Sentences with phrase «which oxygen and nitrogen»

These, in turn, triggered reactions in the upper atmosphere in which oxygen and nitrogen molecules released photons of light.

Not exact matches

Some researchers also think it may be possible to compare the carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, and other chemicals in a plume to «default» levels seen in asteroids, which were formed at the dawn of the solar system — and ask if life is manipulating the chemistry there, or at least did so in the past.

All living creatures are organisms or living systems, the essential components of which are carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen and oxygen.

- The revolutionary filling valve with separate vacuum and nitrogen circuits which decrease the oxygen pickup during filling

For example, a hermetic separator and the addition of nitrogen which reduce oxygen exposure.

When nitrogen gets into streams, ponds, the Long Island Sound and the Peconic Bay, it causes an overgrowth of algae, which sucks up oxygen in the water.

Too much nitrogen in water can lead to algal blooms, which reduce oxygen in water and kill large numbers of fish.

There are basically two types of lines, those produced by collisions between the atoms or ions and the electrons in the surrounding gas, which are called collision lines, and which are very bright for elements such as oxygen, nitrogen and neon, and lines which are produced when ions capture free electrons, which are called recombination lines, and which are bright only for those gases with the highest abundances in the interstellar medium: hydrogen and helium.

The test, which could be available to patients within two years, identifies the chemical signatures found in the plasma of blood joint proteins damaged by oxidation, nitration and glycation; the modification of proteins with oxygen, nitrogen and sugar molecules.

To mimic Titan's environment, her team combined cold nitrogen, methane, and traces of carbon monoxide and exposed the mix to microwaves (which simulate the sun's ultraviolet rays) and oxygen (which rains down on Titan from eruptions on the nearby moon Enceladus).

Every protein consists of a long chain of joined - together amino acids, which are small molecules made up of atoms of carbon, oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur and hydrogen.

For years scientists have known that nitrogen and phosphorus, which commonly enter freshwater lakes in chemical fertilizers, play a role in eutrophication — the process by which algal blooms, turbidity, and oxygen deficiencies turn a lake into a dead zone, largely devoid of animal life.

Matula says this sudden illumination happens because during the first bout of sonoluminescence, temperatures in the bubble, which can be as high as several hundred thousand degrees — hotter than the sun's surface — do something to nitrogen and oxygen to make them form compounds such as nitrous oxide that dissolve in the surrounding water.

training in the lab, only 5 % of her Ph.D. time was actually devoted to chemical experiments; her aim was to determine the influence of nitrogen and oxygen on the growth and etching of diamonds, which required a lot of computer - simulation studies.

After breaking away from the molecule in the strong laser field, the electron returned and was scattered on a molecular ion, which resulted in the molecule dissociation into a positive nitrogen ion and an oxygen atom.

The answer is that before the sunlight reaches Earth, it first has to travel through our atmosphere, which is a layer of gas made up of tiny molecules of mostly nitrogen and oxygen that surrounds our planet.

The researchers tested a variety of solutions containing the soil bacteria Geobacter sulfurreducens and Thiobacillus denitrificans, which thrive by eating acetate (an organic compound that makes vinegar sour) and nitrate (a negatively - charged molecule of biologically available nitrogen and oxygen), respectively, when they can find a spare electron or two.

Be it the azure of high noon or the orange glow of dusk, the colors of the sky result from sunlight interacting with molecules in the air, primarily nitrogen and oxygen, which cause it to be deflected in all directions, a phenomenon called Rayleigh scattering.

This is the first time anyone has seen a star with a tail, which spectral analysis reveals comprises mainly carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen molecules — some of the elements necessary for life.

The near - infrared mapping spectrometer on NASA's Galileo spacecraft found evidence of the presence of molecules made of oxygen, carbon, sulfur, hydrogen, and nitrogen on Europa, and a hint of the presence of a class of complex organic compounds called tholins which may be driven by pre-biotic processes (more).

Other abundance anomalies are found in a peculiar class of higher temperature stars, called Wolf - Rayet (or W) stars, in which objects containing predominantly helium, carbon, and oxygen are distinguished from those containing helium and nitrogen, some carbon, and little observed oxygen.

XRD data of all the flash states studied revealed an anomalous diffraction signal from Mn that is not complicated by signals from the overall protein matrix of carbon, nitrogen, oxygen and other metals, or even by the Ca atom, which is a part of the five atom Mn4Ca metalloenzyme complex.

Once in the atmosphere, the charged particles interact with gas particles, including nitrogen and oxygen, which triggers bursts of light.

The gas is only found in trace amounts in Earth's atmosphere (which is mostly made up of nitrogen and oxygen), even though carbon is the primary basis for life on our planet.

Making water Matt Damon's character took hydrazine from the rocket fuel and dissociated it into nitrogen and hydrogen, which you can do, and he burned the hydrogen with oxygen to make water.

Each amino acid is primarily made up of four key elements: carbon, nitrogen, oxygen and hydrogen, although each overall molecule has characteristic «side chain» which contains traces of different elements.

The company's primary products are atmospheric gases, which are produced from air (e.g., oxygen and nitrogen) and process gases, which are produced through additional processes (e.g., carbon dioxide, hydrogen, and acetylene).

There's the world of the inside of the car, which could be social, but also ergonomic, to do with monitoring and controlling the vehicle, and also gaseous and physiological, to do with breathing and the exchanges of oxygen and nitrogen and carbon inside the car; outside the cocoon of the car there is a domain of air currents, eddies and swirls, of turbulences and currents which constitutes a separate system.

