Sentences with phrase «wind at the surface»

The reason that's important, particularly in places in the central United States, he explains, is that winds at the height of the hub of a wind turbine, roughly 260 feet, are different from the winds at the surface.

-- Wind shear: The less the vertical wind shear — the difference in the direction and force of the winds at the surface compared to several miles into the air — the more powerful the hurricane can become.The influence of the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation

Several factors play a role when a hurricane gains more power rapidly, including the temperature of the surface of the ocean, humidity, characteristics of the clouds, the heat content in the ocean, and the direction of the wind at the surface compared to miles above.

Wind shear: The less the vertical wind shear — the difference in the direction and force of the winds at the surface compared to several miles into the air — the more powerful the hurricane can become.

Polar vortices are technically in the upper atmosphere — but there are related circumpolar winds at the surface that are more to the point.

Virtually no winds at the surface to redistibute heat to make it isothermal either.

Converging winds at the surface are colliding and pushing warm, moist air upward.

Measurements revealed that sustained winds at the surface were as high as 56 mph / 90 kph / 25 meters per second, near the center and northern quadrant of the storm.

Not exact matches

Winds will be stronger at the upper stories of high - rise buildings, up to a full category above surface - level speeds.

The solar wind is a stream of electrically conducting gas continuously blowing from the Sun's surface into space at about one million miles (1.6 million kilometers) per hour.

Alternatively, the water at Cabeus may have been created when hydrogen atoms carried by the solar wind slammed into oxygen - rich materials in the lunar surface.

When the acoustic data are paired with wind measurements from buoys at the surface, Rona's team can correlate changes in the plumes» activity with events happening above.

So while it may take decades for warming at the sea surface to change deep - sea temperatures, alterations in wind - driven events may have more immediate effects.

Driven by stronger winds resulting from climate change, ocean waters in the Southern Ocean are mixing more powerfully, so that relatively warm deep water rises to the surface and eats away at the underside of the ice.

But laboratory experiments by Hayashi and his colleagues, conducted at the University of Nottingham, UK, have shown that spiders can survive afloat, and can also harness the wind to «sail» on the surface of water bodies.

Robert Vautard at the Laboratory of Climate and Environmental Sciences in Saclay, France, and colleagues analysed surface wind speed data for the last 30 years, from 822 sites worldwide.

Over millions of years, the weak but persistent winds ate away at the surface ice and dust, carving out Chasma Boreale in all its glory.

It also helps that carbon dioxide is more soluble in colder waters, and that the churning winds mix the waters at the surface, allowing the gases to penetrate the waters more easily.

«I am very interested in these wind speed increases and whether they may have also played some role in slowing down the warming at the surface of the ocean,» said Prof Sherwood.

Working in collaboration with the company Cinogy and the Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology at the University Medical Center Göttingen, the Fraunhofer Institute for Surface Engineering and Thin Films IST has successfully developed a new medical technology solution for treating wounds and skin disorders known as «PlasmaDerm.»

«Just like wind turbines, these fans generate turbulence and mixing, producing a warming near the surface at night.»

Thanks to favourable winds and currents, aggressive oil skimming and trapping at the surface, and the likelihood that a substantial portion of oil is still drifting in underwater plumes, it seems that the damage so far may be limited.

Long - term data from a wind farm at San Gorgonio, California, confirmed his earlier model predictions: surface temperatures behind the wind turbines were higher than in front during the night, but as much as 4 °C lower by day.

At 80 million years ago, wind would have caused this scarp to migrate across the surface and the rock below the scarp would have gone from being buried — and safe from cosmic rays — to exposed,» Farley explains.

In the tropics at heights more than 10 miles above the surface, the prevailing winds alternate between strong easterlies and strong westerlies roughly every other year.

Other scientists at Goddard are investigating ways to forecast the ebbs and flows of nutrients using the center's supercomputers, incorporating data like winds, sea surface temperatures, air pressures and more.

While sand dunes indicate that Titan must have had strong surface winds at some time in the recent past, we haven't found any evidence that such winds still blow.

