For each measure, more than 70 % of this disparity was due to different outcomes for black and
white individuals enrolled in the same health plan rather than selection of black enrollees into lower - performing plans.
Using the B&B: 08/12 data, we examine total debt - to - income ratios for
individuals who are employed full - time in 2012 and not currently
enrolled, and find that black students with graduate degrees have debt - to - income ratios that are 27 percentage points higher than
white graduate degree holders (even after controlling for other characteristics such as parental education and income).