Sentences with phrase «which signals the cells»

The pluripotent stem cells are then grown while being flooded with a molecule called Pax7 — which signals the cells to start becoming muscle.

To do this, you need activity in the [brain's] prefrontal cortex, which signals the cells in the amygdala to inhibit the expression of the fear memory.

The pancreas senses this increased level of glucose and releases the hormone insulin, which signals cells to increase their anabolic activities (breaking down).

Not exact matches

StingRay (also known as «Hailstorm» or «TriggerFish») is an «IMSI catcher» basically acts like a cell phone tower, and sends out signals which force cell phones to ping them back with information showing their owner's location and other identifying information.

To build nationwide 5G, they either have to kick current customers off LTE, which would take years, or use a type of spectrum (millimeter wave) that can only carry a signal 2,000 feet from a cell site — versus multiple miles for other spectrum — making it nearly impossible for either of them to create a truly nationwide 5G network quickly.

JCAR017 uses a defined CD4: CD8 cell composition and 4 - 1BB as the co-stimulatory signaling domain to mimic a «second signal» that amplifies the activation of CAR T cells, which according to Juno leads to a more robust signal to the T cell to multiply and kill the cancer cell.

The human body has about 1,000 kinds of such receptors, structures on the surface of cells, which let the body respond to a wide variety of chemical signals, like adrenaline.

The DACS - W checkweighers feature Ishida's unique DSP (Digital Signal Processing) chip which permits accurate signal processing under a wide range of weighing conditions, together with an Ishida built load cell that delivers high sensitivity, response and accSignal Processing) chip which permits accurate signal processing under a wide range of weighing conditions, together with an Ishida built load cell that delivers high sensitivity, response and accsignal processing under a wide range of weighing conditions, together with an Ishida built load cell that delivers high sensitivity, response and accuracy.

A load cell is a device which produces an output signal proportional to the applied weight or force.

In particular, the PTPRF gene, which is known to suppress intracellular signals that are usually triggered by insulin binding to its receptor on the cell surface, may serve as a biomarker linking insulin resistance with insufficient milk supply.

Each factor involved in the tumor response — whether it is the speed with which chemotherapeutic drugs reach the tissue or the degree to which cells signal each other to grow — is characterized by a mathematical equation that captures its essence.

When dosed with the drugs, these neurons, which produce the signaling molecule dopamine, let positively charged ions leave the cell, thereby damping the cells» hyperactive firing.

However, the impact of the two methylation - regulating enzymes was still seen at 10 to 15 months, when scientists found decreased expression of hundreds of genes — many of which are key tumor suppressor genes such as BMP3, SFRP2 and GATA4 — in the smoke - exposed cells and a five - or - more-fold increase in the signaling of the KRAS oncogene that is known to be mutated in smoking - related lung cancers.

To transmit electrical signals along a neuron, a strong difference in charge between the interior and exterior of the cell is needed, which is created by pumping positive ions into the cell.

A signal from the virus tells the liver cells to manufacture the growth promoter, which is then secreted back into the bloodstream and ferried off to muscles throughout the body.

A nerve cell, which sends signals using serotonin, first releases serotonin into the space between the nerve cells.

One factor keeping cells in this immature state is the PTEN gene, which suppresses a signalling pathway involved in cell growth.

For some years now, a new class of drugs called antibody - drug conjugates (ADCs) have been used, which work in two ways: they consist of an antibody that binds selectively to the tumor cell receptor and interrupts the signal to propagate; they also act as a transport vehicle for a chemical substance that enters the cancer cells with the antibody and triggers their death.

They have ready access to the bloodstream, which nurtures new cells with nutrients as well as hormones and signaling agents needed for growth.

Together, these signals activate ADAR1, which edits specific RNA in a way that stabilizes a gene that can make cancer stem cells more aggressive.

The inner ear comprises the hearing organ or cochlea, together with the five balance organs (the saccule, utricle and three semicircular canals), which contain the sensory cells, or hair cells, that detect mechanical vibrations and convert them into electrical signals.

Among these was the protein VGLUT1, which is essential for signal transduction in specific nerve cells.

In another neuron called a chandelier cell (above), vertical branches of its signal - sending axon, which serves to quiet other cells, dangle around the cell body.

The new discoveries show that bacteria toxins in some patients enable cancer cells to send off signals that obstruct and change the immune defence mechanism, which would otherwise fight the cancer cells.

Immune cells, which were built to respond to inflammatory signals, will be naturally attracted to the tumor site.

