Sentences with phrase «which other body cells»

Not exact matches

Scientists have identified as many as 80 others, which range from type 1 diabetes, which develops when the body attacks its insulin - producing cells, to multiple sclerosis, psoriasis, and rheumatoid arthritis.

In a rare appearance Dr. Chandan Sen, Director, OSU Center for Regenerative Medicine & Cell - Based Therapies will explain how this breakthrough came about and how the technology is leading to other medical discoveries and how the principle can be used to generate any tissue out of skin or fat which is abundant in human body.

As the first member of the body of Christ, Peter is the rock or foundation for the building up of the church, the cell to which all other cells are attached in the growth of that body.

Even as we are the selves we are only in relation to others and most directly to the others, the organs and cells, that constitute our own bodies, so God, too, exists as the supreme self only in relation to the cosmic body which is the world or the universe as a whole.

The purpose of catalase in living cells is to protect them from oxidative damage, which can occur when cells or other molecules in the body come into contact with oxidative compounds.

And in a basket cell (above), axon branches, which allow the nerve cell to send messages to other neurons, cluster densely around the cell body.

In another neuron called a chandelier cell (above), vertical branches of its signal - sending axon, which serves to quiet other cells, dangle around the cell body.

Infectious organisms trip specialized immune cells in the body and cause them to pump out proteins called cytokines, which produce inflammation and other hallmarks of infection, such as chills and fever.

Cultures representing two other hereditary liver diseases, alpha 1 — antitrypsin deficiency (a protein - folding disorder that leads to cell death and liver failure) and glycogen storage disease, type 1a (in which a liver enzyme deficiency impairs the body's glucose metabolism), also displayed disorder - specific abnormalities.

MicroRNAs in other cells of the body were unaltered in the specially bred mice but still there was a shortage of microRNA in their feces — suggesting a link between that which would normally be in the gut with the microRNA that shows up in the feces.

Another strategy, which Steinman and others were studying, involves a therapy to target dendritic cells inside the body rather than taking them out and personalizing therapy for each patient.

T cells, along with B cells and others, comprise the adaptive arm of the immune system, the body's second line of defense which quickly attacks and «remembers» specific pathogens.

The genes O, S, and K were known to help the cells become pluripotent, which allows them to produce any other cell type in the body.

Esrp1 and Esrp2 are active specifically in epithelial cells, which form the skin, the inner layers of the gut and lung, and other tissues in the body.

Leptin, which is made by fat cells, is thought to signal the body that it has enough energy in reserve to launch into the growth spurt and other changes of puberty.

«Triple - negative breast cancer cells are highly mobile in the body, which helps them metastasize to other organs throughout the body,» Hyder said.

The team's next avenue of research will be focused on identifying a «biomarker» that can identify this distinct suppressive cell elsewhere in the body — for example, in blood or other samples — as a potential predictive clinical tool to determine when these cells are present in patients, which currently can not be done.

Hydrochlorothiazide increased the risk of basal cell carcinoma, which is the least serious type of skin cancer, as well as of squamous cell carcinoma, which is more aggressive and in some cases manages to spread to other parts of the body.

These findings may help explain why some people with mutations in certain ribosomal protein genes develop conditions such as Diamond - Blackfan anemia — a blood disorder in which the bone marrow doesn't make enough red blood cells — but don't have problems in other body tissues, Ware says.

HCV invades cells in the body by binding to specific receptors on the cell, enabling the virus to enter it.2 Once inside, HCV hijacks functions of the cell known as transcription, translation and replication, which enables HCV to make copies of its viral genome and proteins, allowing the virus to spread to other sites of the body.2 When HCV enters the host cell, it releases viral (+) RNA that is transcribed by viral RNA replicase into viral -LRB--) RNA, which can be used as a template for viral genome replication to produce more (+) RNA or for viral protein synthesis.

The trouble is that the virus targets not only the lymphocyte cells, which include T cells — a key component of the body's immune system helping to fight diseases — but also other immune system cells.

In mice, TGN1412 primarily triggered regulatory T cells, which block the action of other T cells (and thereby reduce autoimmune reactions, wherein immune cells turn on the body's own cells).

Alpha - synuclein is the primary structural component of Lewy bodies, which are clumps of protein that develop inside nerve cells in Parkinson's disease and some other disorders.

