Sentences with phrase «which modeling assumptions»

Not exact matches

HOWEVER... said the report summary: «Under the assumption that e-cigarette use increases the rate at which adults quit conventional smoking, modeling projects that use of e-cigarettes will generate a net public health benefit...»

Many a desktop computer has been purchased specifically to take advantage of these programs, which allow even an unsophisticated computer user to change a few critical assumptions and, in the blink of an eye, recalculate an entire financial model (see «How VisiCalc Works,» INC., November 1981, page 104).

The model on which it was based is a marvel of restrictive assumptions: an economy that is closed to trade, expectations about inflation that are essentially myopic, interest rates that are largely impervious to the demand for credit and investment that is largely impervious to interest rates.

Mundell's model was extremely simple and included a number of heroic assumptions, but it accurately reflected important elements of the world in which open economies operate.

Using your key assumptions, business model and execution plan, develop a financial plan for the business which includes:

I would have liked the meetings to focus on validating or trashing the basic premises or assumptions on which the entire business model was structured.

This retrospective summarizes key models that make psychology - based assumptions about: individual preferences; individual beliefs; and, the process by which individuals make decisions.

The problem with the Fed Model is that it presumes a one - to - one relationship between those two yields, an assumption which is an artifact of the disinflationary period from 1982 to 1998.

When you say «Copernicanism», are you referring to the heliocentric model of the solar system — which David's post discussed — or are you referring more broadly to the assumption that we aren't in an especially privileged position in the universe?

Process - theological models stand generally under the cosmological assumption of an infinite process of the production of always new events without end and aim — an assumption, to which Whitehead gave the name of the «remorseless working of things in Greek and Buddhist thought» (PR 244).

@Lawrence of Arabia, A mathematical model by definition is an approximation based on certain assumptions, such as the existence of zombies, without which it means nothing, but the math still works.

Perhaps we were prevented from raising the question of alternatives because of an implicit assumption that there existed an American model which all these nations were wrongheaded enough to reject.

Churches have used both these models and a close examination of the assumptions upon which they are built shows they are not appropriate for church communities.

An interesting study of christological models has been written by John McIntyre.4 The «two - natures model» (which he takes as a single complex model involving both divine and human natures) has dominated Christian thought, but it has a number of limitations; it is tied to the Aristotelian categories of substance and attribute, and it tends to view the incarnation as the assumption of an abstract human nature rather than the personal individuality of a particular man.

The first he called the «cognitive - propositionalist» model — an intellectual approach to theology that dominated for most of Christian history, named for its assumption that theology concerns intellectual assent to propositions which correspond with reality.

Political models should be: (1) relevant — they should reflect the empirical system they attempt to symbolize; (2) economical — they should simplify that which is being modeled; (3) rigorous — they should apply the same operating rules and assumptions of the scheme at every level of the system; (4) combinatorially rich — they should be able to generate webs of relationships or patterns throughout the system; (5) powerful organizers — they should have relevance or correspondence to processes beyond the range of their initial concern; (6) original — they should give insights beyond the highly probable visions of everyday language and experience.

The history of science provides many examples of this combination of analogy and innovation in the creation of models which were useful in generating theories.4 The «Bohr model» of the atom, in which «planetary» electrons revolve in orbits around a central nucleus, resembles the solar system in certain of its dynamical properties; but the key assumption of quantum jumps between orbits had no classical parallel at all.

We know that these three kinds of ministry of the New Testament epoch were modeled in part on Jewish and pagan precedents and we shall take note of the extent to which they were elaborated in self - conscious polemical parallelism alongside these rival institutions on the assumption that Christians were the militia of Christ under the heavenly Emperor and the true or new and ongoing Israel of God.

One of these was the rationality of the actors involved; another was the assumption of informed self - interest (which entailed rational preference formulation); and additionally, these models sought to understand economics through the interaction of individuals in market conditions.

Moreover, it closely mirrors the theoretical approaches in economics: it is a model which utilises relatively basic assumptions about human behaviour in a stylised choice setting in order to draw conclusions about individual preferences.

ETH researchers have now shown that the high estimated mutation rates at the start of the epidemic were due to the limited number of virus samples at the time in combination with the computer models used, which calculate the estimates using genetic data from virus samples and from underlying assumptions.

The models rely on a long list of assumptions, making it difficult to know which one of them (if any) corresponds to the real world.

They started with a 12 - year - old model developed by researcher Manju Ahuja, which, they contend, included popular assumptions that had not been thoroughly tested.

The authors conclude that although further research is needed to evaluate the epidemiologic context under which the assumptions of these models hold true as well as the ethical and logistic considerations, it is clear that increased testing is a critical component of controlling the HIV epidemic.

