Sentences with phrase «which oxygen and hydrogen»

With the discovery, the material that the researchers call «metal oxide - laser induced graphene» (MO - LIG) becomes a new candidate to replace expensive metals like platinum in catalytic fuel - cell applications in which oxygen and hydrogen are converted to water and electricity.

Not exact matches

Elements and compounds below the surface could be used to create fuel, including water, which can be split into useful hydrogen and oxygen.

All living creatures are organisms or living systems, the essential components of which are carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen and oxygen.

Physics is sufficiently advanced today to define many substances very perfectly, in their very essence, in terms of those causes which constitute them, and in this we see that the active relationship by which, let us say, oxygen and hydrogen are defined as causes of water in a given relativity, is an active potency in those causes of dynamic finality with respect to the composite substance which is water.

Is it the same kind of language as that in which we say, «The battle of Hastings was fought in 1066» or «Water is composed of oxygen and hydrogen»?

Unlike ice sanitizing technologies that use UV light or other sources that create ozone, which can be hazardous to health, the patent - pending BPi200 uses a small electrical housing and carbon - fiber brushes to release airborne positive hydrogen and negative oxygen ions throughout the ice machine without creating ozone.

«One of the proposed scenarios,» comments Romano Corradi, director of the GTC and another of the authors «is the presence of a component in the gas which is different from that which we normally find, poor in hydrogen and rich in heavier elements such as oxygen and carbon.

The substance, which consists of a fluid of hydrogen ions running through a lattice of oxygen, was formed by compressing water between two diamonds and then zapping it with a laser.

There are basically two types of lines, those produced by collisions between the atoms or ions and the electrons in the surrounding gas, which are called collision lines, and which are very bright for elements such as oxygen, nitrogen and neon, and lines which are produced when ions capture free electrons, which are called recombination lines, and which are bright only for those gases with the highest abundances in the interstellar medium: hydrogen and helium.

Where the numbers really pile up is in the operation of Kennedy Space Center, which includes pumping 300,000 gallons of water to protect the shuttle from launch vibrations, moving the rockets, and keeping hundreds of tons of liquid oxygen and hydrogen cool.

Nocera had been working on a «bionic leaf» in which solar panels provide the energy to split water into hydrogen and oxygen gases.

Kanzius had essentially replicated the centuries - old method of water electrolysis, separating water into hydrogen and oxygen gases by running a current through water loaded with salt, which makes it conductive.

At high heat, the cladding interacts with the surrounding water vapor, binding tightly to the oxygen and freeing the hydrogen, which escapes as a gas.

BUGGING OUT Not only can this insectlike robot fly and swim, but it also splits water into hydrogen and oxygen gas, which the bot ignites to propel itself from the water.

What differentiates this process from tradition biofuel production is the infusion of hydrogen — it removes the dilutive oxygen that most biofuels contain, leaving only the combustible isoparaffins and paraffins, which are indistinguishable from the molecules in refined petroleum.The only byproduct of the process is propane, which can be reintroduced into the production loop as a source of hydrogen.

Every protein consists of a long chain of joined - together amino acids, which are small molecules made up of atoms of carbon, oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur and hydrogen.

While lower - energy ultraviolet radiation breaks up water molecules — a process called photodissociation — ultraviolet rays with more energy (XUV radiation) and X-rays heat the upper atmosphere of a planet, which allows the products of photodissociation, hydrogen and oxygen, to escape.

Asteroids also contain an abundance of water, which, aside from serving as hydration during space travel, could be used as a shield to protect spaceships from the sun's radiation or to produce hydrogen - and oxygen - based rocket fuels.

The lander would refuel on the space station, and would utilize liquid hydrogen fuel, which would come from water molecules broken into their composite oxygen and hydrogen atoms.

The highly reactive radical, Cl •, then abstracts a hydrogen atom of CH4 to give methyl radicals, CH3 •, which in turn react with oxygen to produce valuable methanol and formic acid.

Bacteria sitting in the top layer of sediment receive electrons that they use to consume oxygen from oxygen - deprived but well - nourished bacteria deep down, which consume hydrogen sulfide and carbon.

Currently, electrolyzers (machines that split water into its constituent hydrogen and oxygen) need a catalyst, namely platinum, to run; ditto fuel cells to recombine that hydrogen with oxygen, which produces electricity.

First, they reacted their pyrolysis oils with hydrogen over a ruthenium and platinum catalyst, which stripped out much of the oxygen from the acids and added hydrogen.

MacDonnell also has worked on developing new photocatalysts for hydrogen generation, with the goal of creating an artificial photosynthetic system which uses solar energy to split water molecules into hydrogen and oxygen.

