Alan Boyle, NBC News Scientists say
wild bumblebee species are being squeezed into extinction by climate change in North America and Europe — so much so that some of them might need help from us humans to find safe havens.
This wild bumblebee came to a flower in search of food.
The study suggests that some diseases are being driven into
wild bumblebee populations from managed honeybees.
«This study shows that neonicotinoids could be having a devastating effect on
wild bumblebee populations,» said Raine.
By focusing on domesticated bees, the claim goes, we are neglecting a far more endangered pollinator,
the wild bumblebee.
The study is the first to link exposure to thiamethoxam — one of the most commonly used neonicotinoid pesticides — to fewer fully developed eggs in queens from four
wild bumblebee species that forage in farmland.
While the new study is not a definitive explanation of the widespread bumble bee losses, which are likely the result of many factors, Cameron said, it challenges a popular hypothesis about the sudden declines of
wild bumblebees in the early 1990s.
Policies to manage these diseases need to take into account threats to wild pollinators and be designed to reduce the impact of these diseases not just on managed honeybees, but on
our wild bumblebees too.»
Three factors suggest that honeybees are spreading the parasites into
wild bumblebees: honeybees have higher background levels of the virus and the fungus than bumblebees; bumblebee infection is predicted by patterns of honeybee infection; and honeybees and bumblebees at the same sites share genetic strains of DWV.
This suggests that some viruses are predominantly spread by honeybees, whilst others rely on
wild bumblebees.
Dr Dino McMahon, from Queen's University, Belfast, said: «Our findings are important because they indicate that many viruses can spread easily between pollinator species and, furthermore, that they can reach very high disease levels in
wild bumblebees.»
The research identified five viruses — black queen cell virus, deformed wing virus, acute bee paralysis virus, slow bee paralysis virus and sacbrood virus (all named for their effects in honeybees) from
wild bumblebees and managed honeybees at 26 sites across Great Britain.
It also occurred in about one in every 10
wild bumblebees.
Wild bumblebees (Bombus terrestris) can pick up this pathogen, the researchers showed.
Not exact matches
This mimicked ambush by sit - and - wait predators such as crab spiders that
bumblebees in the
wild often survive after a brief struggle.
Several small studies have already raised the possibility that the substantial number of viruses and parasites plaguing commercial honeybees and
bumblebees are spreading to
wild bees that visit the same flowers (SN: 8/16/08, p. 10).
Disease associations between honeybees and
bumblebees as a threat to
wild pollinators.
«Climate change has had a notable impact upon the distribution of many
wild bees, with several species such as the newly - arrived Tree
Bumblebee migrating north in the past 20 years as the climate has started to warm,» says the report, titled «The Decline of England's Bees.»
More than 900 species of
wild bees are found in France, but many of them — such as
bumblebees — are in decline.
Researchers collected tree
bumblebee queens from the
wild, checked them for parasites and then monitored colony development in a laboratory.
The arrival of tree
bumblebees could be hugely beneficial to us by absorbing parasite pressure from our native species, as well as helping to pollinate
wild plants and crops.»
«Domesticated
bumblebees carry pathogens that can be transmitted into the
wild,» says Sydney Cameron of the University of Illinois at Urbana - Champaign.
In the
wild,
bumblebees are sometimes attacked by lurking crab spiders.
There has been research on the microbiome of honeybees and
bumblebees, but very little on
wild bees.
Raine said there is an increasing need for field - realistic research into the impact of all pesticides on
bumblebees and other
wild pollinators.
While
wild bees don't get the same amount of attention as honey bees or
bumblebees, they are a critical piece of the pollination puzzle.
Low levels of pesticides can impact the foraging behaviour of
bumblebees on
wild flowers, according to a study co-authored by a University of Guelph professor.
Neonicotinoid pesticides hinder
wild queen
bumblebee's reproductive success, according to a new University of Guelph study.
A variety of so - called long - tubed flowers, including penstemon, Indian paintbrush, clover,
wild indigo, monkshood, bluebell, snapdragon, larkspur, and foxglove, require long - tongued
bumblebees for pollination.
The coincidence of N. bombi infections and losses of
bumblebees in
wild and commercial populations suggests the fungus is a key player in bumble bee declines, Cameron said.
He added: «To save
bumblebees, people could let part of their garden grow
wild between early spring and late summer.»
Researchers have discovered a network of viruses, which were previously associated with managed honeybees, may now pose a widespread risk to
bumblebees in the
wild, according to a new study published in the Journal of Animal Ecology.
The study revealed multiple interconnected diseases that are threatening several species of
bumblebee and the managed honeybee, which are essential pollinators of many agricultural crops and
wild flowers.
With over 250
bumblebee species globally, these important insects perform the laborious task of pollinating flowers in both
wild and agricultural settings.
Bumblebee is the yellow Chevrolet Camaro, with a blacked - out roof,
wild spoiler and possibly removable top.
More on Pollinators, Conservation and Restoration Rare
Bumblebee Species Discovered in Scotland After 50 Years Honeybees May Be Responsible for Viruses in
Wild Pollinators Plant Pollinators Love Extinct
Bumblebee Reintroduced from NZ Stock
According to an EU - sponsored study by the International Union for Concerned Scientists (IUCN) dating from April 2014
bumblebees are particularly vulnerable, because they often depend on single specific host flowering plants — and many
wild plants are also in decline, for instance as a result of the spread of monoculture cropland.
Stresses that have been associated with CCD include declining genetic honey bee variation (which does not explain CCD cases among
wild bees and
bumblebees), the invasion of exotic species, climate change and — which we reported on two days ago — a decline in flower biodiversity, mainly due to the rise of monoculture cropland.
The U.K, team exposed buff - tailed
bumblebees (Bombus terrestris) to small doses, similar to what is expected in the
wild, of a commonly used neonicotinoid pesticide called imidacloprid, and placed the bees in an enclosed natural setting where they could forage free.