Sentences with phrase «which new brain cells»

Lastly, we also have studies that have shown that cortisol decreases the rate at which new brain cells are made.

Chronically high cortisol levels, which are associated with stress, have been shown to kill brain cells, cause premature aging in the brain, and decrease the rate at which new brain cells are made.

The size of the brain's ventricles — cerebrospinal fluid - filled spaces deep within the brain — became progressively larger during the course of treatment, and changes were also seen within the subventricular zone, one of two structures in which new brain cells are generated in adults.

Not exact matches

Scientists now recognize that intense exercise helps your brain produce brain - derived neutrophic factor, an important protein that helps stimulate the process of neurogenesis, which is the growth of new brain cells.

If human brains are like body's cells, there is a natural point of specialization, in which new systems break away and form similar but slightly different branches, as cells in a body become fingers, feet, hands, etc..

The existing patterns of physical feeling in my brain cells have to be deflected repeatedly by fresh novelty — now this way, now that way, in a tedious sequence of trial - and - error, before these tiny bodily societies learn the new patterns which enable them to respond to my aims to type.

The study, «Polarity of varicosity initiation in central neuron mechanosensation,» which will be published June 12 in The Journal of Cell Biology, observes the swelling process in live cultured neurons and could lead to new ways of limiting the symptoms associated with concussive brain injuries.

Yang said the study not only indicated which genes are affected by traumatic brain injury and linked to serious disease, but also might point to the genes that govern metabolism, cell communication and inflammation — which might make them the best targets for new treatments for brain disorders.

But following the removal of the primary tumor, micrometastatic cells learn to communicate with cells in their new microenvironment in the brain — cells which are, at first, hostile to them.

Dr. Del Maestro adds, «Yong and colleagues at the University of Calgary have begun to unravel the complex interaction of the microglia with the brain tumor cells, resulting not only in furthering our understanding, but providing a new concept and drug which can now be immediately assessed in clinical trials.»

One clinical trial involves the drug CGF166, a one - time gene therapy, which, if proven successful in humans, could regenerate new hair cells within the cochlea that can signal the part of the brain that processes sound.

Further animal studies by Kipnis and others show that learning new tasks triggers a mild stress response within the brain, which prompts CD4 cells to rally to the meninges, the membranes that surround the brain.

In the new study, the team focused on neurons called amacrine cells and horizontal cells, which have a known role in «preprocessing» — or adjusting — electrical signals transmitted to the brain from the photoreceptors after they have been stimulated by light photons.

The research effort he directs focuses on entirely new compounds that might slow the loss of brain cell connections, which may play a role in schizophrenia biology.

When scientists were able to prevent the excessive neurogenesis which occurs within days of the injury with a drug similar to one under trial for chemotherapy treatments, the rate of birth of new brain cells went back to normal levels and risk for seizures was reduced.

Working with mice, researchers at Johns Hopkins have contributed significant new evidence to support the idea that high doses of cocaine kill brain cells by triggering overactive autophagy, a process in which cells literally digest their own insides.

In a new study published in Science, the laboratory of Sebastian Jessberger, professor in the Brain Research Institute of the University of Zurich, has shown for the first time the process by which neural stem cells divide and newborn neurons integrate in the adult mouse hippocampus.

The new technique, which yields cells resembling those found in older people's brains, will be a boon to scientists studying age - related diseases like Alzheimer's and Parkinson's.

The active periods might be providing brief windows during which nerve cells can easily connect to other cells, and the slower, more relaxed periods might allow the brain to then cement those new connections in place.

The major advancement with the new study is that it demonstrates for the first time that self - repair in the adult brain involves astrocytes entering a process by which they change their identity to nerve cells.

The great New York Yankees first baseman was diagnosed with ALS in 1939 and died two years later from the progressive neuromuscular disorder, which attacks nerve cells that lead from the brain and the spinal cord to muscles throughout the body.

New research in mice reveals that during sleep the connections between brain cells, which hold information learned throughout the day, undergo massive shrinkage.

A previously unknown mechanism through which the brain produces new nerve cells after a stroke has been discovered at Lund University and Karolinska Institutet in Sweden.

Chemotherapy was found to limit the production of new brain cells in regions responsible for memory function, which leads to a loss of memory.

In the new study, the researchers discovered that during the second trimester of human brain development, oRG cells express genes related to a fundamental signaling pathway called mTOR, defects in which have previously been implicated in autism and several other psychiatric disorders.

«The results also show us that there are major abnormalities in how these proteins function in brain cells, which could potentially provide a new target for treatments.»

