Presently, human pluripotent stem
cells (hPSCs) are the most powerful cellular resource to challenge this complete reassessment
of the scientific bases and goals
of toxicity testing, since they present a unique opportunity to develop a
wide variety of human
cell - based physiological test systems because they may be expanded indefinitely and triggered to differentiate into any
cell type, offering additionally the possibility to represent the human population diversity.
Year 4 Science Assessments Objectives covered: Recognise that living things can be grouped in a
variety of ways Explore and use classification keys to help group, identify and name a
variety of living things in their local and
wider environment Recognise that environments can change and that this can sometimes pose dangers to living things Describe the simple functions
of the basic parts
of the digestive system in humans Identify the different
types of teeth in humans and their simple functions Construct and interpret a
variety of food chains, identifying producers, predators and prey Compare and group materials together, according to whether they are solids, liquids or gases Observe that some materials change state when they are heated or cooled, and measure or research the temperature at which this happens in degrees Celsius (°C) Identify the part played by evaporation and condensation in the water cycle and associate the rate
of evaporation with temperature Identify how sounds are made, associating some
of them with something vibrating Recognise that vibrations from sounds travel through a medium to the ear Find patterns between the pitch
of a sound and features
of the object that produced it Find patterns between the volume
of a sound and the strength
of the vibrations that produced it Recognise that sounds get fainter as the distance from the sound source increases Identify common appliances that run on electricity Construct a simple series electrical circuit, identifying and naming its basic parts, including
cells, wires, bulbs, switches and buzzers Identify whether or not a lamp will light in a simple series circuit, based on whether or not the lamp is part
of a complete loop with a battery Recognise that a switch opens and closes a circuit and associate this with whether or not a lamp lights in a simple series circuit Recognise some common conductors and insulators, and associate metals with being good conductors