Roth and his colleagues instead went looking in Hubble's ultraviolet images, which can capture the light emitted when hydrogen and oxygen molecules collide with stray electrons.

Using spectral readings from telescopes at the Keck Observatory in Hawaii, Hand has found high levels of oxidative chemicals such as sulfate, oxygen, sulfur dioxide and hydrogen peroxide on Europa's surface, which are produced as ionizing radiation from Jupiter scours it, splitting apart water molecules and sulfur compounds in the uppermost layers of its ice.

Ideally smaller - scale factories would also be able to make hydrogen peroxide on site, but this would require a completely different set of chemistry, direct synthesis of H2O2 from hydrogen and oxygen gas, which has long been poorly understood according to researchers at the University of Illinois at Urbana - Champaign.

Janez Cerkovnik and Bozo Plesnicar of the University of Ljubljana in Slovenia used a reaction similar to the commercial process for manufacturing hydrogen peroxide, which employs an anthraquinone compound to reduce oxygen.

The favoured idea is that water is responsible, but some argue that hydrogen peroxide and ozone, which might be created when ultraviolet light breaks down the carbon dioxide and oxygen in the Martian atmosphere, could be involved.

Hope will probe the link between processes in the lower atmosphere, which contains most of the martian atmosphere's water vapor, and the escape of hydrogen and oxygen from the upper atmosphere.

This process could form the basis of a practical solar - energy storage system, Nocera says, in which electric current from a solar cell passes through water to the catalyst, breaking the water into oxygen and hydrogen through electrolysis.

«We identified the different isotopes of hydrogen and oxygen in the water, which allowed us to work out where the water came from.

The fungus makes the chelator and produces hydrogen peroxide from oxygen, and together they start to digest the cell wall into the sugar found in the basic building block of wood, glucose, which the fungus can use as food.

Platinum is also crucial to the reactions in fuel cells, which combine hydrogen and oxygen to generate electricity.

Mangrove rivulus, which can live out of the water for extended periods of time (days or weeks, as long as the conditions are moist), uses its specialised jumping technique when water has low oxygen concentrations or high levels of hydrogen sulphide, or to escape predators and search for terrestrial prey such as crickets.

He added that using solar cells and abundantly available elements to split water into hydrogen and oxygen has enormous potential for reducing the cost of hydrogen production and that the approach could eventually replace the current method, which relies on fossil fuels.

The device developed at UCLA has a third electrode that acts as both a supercapacitor, which stores energy, and as a device for splitting water into hydrogen and oxygen, a process called water electrolysis.

These liberated heavier elements, which astronomers call «metals» (even oxygen is a metal in astronomer - speak), contaminated the hydrogen and helium drifting between the stars.

The new device relies on a metallic blend of nickel and nickel oxide nanostructures, which help split water into oxygen and hydrogen fuel.

Anthony Griffin, a retired Royal Navy admiral, described patented apparatus developed in the US to perform the supposedly impossible task of splitting water with a tiny current into hydrogen and oxygen, which can be burnt.

Which splits water into oxygen and the constituents of hydrogen, a proton and electron.

This aurora is driven by Jupiter's intense magnetic field, which causes particles to reach such high speeds that they can split the water molecules in the plume when they hit them, resulting in oxygen and hydrogen ions which leave their telltale imprint in the colours of the aurora.

In particular, a charged molecule called hydronium, which has three hydrogen atoms and one oxygen ion, can transform into water (plus an independent hydrogen atom) if it captures a free - floating electron.

The instrument was «composed of alternate tubs of oxygen and hydrogen through each of which passes platina foil so as to dip into separate vessels of water acidulated with sulphuric acid.»

Grove had invented a battery which turned hydrogen and oxygen into electricity and water.

Not only can they hide from mackerel amongst the jellies» stinger - covered tentacles when they rise from the seafloor to feed and digest at night, they can also survive for hours within the ocean floor's low - or no - oxygen muds, which are pervaded by poisonous hydrogen sulfide gas — an inhospitable place lacking any other vertebrate species.

The blue ovals (pictured above left) are residue from the main engines of the space shuttle launch vehicle, which used liquid hydrogen and liquid oxygen (pictured below).

There, water molecules will be exposed to ultraviolet rays, which will break them into hydrogen and oxygen — and then many of those lightweight hydrogen atoms will fly off into space.

They think this involves oxygen and hydrogen atoms formed during or after the etching process, which attach themselves to the internal surface of the porous structure.

* Carbon - dot: Carbon dots (CDs) consist of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen with a quasi-spherical structure in which the carbon shows the character of crystalline graphite.