Sure enough, they showed signs of ageing: more inflammation in the brain, and fewer new brain cells being generated, which happens in a process called neurogenesis.

«A better understanding of the brain region and cell type - specific binding targets of Hnrnph1 will tell us more about the function of this gene and possibly identify new therapeutic strategies for minimizing risk and treating psychostimulant addiction — a disorder for which there is currently no FDA - approved drug,» explained corresponding author Camron Bryant, PhD, assistant professor of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics & Psychiatry at BUSM.

To regain function, connections from the brain to the spinal cord must regrow, different types of immune cells have to clear the injury site, and stem cells in the spinal cord need to generate new nerve cells, which then connect to the muscles.

Studying a new type of pinhead - size, lab - grown brain made with technology first suggested by three high school students, Johns Hopkins researchers have confirmed a key way in which Zika virus causes microcephaly and other damage in fetal brains: by infecting specialized stem cells that build its outer layer, the cortex.

Using a new imaging technique, the scientists monitored the formation of insulating layers around nerve cells, a process called myelination, which is vital for normal brain function.

The scientists implanted neural stem cells into the hippocampus, which is a brain region involved in making new memories and connecting them to emotions.

We are using these new tools to image the structural features of individual cells, such as the cell body and the axons of the cells, which are long fibers that extend from each neuron, together forming the optic nerve that transmits visual information to the brain.

In 2010, Kriegstein's lab discovered a new type of neural stem cell in the human brain, which they dubbed outer radial glia (oRGs) because these cells reside farther away from the nurturing ventricles, in an outer layer of the subventricular zone (oSVZ).

The researchers, who published their work in Cell today (April 12), designed their a neural network, a program modeled after the brain, using an approach called deep learning, which uses data to recognize patterns, form rules, and apply those rules to new information.

This observation led the team to propose that BRCA1 has an additional role in assisting neurons in orienting: the gene acts on the centromere of DNA — essentially an anchor for the chromosome arms essential in cell replication — to tell the new cell in which direction to grow, providing guidance in developing the brain's organized layers.

The enzyme that degrades these chains is called heparanase, and the researchers found that medulloblastoma cells, as well as cells from other childhood brain tumours, need this enzyme, which may suggest new ways to treat the tumor.

The team used genetically engineered mice to study the effects of different human apoE variants on the maturation of neural stem cells or progenitor cells, from which new neurons develop in the adult brain.

New research into CAR - T cell therapy has revealed crucial mechanisms that could help the immunotherapy technique, which is currently only effective against blood cancers, be adapted for the treatment of brain tumors and other forms of solid cancers.

Normally, the rate at which these cells divide to form new brain cells is low, and restricted to small spots in the brain.

Describing the brain as a big circuit board in which each new experience creates a new circuit, Hopkins neuroscience professor Richard Huganir, Ph.D. says that he and his team found that during emotional peaks, the hormone norepinephrine dramatically sensitizes synapses - the site where nerve cells make an electro - chemical connection - to enhance the sculpting of a memory into the big board.

«If it gets in the brain, it gets in every cell in the body,» notes Luca Santarelli, head of neuroscience at Roche, which is co-developing its splicing - targeted drug with PTC Therapeutics of Piscataway, New Jersey.

Researchers have found a new group of cells in the retina that directly affect the biological clock by sending signals to a region of the brain which regulates our daily (circadian) rhythms.

Dr Bateman's lab recently identified a new gene, called Unkempt, which works together with the TSC1 / 2 genes to control how nerve cells develop in the brain.

A new study is the first to reveal how sleep deprivation disrupts our brain cells» ability to communicate with each other, which scientists believe leads to temporary mental lapses.

These special healing cells also hold as their primary mechanism the growth of new blood vessels which restores the flow of oxygen - rich blood to the brain for a wide spectrum of healing benefits.

For more than a century, scientists thought that glial cells were responsible for scar formation; now, however, a paper published in Science shows that spinal cord scar tissue largely derives from a completely unexpected type of cell called a pericyte, opening new opportunities for the treatment of damaged nerve tissue.Lesions to the brain or spinal cord rarely heal fully, which leads to permanent functional impairment.

Walnuts also contain polyphenolic compounds such as pedunculagin which can reduce the inflammatory load on brain cells, enhance neural connections, and increase neurogenesis (new neuron creation in the brain).

Broccoli contains a high amount of choline which is necessary for new brain cell growth.

Develops new nerve cells from the stem cells (blank cells) in the hippocampus, which is the part of the brain related to memory and learning.