ILC3s that lacked Id2 were unable to produce a molecule called IL - 22 that subsequently stimulates other intestinal cells to produce antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), which help protect the body against pathogenic infections.

While stem cells — cells that have the potential to differentiate into other types of cells — exist in adult humans, the most useful stem cells are those found in embryos, which are pluripotent, capable of becoming nearly any cell in the body.

«It's likely that these microbial signals reach other cells throughout the body, which in turn mount their own specific responses,» Rawls said.

The team's findings may also be relevant to inflammatory disorders that affect other parts of the body, such as the linings of the gut and bowel, which, like the skin, are replenished by epithelial stem cells.

At the same time, other switches get flipped throughout the body, modifying everything from metabolism to cell growth, via other cytokines, such as IL - 6 and tumor necrosis factor — a, and things like CRP, which mark bacteria for destruction.

They also believe that SIRT1 might be important to maintaining the health of other types of stem cells in the body, which may be linked to overall aging.

Dendrites, which branch from the cell body of the neuron, play a key role in the communication between cells of the nervous system, allowing for many neurons to connect with each other.

Or they can treat patients with plasma exchange, in which the body's red blood cells are separated from the plasma (which carries the antibodies and other immune cells) and then returned without the plasma.

Schwann cells form a protective myelin sheath around nerves, which acts as insulation to ensure rapid transmission of neural signals to limbs and other parts of the body.

«We know from animal models that there are critical periods during early development when cells are rapidly dividing and forming the circuitry through which cells will communicate with each other to form various tissues of the body,» said Retha Newbold, a reproductive biologist at the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences in North Carolina.

While this current study primarily focused on the role of Myc and TXNIP in triple negative cancer nutrient uptake and utilization, Ayer said the proteins also appear to play a role in metastasis, the process by which cancer cells spread to other parts of the body.

Exosomes and other extracellular vesicles (EVs) are small membrane vesicles containing protein, messenger RNA, microRNA, DNA, and lipids, which are secreted by various cells and are stable in body fluids including blood, saliva, urine, cerebrospinal fluid, and breast milk.

Metastasis is a life - threatening condition in which cancer cells break away from the site where they formed to other areas of the body.

To solve that problem, the researchers started with patients» blood cells and reprogrammed them into so - called induced pluripotent stem cells, which can make any other cell in the body and grow indefinitely in the laboratory.

Scientists at the Universities of York and Texas have found that a component of cancer cells, which acts like a «cellular post office», could be the key to preventing the spread of lung cancer to other parts of the body.

Metastasis, the process by which cancer cells disseminate from their primary site to other parts of the body, leads to the death of most cancer patients.

At one end, the nerves reach the skin cells where they gather sensory information, and at the other end is the cell body, which contains the nucleus and the neuron's genetic information.

In other words, adult stem cells can differentiate (turn into) skin, bone and cartilage, in addition to secreting other beneficial growth and repair factors which can «turn on» the body's native ability to repair itself.

The labelling is for acetylated tubulin in red (identifying all axons), and green for the cell permeable dye calcein, which is only applied on the axonal side of the chambers (top half) and allows the identification of those neuronal cell bodies (bottom half) that have extended axons to the other side of the microfluidic device.

Although your adult stem cells have the capacity to repair or replace damaged tissue, the powerful cells which reside in your body fat (or adipose tissue) have a few other important functions which make them uniquely qualified for the job of treating chronic disease:

Often within the whole body situation differences are found in direction of flux, metabolic control etc. when compared to isolated cells, as is the case with some other pharmaceutical findings which do not progress to active clinical treatments.

The parasites cover themselves in carbohydrates, which look like food and also cover all other cells in the body.

Diamond - Blackfan anemia (DBA) is a rare blood disorder that occurs when the bone marrow fails to make red blood cells, which are essential for carrying oxygen from the lungs to all the other parts of the body.

Multiple myeloma and other plasma cell neoplasms (cancers) are diseases in which the body makes too many plasma cells.

They uniquely possess the ability to become any other cell in the body, which makes them extraordinarily powerful and dangerous.

Axon extension of a nerve cell along which nerve impulses travel away from the cell body towards other cells.

As we already know, starch is a complex carbohydrate in the form of many small molecules that are attached to each other in large chains, which get broken down into smaller ones once they are digested for the purpose of meeting the energy needs of all cells in our bodies.