2) What is the molecular difference by which CO2 absorbs infrared radiation but oxygen and nitrogen do not?

Actually the judge asked a slightly incorrect question (probably unwise to correct him publicly), the question should be,» What is the molecular difference by which CO2 absorbs infrared radiation emitted from the Earth's surface but oxygen and nitrogen do not?»

Oxygen, in combination with hydrogen, is found in water and in many other compounds: so is carbon, nitrogen and sulphur, the elements from which proteins and other cellular components are made.

> The concentration of CO2 is the wrong measure for deciding whether it is «tiny», because it compares the amount of CO2 with the amounts of oxygen and nitrogen which don't absorb infra - red at normal pressures.

As far as climatic impact is concerned, however, the fraction of the total mass of the atmosphere is irrelevant since the atmosphere consists of 99.9 % nitrogen, oxygen and argon, i.e. gases which can not absorb infrared radiation.

Almost immediately (nanoseconds) they relax from their excited state by either 1) emitting that energy as a new photon, some of which will continue up towards space, some of which will go back downward to be reabsorbed, thus keeping the energy in the atmosphere longer, or 2) by colliding with another gas molecule, most likely an O2 (oxygen) or N2 (nitrogen) molecule since they make up over 98 % of the atmosphere, thereby converting the extra vibrational energy into kinetic energy by transferring it to the other gas molecule, which will then collide with other molecules, and so on, making the air warmer.

Just as there is no «33 °C warming by greenhouse gases from the minus 18 °C it would be without them» — when the real blanket which slows heat loss is reinstated — the heavy voluminous fluid ocean atmosphere of real gas, mainly nitrogen and oxygen, and when the Water Cycle is reinstated.

Compare with electronic transition absorption of visible light by the electrons of the molecules of nitrogen and oxygen in the atmosphere, the real gas Air, which is what gives us our blue sky, reflection / scattering.

In the real greenhouse which is our whole fluid real gas atmosphere which has volume, weight and attraction and is subject to gravity, the some 99 % nitrogen and oxygen dry air is what acts as a blanket keeping the Earth's heat from escaping too fast before the Sun again heats the surface, without water the Earth's temperature would be 67 °C not 15 °C — think deserts.

AGWSF's Greenhouse Effect doesn't have convection because it doesn't have real gases, it has substituted the imaginary ideal gas without properties and processes, but our real Earth's atmosphere does have convection — the heavy ocean of real fluid gas oxygen and nitrogen weighing a ton on our shoulders, a stone per square inch, acts like a blanket around the Earth stopping the heat escaping, compare with the Moon which has extreme swings of temperature.

A while ago, can't recall off - hand which discussion here, I was told that carbon dioxide had a much greater heat capacity than oxygen and nitrogen..

Just as the real gases of nitrogen and oxygen and carbon dioxide have been replaced by sleight of hand by the real world physics imaginary «ideal gas», without mass therefore not subject to gravity and without weight, and without volume and attraction, which means, their Greenhouse Effect atmosphere is empty space, which is why they have no sound.

In which case, does the oxygen and nitrogen in the earth's atmosphere emit significant amounts of radiation (at night for example)?

Without the real gases, mainly nitrogen and oxygen which make up c98 % of our real Earth's atmosphere, the temps would be around minus 18 °C, with the real greenhouse gases mainly nitrogen and oxygen, but, without water, the temps would be 67 °C.

The example I've given is of visible light in the atmosphere being bounced around the sky, actually reflected / scattered, by the electrons of the molecules of nitrogen and oxygen which comprise c98 % of our fluid gas atmosphere.

Because AGWSF fisics is fake there is no internal coherence in it, for example: if «all electromagnetic energy is the same and all creates heat when absorbed» then AGWSF fisics doesn't have any answer to the real world physics understanding of how visible light is reflected / scattered in the atmosphere which is by real technical absorption of visible light by the electrons of the molecules of nitrogen and oxygen, hence our blue sky.

But of course, when it's pointed out that not all absorption of electromagnetic radiation creates heat, for example in photosynthesis when it converts to chemical energy and not heat energy and in the atmosphere where absorption of visible light by the electrons of the molecules of nitrogen and oxygen which spit out the same non-thermal energy that went in, this is ignored.

The real world's atmosphere was likened to a real greenhouse which has both heating and cooling mechanisms in place to get optimum growing conditions for plants, in other words, in the real world's analogy of greenhouse with convection and open windows, all the gases which are our atmosphere are greenhouse gases, primarily nitrogen and oxygen for the stability of temperature by gravity and wind and water for cooling by convection of gases with volume.

What we have are ensembles in which the various components (sunlight, thermal radiation, oxygen, nitrogen, water, greenhouse gases, etc.) and their various energy modes (translational, rotational, vibrational, directional, polarisation, chemical, etc.) all have slightly different thermodynamic temperatures (except for the incoming, scattered and reflected sunlight, which has a radically different temperature from the rest).

Hence carbon dioxide molecules have a cooling role radiating away that thermal energy which they acquire from oxygen and nitrogen molecules that can not radiate themselves.

The only thing I'm keeping from ideal gas is elastic collisions (which as I've given re actual properties of nitrogen and oxygen make our atmosphere approximate to his model).

The thermal blanket keeping the Earth warm is the whole atmosphere which is mainly the real gases with volume weight and attraction nitrogen and oxygen under gravity, without which temperature would be -18 °C.