Using neuropsychological testing to assess cognitive performance, the researchers found a relationship between the amount
of white matter injury and changes in reaction time and the ability to switch between mental tasks.
MRI can be used to create a frequency distribution graph of the whole brain called a histogram, and from that a mean fractional anistropy (FA), a measure of how easily water moves through the brain, can be derived to
assess white matter injury.
In the early 2000s, researchers led by UCLA neurobiologist Ronald M. Harper detected brain - cell death and
white matter injury in adult humans with OSA, in areas controlling not only cognitive functions but also mood, breathing, blood pressure and the nervous system's ability to coordinate sensory information and movement.
Hypoxic birth injuries (such as HIE or
white matter injury) may also lead to the development of cerebral palsy.