Sentences with phrase «which tissue the tumors»

An account of the discovery that tumors in mice metabolize glucose and glutamine differently depending on whether they are induced by the Myc or Met oncogene and on which tissue the tumors arise in.

Not exact matches

Each factor involved in the tumor response — whether it is the speed with which chemotherapeutic drugs reach the tissue or the degree to which cells signal each other to grow — is characterized by a mathematical equation that captures its essence.

Nor are x-rays good at detecting tumors in dense breast tissue, which also reads as white; many women younger than 50 have dense breasts.

Excessive adipose or fat tissue, for example, raises circulating levels of estrogen, which is associated with tumor creation and metastasis.

According to this theory, tumor cells tend to «forget» the tissue from which they originated as the disease progresses, acquiring an undifferentiated phenotype associated with heightened aggressiveness and treatment resistance.

As not all cases of Barrett esophagus become malignant, it is important for the treating physician to know whether there are reliable indicators (so - called biomarkers) which allow the estimation of a tumor development in the still benign tissue.

The scientists have shown that, in all cancers, a sort of «identity crisis» is observed in cancerous cells: in the organs or tissues in which a tumor develops, genes specific to other tissues or to other stages of the development of the organism express themselves in an aberrant manner.

Until recently, Ain was renowned for a highly prized repository of 18 immortal cancer cell lines, which he developed by harvesting tissue from his patients» tumors after removal, carefully culturing them to everlasting life in vials.

From tissue and cell samples from five glioblastoma patients, the scientists obtained 33 individual cancer cells capable of reproduction, which grew into very different tumors in the lab.

In an article titled, «Allergen Induced Pulmonary Inflammation Enhances Mammary Tumor Growth and Metastasis: Role of CH13L1,» featured on the cover of the current issue of the Journal of Leukocyte Biology, this new research suggests inflammation raises the level of a known biomarker of cancer, called «chitinase -3-like-1» or «CHI3L1,» in the inflamed tissue, which leads to increased metastasis and faster cancer growth in that tissue.

Patient - derived xenographs involve the implantation of tumor tissue into an immunodeficient mouse which becomes an avatar to help identify which drug or drug combinations are most likely to be effective for an individual cancer patient.

Doctors already test breast tumors for Ki67 levels, which can inform decisions about treatment, but this is the first time scientists have been able to link Ki67 to precancerous tissue and use it as a predictive tool.

In a bid to progress beyond the shotgun approach to fighting cancer — blasting malignant cells with toxic chemicals or radiation, which kills surrounding healthy cells in the process — researchers at the Harvard - MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology (HST) are using nanotechnology to develop seek - and - destroy models to zero in on and dismantle tumors without damaging nearby normal tissue.

EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) therapy is approved for EGFR activating mutation positive patients with advanced NSCLC, but the standard for determining mutation status is with DNA derived directly from tumor tissue, which can be limited or not available.

Glioblastoma is the most lethal form of primary brain tumor and leads to death in patients by invading the brain tissue in a process that allows single cells to move through normal brain tissue, which makes complete surgical removal of the tumor impossible.

The researchers next will turn to analyzing the presence of myoferlin in samples from numerous human tumor types available in an Ohio State tissue bank, which will allow them to compare protein levels in tumors to clinical outcomes for the patients who provided the samples.

«These tumors have a denser blood supply than the underlying vocal - cord tissue, preservation of which is necessary to retain optimal vocal quality.

Instead, tumors should be considered complex tissues in which the cancer cells communicate with the surrounding cellular microenvironment and evolve traits that promote their own survival.

This may allow surgeons to look at the perimeter of a growing tumor and use the shape to guide their assessment of which regions could be more problematic — where they need to take out more tissue around the tumor and where they may not need to take as much.»

Instead, tumors should be considered as complex tissues in which the cancer cells communicate directly and indirectly with the surrounding cellular microenvironment and evolve traits that promote their own survival.

But tumor - only analyses offer up many «false positive» mutations that appear to contribute to cancer, but which actually show up elsewhere in an individual's healthy tissue, a new study finds.

Surgeons also need to be able to see the surface of the tissue and the tumor underneath before cutting away, which requires visible light imaging.

Of all of these, one in particular caught the researchers» eyes: a microRNA called miR - 487b, which was consistently underexpressed in tumor tissue compared to healthy cells.

Using a very sensitive DNA analysis technique that can also be employed when only very small amounts of DNA from old tissue are available, the researchers could compare the two current cell lines with the tumor from which the cell line was established.

Tumors in other tissues are generally more solid, which can physically impede the ability of T - cells to penetrate into the mass of the tumor.

For example, the robot - mass spec combo might be useful to dermatologists who often probe lesions on the skin, which have distinct molecular signatures depending on if the lesion is a tumor or normal skin tissue.

This method measures the activity of protein - cutting enzymes called endoproteases, which are made by tumors to help recruit blood vessels and invade surrounding tissues so the cancer can grow and spread.