Ixekizumab is a monoclonal antibody - a cloned antibody - which neutralises the inflammatory effects of an interleukin (IL) a protein in the skin which carries signals to cells - known as (IL)-17 A.

As SNX27 plays an important role in shuttling the AMPA - receptor to the brain cell surface, lower levels of SNX27 means fewer receptors are carried to the surface, which consequently interrupts the signal transmission and impairs memory.

The nerve cells involved in this integration process and control of hormonal signals reside in an area of the insect brain known as the mid-Ventral Ganglion (mVG), which in turn communicates with a region of the central brain that is akin to the mammalian hypothalamus.

The exceptional cancer cells that escape the astrocytes do so by producing a protein called Serpin, which acts as a sort of antidote to the death signals fired at them by nearby astrocytes.

«That upheld our hypothesis, which was that biochar could interfere with cell signaling, most likely by binding with the fatty - acid molecules that the speakers were using to broadcast their message.»

In nerve cells, opening ion channels is a crucial step in generating action potentials — the signals by which the cells communicate in the brain.

Dr Ng said the hormone thrombopoietin was responsible for signalling bone marrow cells to produce platelets but, until now, researchers did not know precisely which cells responded to its signals.

The diet increased the levels of leptin — a hormone produced by fat cells that usually signals satiety in the brain — in the bone marrow, which promoted the development of fat cells instead of bone cells.

By analyzing chemical changes of the IRS - 2 protein in immortalized cultures of human white blood cells, it determined that IRS - 2 appeared in two different forms — «on,» which allows the signal to pass through, and «off,» which stops the signal from activating the cells into M2 macrophages.

Her team discovered that stem cells take up calcium phosphate to produce ATP, a metabolic molecule, which then breaks down into adenosine and signals the stem cells to become osteoblasts.

One clinical trial involves the drug CGF166, a one - time gene therapy, which, if proven successful in humans, could regenerate new hair cells within the cochlea that can signal the part of the brain that processes sound.

The change is translated into an electrochemical signal that is picked up by nerve cells, which relay it to the brain.

The artificial retina then converts the signal into electrical impulses, which bypass damaged photoreceptors and stimulate the retina's remaining cells.

In the new study, the team focused on neurons called amacrine cells and horizontal cells, which have a known role in «preprocessing» — or adjusting — electrical signals transmitted to the brain from the photoreceptors after they have been stimulated by light photons.

Through their signaling prowess, IDPs help regulate the gas and brake pedals for producing proteins from the DNA code, according to evidence that has accumulated over the past decade, as well as the process by which cells divide.

This atrophy is prompted by metabolites that purge the muscle cells of mitochondria and sarcoplasmic reticulum (which provide energy and signals), according to the BMC Ecology research.

A plastic optical fiber collects the emitted light, which is converted into an electric signal that appears as an image on a computer screen, allowing scientists to track cells without limiting the rats» mobility.

Without RPEs to support and nourish them, adjacent photoreceptor cells which capture light signals, die too and blindness is the result.

This fatty material is an insulator covering and modulating a part of the nerve cell called the axon, which transmits electrical signals to other cells.

Similarly, the signals trigger an increase in toxic chemicals such as nitric oxide, quinolonic acid, and kynurenic acid, which are bad for the functioning of nerve cells.

They call this form of activation «non-ligand-dependent,» and in a complex series of biochemical and animal experiments, traced the pathway through which FER's binding to MET inside the cell sets off a cascade of cell - signaling events, all directly connected in prior research with cancer initiation, including RAC1 / PAK1 and SHP2 - ERK.

Working with a mouse - model of parainfluenza virus infection, Sendai virus, which causes similar symptoms and patterns of tissue damage to RSV, researchers found that mice fared much worse in fighting the infection when their cells lacked IL - 27 signaling.

«If they are improperly positioned, they will form the wrong connections, which can lead to signals being sent to the wrong target cells in the brain.»

About ten years ago, research results showed that things are not quite as simple as that: «Under most conditions, H2O2 is not an undesired side product but rather an essential chemical messenger that plays an important role in regulating the way in which body cells respond to signals from outside such as hormones and growth factors,» says Dr. Tobias Dick of the German Cancer Research Center (Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, DKFZ).

Center for Nuclear Receptors & Cell Signaling (CNRCS) Assistant Professor Daniel Frigo and his research team recently published a study investigating the processes through which androgen receptors affect prostate cancer progression.