Sentences with phrase «which tumour cells»

We study the mechanisms by which tumour cells are immortal and normal cells are mortal.

Around 15 per cent of women with breast cancer have this form of the disease, in which tumour cells lack the three receptors that most drugs target.

Not exact matches

Although these spots themselves are harmless, if some of the spots are bigger than a 50 cent coin, then it could be due to Neurofibromatosis (NF), which is a genetic disorder of the nervous system that causes abnormal cell growth of nerve tissues or benign tumours to form on the nerves anywhere in the body at any time.

We also detected circulating tumour cells, which were found in higher numbers in patients who had received more prior therapies.

There were no serious side effects — and no sign of tumours, which can be a potential risk in stem cell therapies.

Because such cells are derived from adult cells, not pluripotent cells — which have the potential to form a kind of tumour called a teratoma — they might be safer than iPS cells.

Molecular characterization of the cells that undergo cell fate transition upon oncogenic Pik3ca expression demonstrated a profound oncogene - induced reprogramming of these newly formed cells and identified gene expression signatures, characteristic of the different cell fate switches, which was predictive of the cancer cell of origin, tumour type and clinical outcomes in women with breast cancers.

Approximately one year after successful treatment with cytotoxic chemotherapy and radiotherapy, patients with advanced Small Cell Lung Cancer (SCLC), which primarily affects heavy smokers, generally relapse with recurrence of tumours that are resistant to further chemotherapy.

A «Trojan horse» treatment for an aggressive form of brain cancer, which involves using tiny nanoparticles of gold to kill tumour cells, has been successfully tested by scientists.

One reason for this is that the tumour cells invade surrounding, healthy brain tissue, which makes the surgical removal of the tumour virtually impossible.

Tumours grow through a process of Darwinian evolution, where cancer cells develop an advantageous mutation that allows them to survive and multiply, producing a population of cells which can mutate further.

«With this breakthrough it is possible to generate cell models with the same alterations as observed in tumour cells from patients, which will allow us to study their role in tumour development,» says CNIO researcher Sandra Rodríguez - Perales.

Devil Facial Tumour Disease (DFTD) is a rare contagious facial tumour, which emerged from a neural (Schwann) cell in a single Tasmanian devil more than 18 yearTumour Disease (DFTD) is a rare contagious facial tumour, which emerged from a neural (Schwann) cell in a single Tasmanian devil more than 18 yeartumour, which emerged from a neural (Schwann) cell in a single Tasmanian devil more than 18 years ago.

Within that sting lies a peptide called chlorotoxin, which has an unusual property — it sticks strongly to tumour cells while ignoring surrounding healthy tissue, by binding to a cancer - specific protein called matrix metalloproteinase - 2.

Infected individuals however, are constantly exposed to granulin - like proteins secreted by flukes, which subsequently cause host cells to proliferate uncontrollably, leading to tumour growth.

This would then use the protein to recognise a foreign or tumour cell, attach to it and release the toxin in a high local concentration, which would cause the death of the tumour cell.

In research funded by Sparks charity, Great Ormond Street Hospital Children's Charity and Cancer Research UK, researchers at the University of Cambridge have developed a test for blood and cerebrospinal fluid samples that looks for a specific panel of four pieces of short genetic code known as microRNAs, which are found in greater quantities in malignant germ cell tumours.

Until now, it was not clear which form of cell death is decisive for the development of malignant liver tumours.

The result is increased cell growth, also referred to as compensatory proliferation, which can lead to tumour development.

The researchers found five different sub-types of HL among the patients studied: 247 cases of the nodular sclerosis (NS) type, in which the tumour nodules are large; 105 of mixed cellularity, where a mixture of different types of inflammatory cells are involved; 58 lymphocyte rich, the sub-type with the best outcome; 68 «others»; and 143 «not otherwise specified» (NOS).

Tumours spread with the help of enzymes called matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), which destroy the connective tissue between cells and organs, allowing tumour cells to break out of the original site and enter new ones.

Cancer stem cells are strongly associated with the growth and recurrence of all cancers and are especially difficult to eradicate with normal treatment, which also leads to tumours developing resistance to other types of therapy.

Saurabh Saha of BioMed Valley Discoveries in Kansas City, Missouri, and his colleagues wondered whether they could use the bacteria to selectively kill mammalian cells within cancerous tumours, which often have a poor blood supply and therefore low oxygen levels.

