Sentences with phrase «wind stress»

Figure 2 - annual wind stress (i.e. the average wind) for the global oceans between 1982 - 2004.

The effect of wind on the sea surface is known as wind stress.

An assessment of the SST influence on surface wind stress in numerical weather prediction and climate models

The atmospheric model uses prescribed wind stresses on the ocean and sea - ice, with variations for the LGM using anomalies calculated from a GCM, which produces a stronger AMOC than that found in the GCM.

The surface wind changes are associated with corresponding changes in wind stress curl and horizontal mass transport in the ocean (Saenko et al., 2005).

In the version of this Article originally published online, the y axis label «Zonal wind stress anomalies» of Fig. 1b should have had units of × 10 — 1 N m — 2.

«To put this in some kind of context, if those small scale eddies did not increase with wind stress then the saturation of carbon dioxide in the Southern Ocean sink would occur twice as rapidly and more heat would enter our atmosphere and sooner.»

Report conclusion: The top left panel in the figure shows a scattergram of local extreme values in wind stress divergence against maximum rainfall intensity occurring within the same vicinity (a 25km - by - 25 km neighbourhood) from a typical ASCAT pass across the Inter-Tropical Convergence Zone.

For instance, at the Tropical area, the bias values for wind stress and latent heat flux are 0.5 10 - 2N / m2 and 7.0 W / m2, respectively.

Other quantities include Pacific Ocean wind stress between 5S and 5N (ERS - 2, CERSAT 1996) and the global mean annual mean radiative balance.

The satellite sends down a pulse and measures how much it is scattered by ripples and waves created by wind stress.

On the relationship between the meridional overturning circulation, alongshore wind stress, and United States East Coast sea level in the Community Earth System Model Large Ensemble (Journal of Geophysical Research - Oceans)

A homogeneous monthly data set of sea surface temperature (SST) and pseudo wind stress based on in situ observations is used to investigate the climatic trends over the tropical Atlantic during the last five decades (1964 — 2012).

By combining satellite images of the ice sheet and wind stress data from observations and computer modeling, Greene and his collaborators were able to study the chain of events that brings the warm water to Totten.

Several new sensor payloads were integrated for this mission, including a three - axis sonic anemometer for turbulent wind stress -LSB-...]

Send, U., M. Lankhorst, N. Serra, and R. Käse, 2015: MOVE transport correlation with upstream transports in observations and models in response to stochastic subpolar wind stress curl forcing.

Hence from the point of view of the atmosphere, the ocean can be considered effectively stationary; from the point of view of the ocean, the atmosphere imposes a significant wind stress on its surface, and this forces large - scale currents in the ocean.

Gridded daily wind vector and wind stress fields, estimated over global ocean from QuikSCAT scatterometer (referred as DQSCAT) data, have been updated.

The water in this surface layer is transported to the right and perpendicular to the surface wind stress because of the Coriolis force.

Wind stresses cause a phenomenon referred to as «wind set - up», which is the tendency for water levels to increase at the downwind shore and to decrease at the upwind shore.

An effort underway at PSD seeks to understand how oceans impact the atmosphere, specifically how oceans can influence the energy budget of hurricanes through heat transfer, wind stress due to waves, sea spray, formation of warm water areas, and the impact of precipitation on water temperature.

Huang, B. and E. K. Schneider, 1995: The response of an ocean general circulation model to surface wind stress produced by an atmospheric general circulation model.

Analysis of the anomalous wind stress curl shows that extra-equatorial vertical advection is driven primarily by Ekman pumping.

A second satellite instrument called a scatterometer enables Kathie and her colleagues to calculate wind stress.

McGregor, S., Sen Gupta, A. & England, M. H. Constraining wind stress products with sea surface height observations and implications for Pacific Ocean sea - level trend attribution.

The power dissipation of a storm is proportional to the wind speed cubed (Emanuel, 2005a), as the main dissipation is from surface friction and wind stress effects, and is measured by a Power Dissipation Index (PDI).

(Hodell et al., 2009), as well as AMOC anomalies due to heat flux and surface wind stress variability (Vellinga et al., 2008).

Alternatively, it may be the result of increased ocean heat transports due to either an enhanced thermohaline circulation (Raymo et al., 1989; Rind and Chandler, 1991) or increased flow of surface ocean currents due to greater wind stresses (Ravelo et al., 1997; Haywood et al., 2000), or associated with the reduced extent of land and sea ice (Jansen et al., 2000; Knies et al., 2002; Haywood et al., 2005).

In this paper the output from several different runs of a global ocean GCM is used to show that the inflow of upper kilometer water in the South Atlantic and the outflow of deep water varies in direct proportion to the westerly wind stress in the circumpolar region of the southern hemisphere.

This in turn can explain why zonal wind stress and bottom pressure anomalies around Antarctica tend to be anticorrelated in both GRACE and ECCO results.

That is, the MOC weakening comes primarily from temperature and precipitation changes in the North Atlantic (and presumably, in the dynamic atmosphere models, Southern Ocean wind stress), and none from ice sheet meltwater.

Semipermanent anticyclones (high surface pressures), which tend to develop on the eastern sides of the world's ocean basins, result in alongshore surface wind stresses.

Wind stress anomalies (upper figure) and potential temperature anomalies (lower figure) averaged over 120 ° E-80 ° W, 2 ° N - 2 ° S from the NOAA Global Ocean Data Assimilation System (GODAS).

A note on the coupling of wind stress and sea surface temperature.

When he plugged that wind - force equation into his model and assumed that the probability of a branch breaking due to wind stress is constant, he came up with Leonardo's rule.

The project, called Estimating the Circulation and Climate of the Ocean (ECCO), uses observational data — including ocean surface topography, surface wind stress, temperature, salinity profiles and velocity data — collected between June 2005 and December 2007.

Here is a simple desciption of the main mechanisms: — Delayed Oscillator: Adjustments in the oceans as a whole, such as response to changes in the surface wind stress, happens through wave propagation.