virus.

«There are two types of T cells — CD8 and CD4 — which battle invading pathogens,» explains lead author Pablo Penaloza - MacMaster, PhD, a postdoctoral fellow in the Barouch laboratory and Instructor of Medicine at HMS «The CD8 T cells take the lead in eliminating virally infected cells while the CD4 «helper» T cells function indirectly, serving to bolster the responses of both CD8 T cells and antibody - producing B cells.»

The innate system — via stem cells in the bone marrow — mobilizes macrophages, which are a type of white blood cell that swallows and kills invading bacteria like Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) that causes TB.

High resolution 3D images reveal that once the three components of the parasite — nucleus (blue), other organelles (red), and the green pore the parasite brings with it and through which it invades (green)-- have attached to the cell, a switch is triggered and the parasite is free to burrow through the cell's membrane.

After applying heat, which breaks down the sample cells, it's then placed into the In - Dx testing panel and after 20 minutes of incubation time, the positive sample changes color, revealing the invading organism.

The team found plasmepsin IX in rhoptries, specialized cell structures inside the parasite, which help it invade red blood cells.

For instance, the team uncovered a new type of chemical - sensing tuft cell (which helps alert the immune system to infection or other forms of injury) that displayed markers previously thought to be exclusive to immune cells and which may help sound the alarm about allergens and invading parasites.

These cells, often referred to as bone marrow stroma cells, develop during bone formation, from the early osteoprogenitor cells which later invade along the forming blood vessel and enter the bone marrow.

French scientists have learned how Listeria monocytogenes, which causes a major food - borne illness, commandeers cellular transport machinery to invade cells and hide from the body's immune system...

-- Cancer cells invade the normal brain, which makes them difficult to treat.

They believe the mutated gene causes cancer by triggering cytoskeleton malfunction, which allows the cancer cells to move more quickly than normal cells, essentially invading the surrounding healthy tissue.

Human pathology studies suggest that tumor cells invade collectively as strands, cords and clusters of cells into the stroma, which is dramatically reorganized during cancer progression.

When the meninges, the membranes which cover the brain and the spinal cord, become invaded by leukemic cells.

The infection comes from the Plasmodium falciparum malaria parasite which invades the human host's bloodstream and liver cells.

Harold Varmus: Well the simplistic way to think about that is and I'm not sure this is the way it will be worked out, is to be able to take just a few cells from those early lesions and examine them genetically or for other kinds of marks on the DNA that would predict whether or not this is some - this is a lesion which might or an early stage growth that might never be able to progress, but it is also possible that every early tumor of that kind has some probability of expanding and invading and growing to become a medical problem, so getting that right will obviously be crucial because it's very difficult to say when you've diagnosed something that is an early stage tumor that it won't progress.

Invadopodia secrete proteases to degrade the BM, and then elongate which allows the cell to invade the subjacent tissue.

Dendritic cells capture fragments of invading germs and then present these fragments to other immune cells, which use the information to launch immune responses.

It strengthens the liver cell walls, which keeps invading toxins out, and supports liver regeneration.

APS (also known as astragalus polysaccharide) has been shown to activate the immune system by enhancing the transformation of T lymphocytes (a sub-type of white blood cells, crucial in the regulation of immune responses), as well as the activation of B lymphocytes (which produce antibodies that are used to attack invading bacteria, viruses, and toxins) and dendritic cells, which trigger immune reactions to toxins.

Researchers found that Vitamin D acts directly on the beta defensin 2 gene, which encodes an antimicrobial peptide, and the NOD2 gene that alerts cells to the presence of invading microbes.

Autophagy is the process by which cells capture large dysfunctional proteins, aging cell components, and invading pathogens into packages to be disposed of (7).

The pathologist examining your cat's biopsy samples will be able to tell which are the predominant white blood cells invading the intestine.

There are many feline diseases, but what makes this one unique is that the coronavirus invades the white blood cells which are meant to protect the cat fro disease.

When the immune system mounts a defense against the invaded white cells, which are themselves infection - fighting cells, the immune system ends up damaging its own protective cells and tissues,» says Dr. Richards.

Abnormal cells are created, forming tumors which invade surrounding healthy tissue.