«Brain metastases are a secondary brain tumour, which means they are caused by cancer cells that escape from primary tumours like lung, breast or melanoma, and travel to the brain,» said Mohini Singh, the study's primary author and a PhD candidate in biochemistry at the Michael G. DeGroote School of Medicine at McMaster.

To carry out the study, the team has analysed how different carbohydrates act on the surface of silver nanoparticles (Ag - NP) of around 50 nanometres, which have been introduced into cultures of liver cells and tumour cells from the nervous system of mice.

Pembrolizumab works by binding to PD - 1 and blocking the interaction between PD - 1 and its ligands, PD - L1 and PD - L2, thereby activating T lymphocyte cells which may affect both tumour cells and healthy cells.

But at the moment we have to use retroviruses to carry the foreign material into the cells, which could generate tumours.

The experimental drug cediranib blocks the cell surface receptor VEGF, which stimulates the growth of new blood vessels to feed the growth of tumours,» explains study researcher Dr Paul Symonds, of the Department Cancer Studies & Molecular Medicine at the University of Leicester, UK.

The CNIO researchers show that cell defects caused by the inhibition of Cdh1 are independent of the presence of the p53 molecule, which is mutated in different types of tumours.

This bank of living tumour cells allowed the team to study not only the genetics of the cells, but also how genetic mutations in the mitochondria — which drive energy production in the cell — caused changes in the cell's metabolism.

To do this, they switched from using dead tumour cell samples to patient - derived tumour cell lines, in which fresh samples of a person's tumour are grafted onto mice and grown to the required volumes.

This is very important for the tumour cells which then spread into the surrounding nervous tissue.

Researchers from the University of Portsmouth's Brain Tumour Research Centre of Excellence have identified molecules which are responsible for metastatic lung cancer cells binding to blood vessels in the brain.

Using genetic tools to establish in which cells cancer - driving mutations originated and then propagated into other cancer cells, they demonstrated that a distinct and rare subset of MDS cells showed all the hallmarks of cancer stem cells, and that no other malignant MDS cells were able to propagate the tumour.

While it is present on a number of different types of cells in the body, it is expressed at higher levels on metastatic tumour cells, including those which have spread from the lung.

The TGF beta - 1 was produced by the stromal fibroblasts which surrounded the tumour cells.

Cancer stem cells, which fuel the growth of fatal tumours, can be knocked out by a one - two combination of antibiotics and Vitamin C in a new experimental strategy, published by researchers at the University of Salford, UK.

Also characteristics of tumour cells such as a protein which is too abundant in the cell envelope are called antigens.

Using a CRISPR - dCas9 epigenetic editing tool, the researchers methylated different genes in healthy breast cells and found that those changes were sufficient to cause the cells to undergo «hyperproliferation» — abnormally rapid cell division which is an early stage of tumour initiation.

The study, which is published in the journal Nature Communications, was conducted on human tumour cells and on mice, and offers hope of a much improved therapy for a severe form of cancer.

The team plans to test the approach in a clinical trial in which chemotherapy drug selection for each person will be guided by testing balls of their tumour cells in the lab.

They sequenced the complete genomes of multiple regions in each tumour and looked at which mutations were present in all cells and all regions of each tumour, and which were present in just some.

For cancer, he hopes to adopt a similar approach in which the transplanted nodes will contain T cells trained to hunt down the antigens produced by tumour cells and kill them off.

There were no serious side effects — and no sign of tumours, which can be a risk in stem cell - based therapies.

«This is because the stress led to poor function against the cancer by T - cells, which are very important in the immune system's control and surveillance of tumours and are a major target in many immunotherapy treatments.»

The immune system also includes natural killer cells (NK cells), which recognize and eliminate tumour or virus - infected cells.

For example, a gene called p53, which normally acts as a brake on cell division, turns out to be mutated or lost in about half of all tumours.

That's the new picture emerging from recent studies, which suggest that a small number of stem - cell - like cells within tumours give rise to all the rest of the cancerous cells.

The virus, code - named JX - 954, targets two genes involved in cancer cell growth and blood supply, which show increased activity in tumours.

Scientists have identified for the first time the «cell of origin» — in other words, the first cell from which the cancer grows — in basal cell carcinoma, the most common form of skin cancer, and followed the chain of events that lead to the growth of these invasive tumours.