It is likely that a similar mechanism operates during cancer invasion, which suggests a promising alternative in which cancer treatments might work in the future, if therapies can be targeted to limit the tissue fluidity of tumors.

For example, knowing that IL - 37 helps to create overall immune system sensitivity could allow researchers to manipulate IL - 37 levels to sensitize the immune system to recognize and target tumor tissue, or desensitize the immune system in auto - immune conditions like rheumatoid arthritis in which the immune system acts over-aggressively toward healthy tissue.

This repair, which was tested in mice and tissue cultures, slowed cancerous tumor growth.

Doctors usually do the most common form of radiation therapy with x-rays, which can penetrate tissue, killing the cancerous cells in deep - seated tumors.

Considerable previous research in cell cultures has demonstrated that low doses of ionizing radiation results in «bystander» effects, in which nearby, unexposed tissues suffer cell death, mutations, and tumor - inducing growth (ScienceNOW, 7 September 2005).

Stereotactic body radiation is a newer type of radiation therapy which delivers higher doses of radiation to the tumor but spares the surrounding tissue.

The tumor cells were all undifferentiated and hence provided a homogeneous peripheral field, in contrast to the cells of the normal limb bud, which were destined to differentiate into many types of tissue.

Cancerous tumors and embryonic tissues have been found to share many of the same antigens, which are detected by the immune system through antibodies.

Launched by the Rare Cancer Research Foundation, Pattern.org is a flexible platform bridging the gap between cancer patients and scientists. Pattern.org enables cancer patients to directly donate their fresh tumor tissue to high - impact research projects; this helps scientists develop next generation cancer models, which will be made widely available to the research community.

After more than a year of planning, the project had an easy - to - use, online consent form in which MBC patients could agree to share medical records, treatment history and tumor tissue and donate saliva samples (allowing researchers to analyze both their cancerous tumors and noncancerous cells).

Metastasis is a dangerous phenomenon in which cancer cells separate from the original tumor, move into the bloodstream or lymphatic system, anchor in a distant tissue or organ, and begin a new tumor.

To evaluate tumor growth in mice of each genotype, we used an orthotopic implant model derived from a spontaneous pancreatic tumor arising in a C57BL / 6 KPC mouse (33), which expresses mutant forms of K - Ras and p53 selectively in pancreatic tissue.

Injections of iPSC - EPCs did not however have significant effect on tumor growth or on overall survival, but transducing cells with a baculovirus expressing CD40L, a member of the TNF gene family which can induce apoptosis [6, 7], and injection into the breast cancer lung metastasis, increased levels of pro-apoptotic cytokines in lung tissues, indicating the induction of apoptosis by CD40L carried by the EPCs (See figure).

A new approach to analyzing prostate gland tissue may help address a major challenge in treating prostate cancer - determining which tumors are unlikely to progress and which could be life threatening and require treatment.

Plasma cell neoplasms are diseases in which abnormal plasma cells or myeloma cells form tumors in the bones or soft tissues of the body.

However, access to tumor from distant disease sites may be feasible, raising the question of which tissue to study, the primary which is resected or the distant sites which will need the benefit of systemic therapy.

He and the Vereide Group grow precursors of human arterial cells, build colonies of dendritic cells (cells which can alert the rest of the immune system to the presence of a tumor), and use chick embryos to study the formation of early tissue layers for a possible future in which complex tissues, or even organs, can be grown to replace diseased, wounded, or malfunctioning ones.

Studying cells from the stomach and pancreas in humans and mice, as well as mouse kidney and liver cells, and cells from more than 800 tumor and precancerous lesions in people, the researchers found when tissue is injured by infections or trauma, mature cells can revert back to a stem - cell state in which they divide repeatedly.

Orders of magnitude more sensitive than conventional Raman microscopy, they allow mapping of 3D distributions of small molecules, such as metabolites and drugs, as well as tumor identification in tissues, which open many exciting new possibilities for biology and medicine.

PD - 1 is a receptor present on activated T cells, which mediates immunosuppression primarily in peripheral tissues, where PD - 1 ligands, PD - L1 and PD - L2 share an immunosuppressive activity and may be produced by either tumor cells or stromal / tumor - infiltrating immune cells.

At McCain's request, the Mayo Clinic, which is treating him, released a statement explaining that «tissue pathology revealed that a primary brain tumor known as a glioblastoma was associated with the blood clot» that was removed.

Other radiation treatments that require targeting the tumor from an external source, which exposes healthy tissues and limits how high a dose can be safely delivered.

DNA Detectives Find Genetic Markers for Lung Cancers Most Likely to Recur Researchers at the Johns Hopkins Kimmel Cancer Center uncovered clearly recognizable genetic alterations in tumors and tissue removed from patients with early - stage lung cancers that look like good predictors of which of these cancers are more likely to recur.