It is this beam of wind - accelerated grains impacting the sand surface at a low angle that is responsible for ripples.

However, gravity on the comet is also very weak, and an analysis of the forces exerted on the grains at the comet's surface shows that these thermal winds can transport centimeter - scale grains, whose presence has been confirmed by images of the ground.

Planes were flown directly into the Greenland jet, collecting real - time information on its structure, the wind speeds at different altitudes, and the interactions between the jet and sea surface.

The researchers developed a novel approach to the issue by using climate data from the IPCC and directly modeling all of the components that cause flooding at the coast including, waves, tides, winds blowing over the surface of the ocean and estuaries, precipitation, and stream flow.

The improved predictions are largely due to one particular instrument aboard ERS - 1, the microwave scatterometer, which deduces the speed of the wind at sea level by measuring the roughness of the sea's surface.

It also is hoped the probe will help astrophysicists find out why there's no organized solar wind (made up mostly ions and electrons) found in the vicinity of the sun's surface, even though it whips through the solar system at speeds ranging from about 670,000 to 1.8 million miles (1.1 million to 2.9 million kilometers) per hour.

Over the course of coming decades, though, trade wind speed is expected to decrease from global warming, Thunell says, and the result will be less phytoplankton production at the surface and less oxygen utilization at depth, causing a concomitant increase in the ocean's oxygen content.

I am happy that we succeeded in providing a quantitative estimate of the effect of air pollutant on surface solar radiation in interaction with wind,» says Changgui Lin, the leading author of the article and researcher at the Department of Earth Sciences, University of Gothenburg.

«Since oxygen concentrations in the ocean naturally vary depending on variations in winds and temperature at the surface, it's been challenging to attribute any deoxygenation to climate change.

They're able to do so thanks to the larger surface area of their wings, which enables them to ride the prevailing winds, often at altitudes of more than 1000 km, while dining on aerial plankton and small insects.

The group also found evidence that trade winds were stronger and surface temperatures were cooler from 1940 to 1970, providing additional evidence of the relationship between the Pacific trade winds and the rates at which global temperatures have been changing.

«Add to these factors the prevailing drought conditions that reduce the vegetation cover and the soil surface is at its most vulnerable to wind erosion.»

Leblanc et al. (2003), through simulations of SEP trajectories inside Mercury's magnetosphere, showed that significant SEP fluxes can reach Mercury's surface not only into the cusps footprint, as in the case of solar wind, but also at the planet's equator, elongated toward dawn.

They are designed to operate fully exposed in the harsh conditions of the Array Operations Site, to survive strong winds, and to keep their smooth reflecting surfaces accurate to at least 25 micrometers (less than the typical thickness of a human hair) under a wide range of air temperature of -20 to +20 degrees.

Interestingly, those same winds are thought to be part of the mechanism burying heat in the Pacific Ocean, leading to the slower pace of rising temperatures at the planet's surface in recent decades.

But as the protosun (the Sun in its formative stages) contracted, temperatures near Mercury could have been between 2,500 and 3,500 K, and possibly even as high as 10,000 K. Much of Mercury's surface rock could have vaporized at such temperatures, forming an atmosphere of «rock vapor, which could have been carried away by the solar wind.

Inhospitable winds rage across the surface at very high speeds.

These ocean winds, in turn, are affected by variations in natural cycles that manifest in changes at the surface of the ocean and immediately over it.

There are strong winds of 350 kilometers per hour (218 miles per hour) at the cloud tops, but surface winds are weak — no more than a few kilometers (or miles) per hour.

When surface winds blow at speeds of over 15 miles per hour (24 kilometers), small particles get picked up and bounce across the surface.

Be stars are generally thought to feature unusually strong stellar winds, high surface temperatures, and significant attrition of stellar mass as the objects rotate at a curiously rapid rate.

«At those altitudes, there is no planetary boundary - layer friction with the surface (meaning, the surface terrain does not exert a frictional drag on the wind moving above it), so high - speed winds might be possible.

So does mass change at the Earth's surface, which can come from shifts in ice sheets, or even possibly in major atmospheric wind currents.