Although these models vary in complexity, the simplest one is the so - called «poll of polls» approach, which simply averages the outcomes of all the polls under the assumption their respective biases will at least partially wash out.

He says that microgravity shifts water around inside astronauts» bodies, which means their density may not match the assumptions in the model.

Our model requires neither the initial assumption of a decline in older female fertility nor the effects of inclusive fitness through which older, non-reproducing women assist in the reproductive efforts of younger women.

On the limited information available to me, they seem quite promising — but it certainly would have been helpful in making judgments on this point if the IPCC had modelled a low - medium population projection (as in the A1 and B1 scenarios) which made more moderate assumptions about growth in output and energy use.

This is due to the finiteness of the dataset, model structure mismatch and other circumstances by which the ideal assumptions, used in the derivation of the identifiablity results are violated.â??

Finally, that all cells within the population are synchronized during the saccade, and that the burst properties are determined by the saccade in which the cell participates, rather than by its location in the map, is not a model assumption either.

The proportional hazards assumption of the Cox models was evaluated with Schoenfeld residuals, which revealed no significant departures from proportionality in hazards over time.

Our basic assumption was that K12's model — which relied on parents or other caretakers doing most of the instruction — wouldn't be feasible for kids living in poverty, most of whom would need the custodial care offered by traditional public schools.

When we look to test - based evidence — and look no further — to decide whether choice «works,» we are making two rather extraordinary, unquestioned assumptions: that the sole purpose of schooling is to raise test scores, and that district schools have a place of privilege against which all other models must justify themselves.

Too many leaders «have a deficit model» in which they «make the assumption that the community has nothing to offer the school improvement process,» she says.

The whole thing brings to my mind the collateralized debt bubble, in which incredibly complex models were built atop a pretty narrow set of assumptions and the simple conviction that assumptions could be taken as givens.

Among other issues, researchers have considered which scaling properties are necessary for measuring growth (see, for example, here), whether the tests» scale properties met the assumptions of the statistical models being used (see, for example, here), if growth in student achievement is scale dependent (see, for example, here), and even if tests that were vertically scaled could meet the assumptions required by regression - based models (see, for example, here).

But I am also aware that every study is premised on modeling assumptions (such as which years to include), and those assumptions are often the subject of scholarly debate.

It's the same story with the reliability: as the Giulia sits on an all - new platform, set to underpin a huge range of new models over the next few years, there's nothing to base assumptions about reliability on yet, aside from perceived build quality, which seems solid on first impressions.

My goal is to help you understand some of the assumptions I've made about the publishing process (which follows a traditional model), as well as where you can save time and expense.

Which program is ultimately less expensive depends heavily on the economic assumptions one uses in a model of the program costs.

Backtested results are calculated by the retroactive application of a model constructed on the basis of historical data and based on assumptions integral to the model which may or may not be testable and are subject to losses.

Later researchers (Sharpe - Lintner - Mossin) introduced simplifying assumptions (known as the Capital Asset Pricing Model CAPM) which, in essence, equate the optimal portfolio to the market as a whole.

His strategy affords a critical distance through which collective assumptions are revisited, and the status quo of inherited models can be challenged.

I think that climate scientists are putting too much emphasis in their models (which I would guess involve assumptions that are much more uncertain that cointegration analysis).

On the limited information available to me, they seem quite promising — but it certainly would have been helpful in making judgments on this point if the IPCC had modelled a low - medium population projection (as in the A1 and B1 scenarios) which made more moderate assumptions about growth in output and energy use.

What I find most interesting is that the models are not normally distributed in calculated average surface temperature; there is a relatively tight cluster of models (22 data points) around 14.7 + / - 0.15 C absolute temperature and the rest spread out over 12.3 C to 14.1 C; perhaps the clustered models are based on common assumptions an / or strategies which lead to a relatively consistent calculated average surface temperature.

There is no modelling of any orbital variations in incoming energy, either daily, yearly or long term Milankovitch variations, based on the assumption that a global yearly average value has a net zero change over the year which is imposed on the energy forcing at the TOA and the QFlux boundary etc..

This is due to the finiteness of the dataset, model structure mismatch and other circumstances by which the ideal assumptions, used in the derivation of the identifiablity results are violated.â??

Ok in response to relative humidity being at or near constant, it is the models which tend to represent it as so, due to the input assumption as so.

I advise military evaluators to RIGOROUSLY assess the assumptions of statistical models (not to be confused with physical processes) upon which climate scientists, solar scientists, etc. base estimates of uncertainty.